Abstract: The invention provides methods, reagents and systems for incorporating non-natural amino acids into proteins, preferably in vivo, using the endogenous protein synthesis machinery of an organism. The incorporated non-natural amino acids contain reactive groups for further chemical reagents, which may serve as a “handle” to enrich the proteins or fragments thereof in a number of uses, such as proteomic analysis, imaging of diseased tissues/cells, etc.

Abstract: The invention provides methods, reagents and systems for incorporating non-natural amino acids into proteins, preferably in vivo, using the endogenous protein synthesis machinery of an organism. The incorporated non-natural amino acids contain reactive groups for further chemical reagents, which may serve as a “handle” to enrich the proteins or fragments thereof in a number of uses, such as proteomic analysis, imaging of diseased tissues/cells, etc.

Abstract: The invention provides methods, reagents and systems to preferentially mark fast-proliferating cells/tissues (such as cancer), by incorporating non-natural amino acids into proteins, preferably in vivo, using the endogenous protein synthesis machinery of an organism. The incorporated non-natural amino acids contain reactive groups for further chemical reagents, which may serve as a “handle” to for a number of uses, such as imaging of cancer cells, targeting drugs to preferentially kill cancer cells, and proteomic analysis in the context of large scale or high throughput screening for candidate drug leads that affects the proliferation of a target cell, etc.

Abstract: The invention provides methods, reagents and systems for incorporating non-natural amino acids into proteins, preferably in vivo, using the endogenous protein synthesis machinery of an organism. The incorporated non-natural amino acids contain reactive groups for further chemical reagents, which may serve as a “handle” to enrich the proteins or fragments thereof in a number of uses, such as proteomic analysis, imaging of diseased tissues/cells, etc.

Abstract: Disclosed is a class of reagents for examining protein expression in vivo that does not require transfection, radiolabeling, or the prior choice of a candidate gene. Further, a series of puromycin conjugates was constructed bearing various labeling moieties. These conjugates were readily incorporated into expressed protein products in cell lysates in vitro and efficiently cross cell membranes to function in protein synthesis in vivo as indicated by flow cytometry, selective enrichment studies, and western analysis. The present invention demonstrates that labeled-puromycin conjugates offer a general means to examine protein expression in vivo.