Abstract: A system for calculating the maximum power limit of a battery pack for an electric vehicle includes one or more controllers in electronic communication with the battery pack. A plurality of battery open circuit voltage look-up tables and a plurality of direct current internal resistance (DCIR) look-up tables are stored in memory of the one or more controllers.

Abstract: A method of battery cell state estimation includes measuring an initial temperature of a cell grouping in a vehicle, applying a perturbation to the cell grouping in the vehicle for a threshold period of time, and measuring a perturbation temperature of the cell grouping and a voltage of the cell grouping. The method also includes calculating, based on the measured perturbation temperature of the cell grouping and the measured voltage of the cell grouping, an entropy coefficient of the cell grouping, and determining a plateau location based on the measured voltage of the cell grouping. The method further includes generating a state of charge estimate based on the entropy coefficient and the plateau location, and splitting the state of charge estimate and the entropy coefficient into a material level state of lithiation and a material level entropy coefficient.

Abstract: A vehicle battery monitoring system includes a drive unit including an electric motor to rotate wheels of a vehicle, at least one battery module configured to supply power to the electric motor, the at least one battery module including a cathode, an anode, and a separator between the anode and the cathode, a memory configured to store a cathode equivalent circuit model, an anode equivalent circuit model and a separator equivalent circuit model, and a vehicle control module configured to determine a cathode voltage response of the cathode using the cathode equivalent circuit model, determine an anode voltage response of the anode using the anode equivalent circuit model, determine a separator voltage response of the separator using the separator equivalent circuit model, and modify a charging current supplied to the at least one battery module based on the cathode voltage response, the anode voltage response, and the separator voltage response.

Abstract: A system for calculating the maximum power limit of a battery pack for an electric vehicle includes one or more controllers in electronic communication with the battery pack. A plurality of battery open circuit voltage look-up tables and a plurality of direct current internal resistance (DCIR) look-up tables are stored in memory of the one or more controllers.