Abstract: A control valve having a pneumatic actuator and positioner to move the stem of a globe-type valve. The actuator has a spring-opposed piston that moves a chassis including a cam with an inclined plane. The inclination of the cam plane can be varied to precisely displace the valve stem. The amount of displacement selected, together with a specific valve plug contour, yield a specific maximum flow coefficient of the valve at that setting. The setting can be changed to accommodate moderate to very low fluid flows. A numerical display on the actuator may be used to register the flow coefficient selected.

Abstract: A container is produced from a preform which is formed by expansion in the axial and/or radial direction of a hollow blank of originally substantially amorphous material. In the production, the circumference of the preform is reduced by heating of material in the preform body, at least one material portion of the container body being displaced, by means of a mechanical forming device (30), in a direction towards the centre of the preform for forming an outer bounding surface of the container comprising material portions whose distance to the centre axis of the container is less than the distance of corresponding material portions to the centre axis (26) of the preform. An apparatus for producing the container includes the mechanical forming device which, during reforming of the preform into the container, abuts against material in the preform.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a sealed and filled container in which a preform of crystallizable plastic material having a body, a closed bottom portion and an open mouth portion is filled with the goods to be sealed therein whereafter a mechanical forming and thermocrystallizing tool is applied against the closed bottom of the preform, with pressure, to reshape the bottom of the preform by displacing at least a portion of the bottom of the preform inwardly of the body towards the open mouth of the preform. The tool is heated so that the temperature of the bottom portion is greater than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the plastic material and the tool is maintained in contact with the bottom portion during its reshaping for a length of time sufficient for the plastic material to obtain a total crystallization of at least 15%. The open mouth portion is sealed to produce a sealed and filled container.

Abstract: Crystallizable mainly amorphous thermoplastic material is crystallized at a temperature exceeding the glass transition temperature of the material (13) by subjecting the material at the elevated temperature to compressive forces. The material thickness as a rule is reduced by at least 20%, preferably by at least 40%. To achieve this a plunger (20) and a mould (30) are moved to a minimum distance at which the thermoplastic material (13) located between the plunger and the mould part is subjected to compressive forces. The plunger and/or the mould part are provided with elements (29, 39) for the setting and maintaining of a temperature specified in advance of the surfaces (23, 33) by which the plunger and the mould part respectively abut against the thermoplastic material.

Abstract: A body (1) of oriented thermoplastic material is converted through heating in an area adjoining one boundary surface of the material portion to a layer (10) of substantially non-oriented material. A film (2) is fixed to the fixing layer (10) by pressing the film with a compression and heating element (50) and the necessary heat is supplied so that the film (2) will be fixed to the fixing layer (10). Since the film is bonded to substantially non-oriented plastic material, the desired detachability in the bond between the film and the material portion (1) is achieved.

Abstract: A container comprising a container body made of plastic material, with a convex bottom section, and a stand of plastic material, supporting the container body. The central zone of the stand is secured, preferably by welding, to the central zone of the convex bottom section of the container body. The stand has a conical collar surrounding the lower part of the container body. The bottom edge zone of the collar is shaped into an annular support surface, whereas its top edge zone engages into at least one annular shoulder in the container body. After fixing has been carried out in the central zone, the top edge zone is kept in contact with the annular shoulder of the container body by the elasticity of the plastic wall of the stand.