Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a compound for a capping layer that has a high refractive index and a low extinction coefficient in a range of 450 nm to 750 nm to improve the light extraction efficiency of an organic EL element. The present invention has focused on the fact that compounds having a benzene skeleton at the center thereof are excellent in stability and also durability in the form of a thin film, and that the refractive index thereof can be improved by modifying the molecular structure, and thus, molecules have been designed. Provided is a compound represented by a general formula (1), and an organic EL element with excellent luminance efficiency is obtained by using that compound as a constituent material of a capping layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic electroluminescent device having a capping layer comprising a material having a high absorption coefficient in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 410 nm and no absorption in the respective wavelength ranges of blue, green and red in order to prevent the light in the 400 nm to 410 nm wavelength of sunlight from being absorbed and affecting the materials inside the device and to improve the light extraction efficiency. Since the arylamine compound having a specific structure in the present invention is excellent in stability and durability of the thin film, an organic EL device obtained by selecting amine compounds with high absorbance in the absorption spectrum at concentration 10?5 mol/L at wavelengths of 400 nm to 410 nm, from amine compounds having a specific benzoazole ring structure with a high refractive index as a material of a capping layer, exhibits good characteristics.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an organic EL device having a capping layer constituted by a material having (1) high absorption coefficient, (2) high refractive index, (3) good thin film stability, (4) excellent durability, (5) excellent light resistance, (6) no absorption in the blue, green, and red wavelength regions, respectively. Since an arylamine based material having a specific structure in the present invention is excellent in the stability and durability of the thin film, an organic EL device obtained by selecting amine compounds with high absorbance in the absorption spectrum at concentration 10?5 mol/L at wavelengths of 400 nm to 410 nm, from amine compounds having a specific benzazole ring structure with a high refractive index as a material of a capping layer, exhibits good characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention is related to an organic EL element having a capping layer composed of a material having (1) a high absorption coefficient; (2) a high refractive index; (3) good stability of a thin film; (4) excellent durability; (5) excellent light resistance; and (6) no absorption in each of the wavelength regions of blue, green, and red. Since an arylamine-based material having a specific structure according to the present invention is excellent in the stability and durability of a thin film, an organic EL element in which an amine compound having a specific benzazole ring structure having a high refractive index is selected as a material having a high absorbance at a wavelength of 400 nm to 410 nm in an absorption spectrum having a concentration of 10?5 mol/L and used as a material constituting a capping layer exhibits good element characteristics.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a memory system includes a first memory chip includes a first temporary memory and a first block, a second memory chip includes a second temporary memory and a second block, and a memory controller that controls writing of logical pages to the first and second memory chips. The memory controller forms a second unit having the same page number as the first unit by the first temporary memory and the lowermost physical page in the first block, forms a third unit having the same page number as the first unit by the second temporary memory and the lowermost physical page in the second block, and writes the logical pages by an interleave operation in order of the second unit, the third unit, the first unit in the first block, and the first unit in the second block.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a memory system includes a first memory chip includes a first temporary memory and a first block, a second memory chip includes a second temporary memory and a second block, and a memory controller that controls writing of logical pages to the first and second memory chips. The memory controller forms a second unit having the same page number as the first unit by the first temporary memory and the lowermost physical page in the first block, forms a third unit having the same page number as the first unit by the second temporary memory and the lowermost physical page in the second block, and writes the logical pages by an interleave operation in order of the second unit, the third unit, the first unit in the first block, and the first unit in the second block.

Abstract: A heating device of the present invention includes a main power source and an auxiliary power source implemented by a chargeable capacitor. A heater is made up of a main heating element that heats when supplied with power from the main power source and an auxiliary heating element that heat when supplied with power from the auxiliary power source. A charger charges the capacitor of the auxiliary power source when supplied with power from the main power source. A switch selectively causes the auxiliary power source to be charged or to feed power to the auxiliary heating element. A controller adjusts the power to be fed from the auxiliary power source to the auxiliary heating element.

Abstract: A heating device of the present invention includes a main power source and an auxiliary power source implemented by a chargeable capacitor. A heater is made up of a main heating element that heats when supplied with power from the main power source and an auxiliary heating element that heat when supplied with power from the auxiliary power source. A charger charges the capacitor of the auxiliary power source when supplied with power from the main power source. A switch selectively causes the auxiliary power source to be charged or to feed power to the auxiliary heating element. A controller adjusts the power to be fed from the auxiliary power source to the auxiliary heating element.

Abstract: An image forming substance removing apparatus for preventing an unstabilizing liquid from being excessively applied to a sheet material unnecessarily, preventing a bad state of transporting the sheet material, and not requiring a long time for drying the sheet material is provided. In the above-mentioned apparatus, an unstabilizing liquid supplying unit applies the unstabilizing liquid to the transfer material and is constructed with an applying roller for pumping up the unstabilizing liquid by an action of its rotation, a restriction roller for bringing the applying roller into contact with the transfer paper, and others. And further, in order to move the restriction roller between a position of coming into contact with the applying roller and a position of departing therefrom, a tip end sensor for sensing the tip end of the transfer paper, a spring, and a solenoid, etc. are provided in the apparatus.

Abstract: An image forming substance removing apparatus for preventing an unstabilizing liquid from being excessively applied to a sheet material unnecessarily, preventing a bad state of transporting the sheet material, and not requiring a long time for drying the sheet material is provided. In the above-mentioned apparatus, an unstabilizing liquid supplying unit applies the unstabilizing liquid to the transfer material and is constructed with an applying roller for pumping up the unstabilizing liquid by an action of its rotation, a restriction roller for bringing the applying roller into contact with the transfer paper, and others. And further, in order to move the restriction roller between a position of coming into contact with the applying roller and a position of departing therefrom, a tip end sensor for sensing the tip end of the transfer paper, a spring, and a solenoid, etc. are provided in the apparatus.

Abstract: An image forming substance removing apparatus for preventing an unstabilizing liquid from being excessively applied to a sheet material unnecessarily, preventing a bad state of transporting the sheet material, and not requiring a long time for drying the sheet material is provided. In the above-mentioned apparatus, an unstabilizing liquid supplying unit applies the unstabilizing liquid to the transfer material and is constructed with an applying roller for pumping up the unstabilizing liquid by an action of its rotation, a restriction roller for bringing the applying roller into contact with the transfer paper, and others. And further, in order to move the restriction roller between a position of coming into contact with the applying roller and a position of departing therefrom, a tip end sensor for sensing the tip end of the transfer paper, a spring, and a solenoid, etc. are provided in the apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for recycling a recording medium having an image forming substance deposited on both sides of the recording medium. A first image removing unit removes the image forming substance from a first side of the recording medium and a second image removing unit removes the image forming substance from a second side of the recording medium. A driving portion feeds the recording medium sequentially through the first image removing unit and then through the second image removing unit. Each image removing unit includes an image separating material which is constructed of a substance to which the image forming substance tends to adhere to and a backpressing material, which is formed opposite to the image separating material, and which presses the recording medium against the image forming substance. A surface of the backpressing material is formed of a material to which the image forming substance tends not to adhere.

Abstract: An x-ray monochromator is composed of a semiconductor perfect single crystal serving as a monochromator and a solid state detector for measuring and/or counting the incident x-ray photons of an x-ray beam which enters the semiconductor single crystal, the solid state detector being disposed integrally with the semiconductor perfect single crystal on a side opposite to an x-ray beam incident side thereof.