Abstract: A system for detecting the surroundings of a vehicle includes a sensor module and a plurality of computing devices which are spatially separated from one another and which are configured to process the detected surroundings data by way of an artificial neural network. The artificial neural network includes multiple layers of artificial neurons. Each computing device implements a partial number of the layers.

Abstract: A system for detecting the surroundings of a vehicle includes a sensor module and a plurality of computing devices which are spatially separated from one another and which are configured to process the detected surroundings data by way of an artificial neural network. The artificial neural network includes multiple layers of artificial neurons. Each computing device implements a partial number of the layers.

Abstract: A method for security purposes is disclosed, in which a challenge signal is applied to a physical object and a response signal is received from the physical object. The response signal comprises a plurality of characteristic resonant optical mode or a characteristic of the response signal is determined based on a spatial resolution of at least two frequency components of the response signal that is affected by luminescence effect.

Abstract: An active receiving antenna for vehicles, including a slot-shaped antenna cut into the metallic vehicle body, and having small-depth cavity filled with a dielectric material which closes off the antenna toward the back or interior of the vehicle. A low-noise preamplifier, which is integrated into the dielectric material, is connected to the antenna via two feed lines of different length. The desired polarizations of the received signals are set via this preamplifier, which can be changed over and be switched off.

Abstract: A sine-wave oscillator produces a sine-wave signal of a digitally predetermined frequency f in successive steps by only one multiplication and one addition under control by a clock generator having a clock frequency p. During a first step the value A.sub.(i+l) =A.sub.i +B.sub.i .multidot.k is determined and during a subsequent second step the value B.sub.(i+l) =B.sub.i -A.sub.(i+l) .multidot.k is determined therefrom, A.sub.(i+l) and B.sub.(i+l) being the respective newly calculated values, A.sub.i and B.sub.i being the respective previous values calculated in a preceding step, and k being a factor k=2.multidot.sin (.pi..multidot.f/p) calculated in a computer. The period of the successive steps is selected to be 1/2 p, and for the first step A.sub.(o) =0 and B.sub.(o) =cos (.pi..multidot.f/p) are selected. At least one of the two factors A.sub.(i+l) and B.sub.(i+l) is finally converted to an analog sine-wave signal in a digital-to-analog converter.