Abstract: A device for sterilizing water flowing through a sanitary appliance has a housing, which comprises an inlet and an outlet for the water; a UV lamp, which is disposed inside the housing and the radiation of which is directed towards the water flowing through; and a throughflow chamber for the water, which is disposed in the housing and surrounds the UV lamp.

Abstract: A device for sterilizing water flowing through a sanitary appliance, e.g. a bathtub outlet (1), comprises a UV lamp (12), which is disposed in a housing (2, 3, 4) having a housing jacket (2) and the radiation of which is directed towards the water flowing through. Disposed in the housing (2, 3, 4) is a throughflow chamber (17), which surrounds the UV lamp (12). The UV lamp (12) has a substantially rod-shaped lamp body (32). The latter is surrounded by a protective tube (19) made substantially of a material which transmits UV light. The protective tube (19) prevents a flow directly against the lamp body (32). The lamp body (32) is supported against the protective tube (19) via supporting means (38, 39), which allow only a low heat transfer between the protective tube (19) and the lamp body (32).

Abstract: The present invention involves a process for the co-production of ammonia and urea in which two parallel gasifiers are utilized so as to optimize the H2/CO2 ratio in the combined syngas product, thereby maximizing the ammonia and urea production. In a first gasifier, solid and/or liquid hydrocarbon materials are partially oxidized in the presence of an oxygen-rich gas in the presence of a temperature moderator, thereby generating a first synthesis gas mixture comprising carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. In a second gasifier, natural gas is partially oxidized in the presence of an oxygen-rich gas, thereby generating a first synthesis gas mixture comprising carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Because natural gas has a lower C/H ratio than the solid and/or liquid hydrocarbon materials, insufficient CO2 is produced in the natural gas gasifier for urea production when only natural gas is used to produce syngas.

Abstract: A partial oxidation process for the production of a stream of cooled and cleaned synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas substantially free from entrained particulate matter and slag. The hot raw gas stream from the partial oxidation gas generator is quench cooled with deaerated grey water in a quench tank to produce black quench water or cooled in a radiant and/or convection cooler. The cooled gas is scrubbed with deaerated grey water in a scrubbing zone to remove all of the entrained particulate matter and to produce black scrubbing waters. The black water is resolved in a flashing zone and reused by flashing it in two or three flash stages connected in series and separating the overhead flash vapors comprising vaporized grey water and sour gas from the bottoms comprising concentrated black water. The flash vapors from the first flash stage are used to heat a stream of deaerated grey water being recycled to the quench tank and gas scrubbing zone or to the gas scrubbing zone.

Abstract: This invention relates to a combination comprising two vertical cylindrical shaped high temperature pressure vessels coaxially connected. The upper vessel is a refractory lined free-flow partial oxidation gas generator for the production of gaseous mixtures comprising H.sub.2 +CO from liquid hydrocarbonaceous and solid carbonaceous fuels. The lower vessel houses a radiation gas cooler for cooling the raw gas stream which is produced in the upper vessel and which passes down through a coaxial vertical cylindrical annular shaped refractory throat located between said upper and lower vessels. A vertical steel cylindrical gas barrier provided with a flanged bottom surrounds the refractory throat passage so that substantially no gas escapes into a stagnant annular zone outside of said gas barrier. Further the refractory throat is vertically supported by said flanged gas barrier.

Abstract: A synthesis gas generator includes in a preferred embodiment a quench portion wherein product gas is passed downwardly through a first contacting zone in contact with a downwardly descending film of cooling liquid, then preferably at a decreasing velocity through an expanded second contacting zone, and then through a body of aqueous cooling liquid in a third contacting zone, preferably followed by a baffled vapor-liquid disengaging zone prior to withdrawal of product gas from said generator.