Abstract: A gas burner for use in low-oxygen environments in which the oxygen concentration is insufficient to ensure complete combustion. The burner includes a central air supply that is annularly surrounded by a gas supply, thereby preventing the fuel from burning out with a delay in places where burn-out is detrimental to a system or plant.

Abstract: A gas burner for use in low-oxygen environments in which the oxygen concentration is insufficient to ensure complete combustion. The burner includes a central air supply that is annularly surrounded by a gas supply, thereby preventing the fuel from burning out with a delay in places where burn-out is detrimental to a system or plant.

Abstract: A rotary kiln burner particularly for fine-grained solid fuels such as coal dust, with jet air nozzles which can be adjusted easily and effectively during operation of the kiln in order to change the divergence angle of the high-speed jet air streams to change the flame shape and optimize the combustion. The jet air nozzles are attached with the nozzle openings divergent to the burner axis at the end of jet air pipes. The nozzle openings are arranged around the burner axis, with the axes parallel, with the jet air pipes arranged inside an annular cooling air space surrounding the coal dust channel and enclosed on the outside by the burner housing pipe.

Abstract: In order to provide a rotary-furnace burner in which the quantity fraction of cost-effective particulate secondary fuels to be used as energy carriers can be increased and the configuration of the burner flame can be influenced, even during the operation of the burner, it is proposed, according to the invention, to arrange an expansion chamber open towards the burner mouth and having a widened cross section, as compared with the tube or individual tubes in the burner in front of the issue of the tube or tubes for blowing out the secondary fuels, and to make the axial length and the volume of the expansion chamber variable, during the operation of the burner, by means of the axial displacement of the secondary-fuel tubes, so that the particulate secondary fuel particles blown out at the burner mouth with a considerably reduced velocity do not fly past the burner flame, but, instead, burn out in the flame.

Abstract: In order to provide a rotary-furnace burner in which the quantity fraction of cost-effective particulate secondary fuels to be used as energy carriers can be increased and the configuration of the burner flame can be influenced, even during the operation of the burner, it is proposed, according to the invention, to arrange an expansion chamber open towards the burner mouth and having a widened cross section, as compared with the tube or individual tubes in the burner in front of the issue of the tube or tubes for blowing out the secondary fuels, and to make the axial length and the volume of the expansion chamber variable, during the operation of the burner, by means of the axial displacement of the secondary-fuel tubes, so that the particulate secondary fuel particles blown out at the burner mouth with a considerably reduced velocity do not fly past the burner flame, but, instead, burn out in the flame.

Abstract: An mp3-standard bitstream is formatted into a sequence of fixed-length data frames. These include headers, side information, main information and a remaining data field without generally defined information denoted as ‘ancillary data’. The mp3PRO format is an extension of the mp3 format, wherein the additional mp3PRO data are transferred in the ancillary data fields. In various applications, e.g. Internet music search machines, a necessity arises for a fast determination of the bitstream types. Such determination is normally executed using an mp3PRO decoder. However, because the frame header does not contain a corresponding pointer to the start address of the ancillary data field, an mp3PRO decoder must first completely decode at least one data frame according to the mp3 standard in order to find the end address of the mp3 data and thereby the following start address of the mp3PRO data in that data frame.