Abstract: Disclosure is made of a specific process for producing activated carbon in spherical form, starting with organic polymer spherules based on styrene and divinylbenzene, wherein said polymer spherules contain chemical groups leading to the formation of free radicals and thus to cross-linkages by their thermal decomposition, in particular sulfonic acid groups. Furthermore, various application purposes for the thus-produced activated carbon spherules are named.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fresh air filter that comprises a highly air-permissive two- or three-dimensional support made of a cross-linked polymeric foam which includes pores of large dimensions. The support comprises joining portions which are coated with a layer of ion-exchange globules.

Abstract: A process for producing activated carbon granules in which (a) a mixture of distillation residues from isocyanate production, a carbon-containing processing auxiliary substance, and optionally one or more other additives is shaped into flowable granules; (b) the resulting granules are then carbonized at low temperatures, and (c) the carbonized product is activated. The activated carbon granules produced in this way can be used to manufacture adsorbent substrate structures loaded with this product, in particular adsorption filters, filter mats, odor filters, surface filters for protective suits against chemical poisons, and ambient air purifying filters.

Abstract: A filtering material with adsorbing properties which comprises a flat carrier, the carrier being provided on one or both sides with a binder coating which becomes tacky when heated and to which an adsorption material is adhered. An adsorption filter can be produced from at least two layers of the filtering material. The invention also relates to a process for producing the filtering material.

Abstract: A method of processing spent ion-exchange resins contaminated with suspended particles, inorganic residues and/or organic foreign matter so as to render the resin ineffective for continued use, by which method this waste material can be processed to produce useful activated carbon particles instead of simply being dumped in a landfill. In accordance with the invention, granular spent organic ion-exchange resin having an ash content of from 5 to 30% is first dried, then carbonized under a substantially inert atmosphere at a temperature of 300 to 900° C., the inert atmosphere containing 0.2 to 4 volume percent oxygen up to 400° C., and finally activated at a temperature of at least 700° C. under a substantially inert atmosphere containing 3 to 50 volume percent steam.

Abstract: Granulated activated carbon is produced by an improved process which involves carbonizing pellets of a styrene-divinyl benzene copolymer matrix with concentrated sulfuric acid at temperatures up to at least 750.degree. C., followed by activation at temperatures of 800.degree. C. to 900.degree. C.

Abstract: An odor filter for exhauster hoods, which filter includes an adsorption filter bed regenerable by washing. The filter bed is made of a highly air-permeable substrate material and an adsorbent affixed thereto in the amount of 50 to 400 g/l by an adhesive mass and has a mean particle diameter between 0.2 and 2 mm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the decontamination of chemical warfare agents which are present on the skin or have penetrated below the surface into the skin, or materials contaminated therewith, by a micro-emulsion which contains a C.sub.8 -C.sub.14 alkane, an anionic surfactant, an aliphatic C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 alcohol, and water, and to which possibly a wetting agent and/or antifreeze components such as antifreeze agents, NaCl or CaCl.sub.2 are also added.

Abstract: A seal-free and frame-free odor and/or pollutant filter, e.g., in air conditioners and motor vehicles, having a self-supporting and elastic adsorption filter bed installed under slight compression in air supply ducts. The filter bed is made of a highly air-permeable substrate material and an adsorbent affixed thereto by an adhesive mass.

Abstract: A method is described for the decontamination of equipment contaminated with chemical warfare agents. The warfare agents are not destroyed by aggressive chemicals, as is usual, but instead are extracted using a microemulsion and rinsed off.

Abstract: An adsorption filter to prevent the emission of hydrocarbons from the tanks of motor vehicles comprises a highly air-permeable, substantially stable, three-dimensional bearer structure of wires, monofilaments or webs to which is secured a layer of granular, especially bead-structured adsorbent particles with a diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm, whereby the size of the micropores of the adsorbent is reduced in the direction of flow of the hydrocarbons emitted.

Abstract: Porous spherical shaped small bodies of activated carbon having a diameter of from 0.1-1 mm and an inner surface of from 600-2000 mg.sup.2 /m made from milled and already activated carbon particles of a size below 60 .mu.m linked together by bridges from 10-100%, of their weight of water insoluble synthetic resins added as aqueous dispersions, and, as a result of the irregular, often splinterlike shape of the carbon particles, having gaps between these particles spread throughout the whole mass of the porous body, the size of the gaps being of the same order of magnitude as the particles themselves.

