Abstract: An implantable electrode for use in the body of a subject has a metal layer and a graphene passivation layer formed on at least a portion of the metal layer. The graphene passivation layer may be a single monolayer of graphene. A process for passivating an implantable electrode is also disclosed.

Abstract: Multimodal biosensor devices are disclosed. A device may include at least two sensors selected from: (i) a nanomechanical resonator; (ii) plasmonic nanodisk antennae; and (iii) a field effect transistor. The biosensor device is capable of transducing the adsorption of biomolecules onto the biosensor device into optical, electrical and/or mechanical signals.

Abstract: A flexible, optically transparent electrode array comprises at least one graph electrode. The electrode may be positioned on a substrate. The flexible, optically transparent electrode may be used for simultaneous optical imaging and electrophysiological monitoring.

Abstract: Optomechanical device for frequency doubling enhancement are described. The devices include a substrate through which light of a first wavelength is introduced, a first reflector mirror, a conductive layer disposed on the first reflector mirror, and a second mirror spaced apart from the conductive layer, thereby forming an optical cavity between the second mirror and the conductive layer. The devices also include a power source coupled to the second mirror and the conductive layer and a monolayer of non-linear optical material disposed within the optical cavity, the monolayer being configured to produce light of a second wavelength upon interaction with the light of the first wavelength. The second mirror is deformable upon introduction of voltage from the power source and deformation of the second mirror changes a length of the optical cavity, thereby enhancing a power output of the light of the second wavelength produced by the monolayer.

Abstract: Optomechanical device for frequency doubling enhancement are described. The devices include a substrate through which light of a first wavelength is introduced, a first reflector mirror, a conductive layer disposed on the first reflector mirror, and a second mirror spaced apart from the conductive layer, thereby forming an optical cavity between the second mirror and the conductive layer. The devices also include a power source coupled to the second mirror and the conductive layer and a monolayer of non-linear optical material disposed within the optical cavity, the monolayer being configured to produce light of a second wavelength upon interaction with the light of the first wavelength. The second mirror is deformable upon introduction of voltage from the power source and deformation of the second mirror changes a length of the optical cavity, thereby enhancing a power output of the light of the second wavelength produced by the monolayer.

Abstract: A flexible, optically transparent electrode array comprises at least one graph electrode. The electrode may be positioned on a substrate. The flexible, optically transparent electrode may be used for simultaneous optical imaging and electrophysiological monitoring.

Abstract: An implantable electrode for use in the body of a subject has a metal layer and a graphene passivation layer formed on at least a portion of the metal layer. The graphene passivation layer may be a single monolayer of graphene. A process for passivating an implantable electrode is also disclosed.

Abstract: Multimodal biosensor devices are disclosed. A device may include at least two sensors selected from: (i) a nanomechanical resonator; (ii) plasmonic nanodisk antennae; and (iii) a field effect transistor. The biosensor device is capable of transducing the adsorption of biomolecules onto the biosensor device into optical, electrical and/or mechanical signals.

Abstract: A new class of photonic devices called active optical antennas, which consist of metallic structures directly integrated on to the facet of a semiconductor lasers, and of instruments based on such antennas are disclosed. The structures consist of metallic elements which function as antennas at optical wavelengths by spatially concentrating laser radiation of wavelength in the range from the UV to the mid-infrared into spots (with sizes in the range 10-100 nm) in the so called near field zone, that is at subwavelength distances from the facet. Various antenna designs are considered depending on the laser under consideration and applications. This invention has wide ranging applications such as new microscopes for high-resolution spatially resolved imaging and spectroscopy, new probes for biology, laser assisted processing and repair of devices, circuits and masks, as well new optical tweezers and phased array devices. Microscopes and other systems based on this invention are discussed.