Abstract: A self-contained sewage waste disposal system including a housing structure and a toilet bowl adapted to receive human waste and fluid for diluting the waste, transporting the waste and rinsing the bowl. A removable filter cassette is in the housing in communication with the toilet bowl. The bowl is flushed and the contents are dumped into the filter cassette and the bowl is subsequently refilled. Filters in the cassette separate the coarse and fine particles of solid material from the fluid received from the bowl. The solid material is stored in the cassette in a compact manner for subsequent disposal upon removal of the cassette. Fine filtering and decoloring is accomplished by a carbon canister. A reservoir is provided for storage of fluid after removal of solid material therefrom in the cassette.

Abstract: A self-contained sewage waste disposal system including a housing structure and a toilet bowl adapted to receive human waste and fluid for diluting the waste, transporting the waste and rinsing the bowl. A removable filter cassette is in the housing in communication with the toilet bowl. The bowl is flushed and the contents are dumped into the filter cassette and the bowl is subsequently refilled. Filters in the cassette separate the coarse and fine particles of solid material from the fluid received from the bowl. The solid material is stored in the cassette in a compact manner for subsequent disposal upon removal of the cassette. Fine filtering and decoloring is accomplished by a carbon canister. A reservoir is provided for storage of fluid after removal of solid material therefrom in the cassette.

Abstract: A self-contained sewage waste disposal system including a housing structure and a toilet bowl adapted to receive human waste and fluid for diluting the waste, transporting the waste and rinsing the bowl. A removable filter cassette is in the housing in communication with the toilet bowl. The bowl is flushed and the contents are dumped into the filter cassette and the bowl is subsequently refilled. Filters in the cassette separate the coarse and fine particles of solid material from the fluid received from the bowl. The solid material is stored in the cassette in a compact manner for subsequent disposal upon removal of the cassette. Fine filtering and decoloring is accomplished by a carbon canister. A reservoir is provided for storage of fluid after removal of solid material therefrom in the cassette.

Abstract: Molybdenum or other heavy metal anions and ferric sulfate are reclaimed from wastewater skimmings, that result from treatment of wastewaters through formation of insoluble heavy metal ferric salts and flotation, by treating the skimmings with aqueous caustic at 150.degree.-225.degree. F. to form a solution of the heavy metal anions and a residual solids fraction, separating the solids and contacting the residual solids with sulfuric acid to produce ferric sulfate.

Abstract: A process for removal of heavy metals in their anionic state, particularly tungsten and molybdenum, from industrial mining wastewater by chemical precipitation of the heavy metal values, followed by gas flotation.

Abstract: A flow of wastewater is adjusted to near zero streaming potential by injecting a non-coagulant mineral acid or base into the wastewater. The potential is measured in streaming detector units. The thus adjusted flow enters a basin where it is subjected to a decreasing gradient of small bubbles to form and separate off a buoyant floc from which valuable materials are more readily recoverable, a floc of higher solids content, and a floc of lesser relative volume than other systems employing similar manipulative steps.

Abstract: Wastewater treatment wastes, such as skimmings or sludges, are processed so as to reduce the water content by approximately two thirds and increase the impurities content thereof. The wastes are passed over a dense supply of very fine bubbles. These fine bubbles assist in floating impurities within the wastes to result in the formation of an upper stratum of gas, residual water and a concentrated impurities content and of a lower stratum that is primarily water, after which the upper and lower strata are separated.

Abstract: Raw wastewater to be clarified is routed in an apparatus which directs the wastewater in an improved upwardly directed vortex path that is above and open to a source of dense microbubbles. Impurities within the wastewater are urged toward the periphery of the vortex and coagulate, while the bubbles tend to pass up through a central core of the vortex. The coagulated impurities and the bubbles approach the outlet of the vortex apparatus, whereupon a venturi-like effect is developed to accomplish an improved contacting of the coagulated impurities and the bubbles to form buoyant agglomerates. The wastewater and buoyant agglomerates flow together through the vortex outlet, after which the buoyant agglomerates may be permitted to float to the surface of the wastewater in a separate chamber.

Abstract: Waste water containing suspended particles such as mineral oil, fats, proteins, fibers, and biodegradable materials, etc., is clarified by passing said water over a plurality of electrode banks whereby gradient current density zones and gradient energy zones are used to create microbubbles which float the particles to the surface where they may be skimmed off.

Abstract: A method of purifying industrial waste water wherein microbubbles consisting primarily of oxygen, hydrogen, or air having certain micron sizes and of sufficient number and volume wherein formed particles with or without the use of a coagulant in the water are attracted to said bubbles by difference in electrostatic charge to form embryo flocs is disclosed. The addition of a polyelectrolyte is then made wherein a full floc is formed which includes the microbubbles. This light floc is promptly surfaced by the buoyance factor provided by the microbubbles. The process is suitable for all types of industrial waste water.

Abstract: Wastewater is treated by a method and an apparatus in which a wastewater flow passes through an electrocoagulation cell having rod-shaped electrodes longitudinally disposed therein. The electrodes are oriented in one or more circles or portions of circles. The wastewater flow remains within the cell for about 1/10 minute to 2 minutes, during which time pollutants within the wastewater are turbulently mixed and combined with bubbles produced at the electrodes, thereby forming an embryo floc. The embryo floc flows out of the cell with the treated wastewater from the top portion of the downstream end of the cell, after which it may be treated with a flocculant to form a full floc. The full floc and thus clarified wastewater flow into a flotation basin where the full floc undergoes a laminar flow to the top of the clarified wastewater and is skimmed off.

Abstract: A method of treating industrial waste water containing suspended particles such as mineral oil, fats, proteins, glycerides, fibers, and biodegradable materials, by exposing said water to a plurality of positive and negative electrodes whereby high current densities are used to create large volumes of microbubbles which float the particles to the surface and periodically reversing the current so as to keep the cathodes clean is disclosed.

Abstract: A flow of polluted raw wastewater may first be treated with a coagulant, then it is rapidly mixed with very fine bubbles supplied beneath the wastewater flow and may then be treated with a flocculant, after which the pollutants are separated from the water by skimming off the surface of the wastewater.