Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a continuous process for the production of thermoplastic materials, comprising:I. introducing 4 to 65 parts by weight of thermoplastic polymer into an extruder at a first inlet, wherein the temperature within said extruder is such that said thermoplastic polymer melts;II. adding to said thermoplastic polymer through a second inlet 35 to 96 parts by weight of the following polyurethane forming components, such that the total parts by weight of thermoplastic polymer and polyurethane components is 100:(A) organic polyisocyanate; and(B) chain lengthening agent with a molecular weight below 400 containing a hydroxyl group and/or amine group;wherein the ratio of isocyanate groups of component (A) to Zerewitinoff active groups of component (B) is in the range of from 0.90:1 to 1.2:1; andIII. discharging from the extruder the product of the process when the reaction of said polyurethane components (A) and (B) is substantially complete.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of a cellular polyurethane elastomer having a density of 0.45 to 0.8 g/cm.sup.3, comprising:(a) preparing a prepolymer having an isocyanate content of 10 to 25% by weight from aromatic polyisocyanates and a portion of one or more polyhydroxyl compounds having a molecular weight of from 400 to 6,000; and(b) reacting said prepolymer with the remainder of said polyhydroxyl compound and water;wherein the quantity of said water is 0.3 to 1% by weight and the equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups to isocyanate reactive compounds is in the range of 0.95:1 to 1.1:1, characterized in that from 0.1 to 0.8% by weight, based on the whole reaction mixture, of aromatic diprimary diamines having a molecular weight from 108 to 500 are also used in (a) or (b).

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the modification of a thermoplastic polymer comprising:I. introducing 70 to 98 parts by weight of thermoplastic polymer into an extruder at a first inlet;II. adding to said thermoplastic polymer through a second inlet 2 to 30 parts by weight of the following polyurethane forming components, such that the total parts by weight of the thermoplastic polymer and polyurethane components is 100:(A) organic polyisocyanate; and(B) chain lengthening agent with a molecular weight below 400 containing at least one hydroxyl group and/or amino group;wherein the ratio of isocyanate groups of component (A) to Zerewitinoff active groups of component (B) is in the range of from 0.90:1 to 1.2:1; andIII. discharging from the extruder the product of the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved continuous process for the preparation of polyurethane elastomers which are distinguished from the products produced by known processes by increased elasticity, reduced shrinkage, higher rigidity (limit bending stress), improved cold notched bar impact resistance and good thermal stability.

Abstract: Carbodiimides are prepared by reacting organic isocyanates at a temperature of at least 150.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst having the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' are the same or different and represent hydrogen, alkyl, aryl and when joined together form a heterocyclic ring;Y is hydrogen, alkyl, chloroalkyl, aryl, alkoxyphosphono and ##STR2## wherein Q is hydrogen, alkyl or aryl; Q' is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, COR" , and SO.sub.2 R" wherein R" is alkyl or aryl, and when Y is joined together with R, they form a heterocyclic ring; and X is oxygen or sulfur.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process for coating the back of textile floor coverings, e.g. carpets, with polyurethane foams wherein it is possible to obtain particularly firm fixing of the nap and improved anchorage of the textile filaments. The process broadly comprises:A. applying to the back of a textile floor covering a first coat consisting essentially of a reacting foamable mixture of a polyol and a large excess of polyisocyanate,B. before said first coat has been hardened, applying thereto reacting foamable mixture of substantially equivalent quantities of polyol and polyisocyanate, andC. thereafter hardening the resultant product.

Abstract: Polyurethane elastomers suitable for coating textiles, leather, paper and similar substrate and a multi-stage process for their production. The polyurethane elastomers are obtained fromA. a polyol with an average molecular weight between 900 and 5300,B. 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane andC. a diol with a molecular weight below 500, characterized in that the equivalent ratio ((b)/(a)+(c)) is between 0.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to the discovery that it is now possible to obtain high quality, elastomeric polyurethanes or polyureas, even when using highly reactive diamines as chain lengthening agents, without the formation of unwanted irregularities, if the mixture of reactants is exposed to a high velocity gradient by means of vigorously mixing kneading elements at an early phase of the reaction while the viscosity of the reaction mixture is still low. Generally, the viscosity is kept between 100 and 1000 poises and preferably between 200 and 700 poises during the action of the high velocity gradient.