Abstract: Disclosed is a filter sheet material for passenger cabins in motor vehicles, especially for the removal of unpleasant exhaust fumes, whereby on one and the same air permeable support material, a particle-filtering layer as well as an adsorption filter layer is provided. The adsorptive material in the adsorption filter layer is selected from active carbon particles, activated carbonized carbon particles, molecular sieves, porous polymer adsorbers and carbonized ion-exchangers. The particle filtering layer comprises a micro-fibre agglomeration.

Abstract: A filter material suitable for making protective clothing comprising an air-permeable pliable textile support, substantially spherical adsorber particles, and an adhesive discontinuously securing said particles to said textile support, wherein the adsorber particles comprise a copolymer based mainly on styrene and divinylbenzene, eventually crosslinked by CH.sub.2 -bridges.

Abstract: The activated charcoal filter layer for gas masks essentially is formed of superimposed, highly air-permeable surface structures with a layer of granular or spherical activated charcoal particles with a diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm affixed to them, and its pressure drop is less than 10 mm water column at a thickness of 4 cm with a circular cross-section of 100 cm.sup.2 at an air flow of 1 1/sec.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing microspherules from activated carbon, including placing active-carbon particles of less than 100 .mu.m in size in a pelletizer equipped with a vortexer, incrementally adding an aqueous dispersion of a water-insoluble synthetic resin until microspherules of the desired size form, turning off the vortexer but allowing the pelletizer to continue operating, immediately powdering the microspherules off, and drying the microspherules.

Abstract: In the fighting of fires or protection of objects from fire by applying thereto water, the improvement which comprises dispersing in the water particles of a cross-linked water-insoluble but hightly water-swellable acrylic acid derivative polymer in an amount insufficient to bring the viscosity above 100 mPa's. Advantageously, the particles are present in an amount such that after swelling the swollen particles hold 60 to 70% by weight of the total water, the particles are from 0.1 to 3 mm in diameter and are present in from 0.1 to 0.6% by weight of the water, the polymer being a copolymer of an acrylic acid, the water containing silicic acid and/or a silicate as well as sodium, potassium or ammonium ions. The water is freely pumpable but the swollen particles adhere to surfaces they contact rather than running off rapidly.

Abstract: The activated charcoal filter layer for gas masks contains a highly air-permeable, three-dimensional carrier framework essentially stable in shape, formed of wires, monofilaments or stays, to which a layer of granular, particularly spherical activated charcoal particles with a diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm is affixed. The carrier framework can be composed of wires, monofilaments or stays, the distance between them being at least twice as great as the diameter of the activated charcoal particles. The carrier framework can also be a large-pore reticulated polyurethane foam which has a weight of 20 to 60 g/l and pores with a diameter of 1.5 to 3 mm. The carrier framework can furthermore consist of wire netting or wire mesh arranged in layers, as well as of plastic or wire spirals with a length equal to and up to 10 times their diameter, or of wires or monofilaments with a length of 2 to 10 mm, which are held by twisted metal or plastic wires and project perpendicular from this axis in the shape of a spiral staircase.

Abstract: A sheet filter made up of a flat textile article carrying micrometric particles of a resistant and/or adsorptive additive, the textile article made up of fibers which upon heating become temporarily adhesive without fusing. Advantageously the textile article is a nonwoven fibrous fleece or a pile fabric; if a fleece, a second fleece can be placed over the additive particles so heating unites the fleeces as well as adhereing the particles.

Abstract: The adsorption filter has a highly air-permeable, three-dimensional carrier framework essentially stable in shape, to which a layer of granular adsorber particles with a diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm is affixed. The carrier framework can be composed of wires, monofilaments or stays, the distance between them being at least twice as great as the diameter of the adsorber particles. The carrier framework can also be a large-pore reticulated polyurethane foam which has a weight of 20 to 60 g/l and pores with a diameter of 1.5 to 3 mm. In spite of a very slight pressure drop, the filter performance is excellent.