Abstract: A four-speed planetary transmission has three friction clutches which are selectively engageable in pairs or simultaneously to provide a drive connection between the transmission input and the planetary gearing during the four forward speeds. One apply piston selectively engages two of the friction clutches and a second apply piston selectively engages the other friction clutch and one of the two friction clutches. Simultaneous actuation of both apply pistons causes engagement of all three clutches. A one-way clutch is disposed in series drive relation with the friction clutch that is selectively engageable by both apply pistons.

Abstract: An automatic transmission for use with a vehicle wherein the engine and transmission are transversely disposed relative to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. A unitary transmission housing encloses the transmission components so that the torque converter and control pump are disposed on one axis of the housing while the gearing, control elements and final drive are disposed on another axis parallel to the one axis.

Abstract: Torque-equalizing means for a dual section toric or toroidal roller and race type transmission, including a balance lever pivotally mounted on the transmission housing, with oppositely disposed pivot members formed on the balance lever and pivotally connected to first and second reactive or grounding members of the respective dual roller sections for permitting the grounding members to react to any excess torque of either section resulting from a build-up of manufacturing tolerances of the components of the respective sections, the balance lever being caused to pivot as required to equalize the torques in the dual sections.

Abstract: A drive mechanism for an automotive transmission wherein a hydrodynamic drive unit and a friction drive unit are arranged for parallel independent drives. The friction drive unit is maintained in a slipping drive condition to control a predetermined slip in the hydrodynamic drive unit. The slip speed of the friction drive unit is controlled by an engagement force thereon, which force is determined by fluid flow through a variable area passage. The passage opening is responsive to the speed of the input and output members of the drive mechanism in direct relation with one member and a proportional relation with the other member.