Abstract: The invention concerns novel compounds selected from D,L-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]-thiazolium 4-cyano-2-iodo-6-nitrophenoxide and L-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazolium 4-cyano-2-iodo-6-nitrophenoxide. The compounds are anthelmintics effective against both nematodes and trematodes and in further embodiments the invention provides processes for the preparation of the compounds of the invention, compositions comprising as active ingredient the compounds of the invention and processes for killing helminths using the compounds of the invention.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the preparation of .gamma.-unsaturated carboxylic acid methyl esters by reacting an allyl alcohol with an excess of trimethyl orthoacetate in the presence of an acidic catalyst. The process involves: the slow addition of the allyl alcohol to trimethyl orthoacetate heated to a temperature at or near its boiling point; removal of portion of the trimethyl orthoacetate from the reaction mixture by distillation; and heating the remaining reaction mixture at a temperature of 130.degree. to 160.degree. C. to complete the reaction.

Abstract: A process for killing internal parasites of warm blooded animals which process comprises treating the infected animal with an effective amount of a composition comprising as active ingredient a compound of the general formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkanoyl, lower alkenoyl, aroyl or CH.sub.2 COOR.sup.4 wherein R.sup.4 is hydrogen or lower alkyl; B, C and D, which may be the same or different, are halogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, or COR.sup.5 wherein R.sup.5 is hydroxy, lower alkoxy or NR.sup.6 R.sup.7 wherein R.sup.6 and R.sup.7, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen or lower alkyl; A, E, X, Y and Z, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen, halogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, or COR.sup.5 wherein R.

Abstract: A process for killing internal parasites of warm blooded animals which process comprises treating the infected animal with an effective amount of a composition comprising as active ingredient a compound of the general formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkanoyl, lower alkenoyl, aroyl or CH.sub.2 COOR.sup.4 wherein R.sup.4 is hydrogen or lower alkyl; B, C and D, which may be the same or different, are halogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, or COR.sup.5 wherein R.sup.5 is hydroxy, lower alkoxy or NR.sup.6 R.sup.7 wherein R.sup.6 and R.sup.7, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen or lower alkyl; A, E, X, Y and Z, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen, halogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, or COR.sup.5 wherein R.