Abstract: The improved recovery of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations by fracturing and matrix acidizing a subterranean formation is accomplished. Well treatment fluids having a viscoelastic surfactant fluid containing worm like micelles are useful to improve recovery of hydrocarbons and limit the loss of fracturing fluid into the formation fracture face. The viscolastic surfactant-based fracturing fluids of the present Invention are stable across a wide pH spectrum, allowing them to be used for fracturing treatments at low pH, as well as matrix acidizing treatments. In addition, the stability of these fluids is enhanced in the presence of organic anions. Two-stage fracturing treatments comprised of a viscoelastic surfactant-based fracturing fluid and a polymer-based system, wherein the two fluids are either blended or pumped into the formation sequentially (the polymer last) are also presented.

Abstract: A method is provided for limiting the inflow of formation water during a well turn around to maximize polymer recovery after a hydraulic fracturing treatment of a formation. The method includes a step for selectively blocking the pore structure in a water-bearing zone and not blocking the pore structure of a hydrocarbon zone at the formation face; performing a hydraulic fracturing treatment using a fluid having a polymer; and turning the well around to recover the polymer. There is also provided a method of acidizing, preferably matrix acidizing, a formation having a hydrocarbon zone and a water-bearing zone. The method includes a step for selectively blocking the pore structure in the water-bearing zone at the formation face to selectively retard migration of acid into the water-bearing zone; and injecting acid into the formation, wherein the acid is diverted from the water-bearing zone to the hydrocarbon zone as a result of the selective blocking step.

Abstract: The improved recovery of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations by hydraulically fracturing a subterranean formation is accomplished. Fracturing fluids using a viscoelastic surfactant fluid containing wormlike micelles are useful to improve recovery of hydrocarbons and limit the loss of fracturing fluid into the formation fracture face. The invention further relates to novel fracturing methods useful for increasing hydrocarbon production, limiting connate water production, resisting fracturing fluid loss into the subterranean formation, and reducing the equipment requirements in mixing and pumping fracturing fluid. The action of micelles of surfactant in aqueous zones of the subterranean formation facilitates the flowback of increased amounts of hydrocarbons once a fractured well is placed back on production.

Abstract: A baler for making parallelepiped bales is equipped with a bale ejector or thrower structure including a bale throwing pan supported by a four-bar linkage that is swung upwardly by a hydraulic throwing cylinder. A control valve structure including a solenoid-operated trip valve and a solenoid-operated pressure-relief valve is actuated for effecting pressurization of the throwing cylinder and throwing of a bale in response to a trip switch being closed in response to a trip pedal being rotated by a bale moving rearwardly on the throwing pan as it exits the baler bale chamber, the trip valve when actuated blocking a source of fluid pressure from normal communication with a fluid sump, and the pressure-relief valve when actuated being operable for maintaining the working fluid pressure at a value determined by a variable potentiometer connected in circuit with the solenoid of the pressure relief valve.

Abstract: A method combining resin consolidation and placement of fibrous material in intimate mixture with particulates provides a means of stabilizing a formation respect to sand production while enhancing well productivity without requiring a gravel pack screen.

Abstract: A handy, light weight tool that is used to automatically shell a hard boiled egg. The egg shell is punctured at both ends, and the complete egg is inserted about half of its length into the tool. When either water or air pressure is then applied to the tool the egg is squirted out of its shell and the open end of the tool.

Abstract: A method combining resin consolidation and placement of fibrous material in intimate mixture with particulates provides a means of stabilizing a formation respect to sand production while enhancing well productivity without requiring a gravel pack screen.