Abstract: A semiconductor wafer is formed of a substrate wafer of single crystal silicon doped with dopant atoms of the n type or p type, with a front surface and a back surface, contains a layer deposited epitaxially on the front surface of the substrate wafer. The substrate wafer additionally includes an n++ or p++ doped layer, which extends from the front surface of the substrate wafer into the substrate wafer and has a defined thickness. The semiconductor wafer is produced by a process in which dopant atoms of the n type or p type are introduced into the substrate wafer through the front surface of the substrate wafer, the dopant concentration in a layer which extends from the front surface of the substrate wafer into the substrate wafer being increased from the level n+ or p+ to the level n++ or p++, and an epitaxial layer is then deposited on this layer.

Abstract: The device is intended for the detection of a thread during the detection of the ends of threads (21) in suction pipe (17) crossflown by air, comprising a sensor device (22) having a transmitter (31) and a receiver (32) in a textile machine that produces cross-wound bobbins. A measuring field (26) is formed between the transmitter (31) and the receiver (32). The suction pipe has a curvature in the area of the measuring field (26). The measuring field (26) is arranged in the proximity of the smaller radius of the suction pipe (17), which has a recess (27) oriented in the running direction of the suction pipe (17) in order to form the measuring field (26). The suction pipe (17) is curved upstream and downstream of the measuring field (26) in such a way that the detected thread is tensed inside the recess (27) in such a manner that it is spaced at least partly from the bottom of the recess (27) in the measuring field (26), thereby making it possible to easily and reliably detect the thread.

Abstract: A system for determining a zero position of a yarn guide (25) of a textile winding device for cross-winding yarn into cheeses via a step motor (34). The yarn guide (25), acted upon by the step motor (34), is initially displaced in the direction of its zero position (NS) and positioned at a slow speed against a defined detent (15) downstream of the zero position (NS). Then, the step motor (34) is switched off, causing the rotor (41) of the step motor (34) to drop into one of two possible stop positions (RS1, RS2). Subsequently, the step motor (34) is switched on by an electrical current supply to its stator windings (20A, 20B) such that, when switched off, the rotor (41) of the step motor (34) is in the stop position (RS2) in which the yarn guide (25) is in its zero position (NS).

Abstract: A system for determining a zero position of a yarn guide (25) of a textile winding device for cross-winding yarn into cheeses via a step motor (34). The yarn guide (25), acted upon by the step motor (34), is initially displaced in the direction of its zero position (NS) and positioned at a slow speed against a defined detent (15) downstream of the zero position (NS). Then, the step motor (34) is switched off, causing the rotor (41) of the step motor (34) to drop into one of two possible stop positions (RS1, RS2). Subsequently, the step motor (34) is switched on by an electrical current supply to its stator windings (20A, 20B) such that, when switched off, the rotor (41) of the step motor (34) is in the stop position (RS2) in which the yarn guide (25) is in its zero position (NS).

Abstract: A semiconductor wafer is formed of a substrate wafer of single crystal silicon doped with dopant atoms of the n type or p type, with a front surface and a back surface, contains a layer deposited epitaxially on the front surface of the substrate wafer. The substrate wafer additionally includes an n++ or p++ doped layer, which extends from the front surface of the substrate wafer into the substrate wafer and has a defined thickness. The semiconductor wafer is produced by a process in which dopant atoms of the n type or p type are introduced into the substrate wafer through the front surface of the substrate wafer, the dopant concentration in a layer which extends from the front surface of the substrate wafer into the substrate wafer being increased from the level n+ or p+ to the level n++ or p++, and an epitaxial layer is then deposited on this layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for unpacking a stack of products packaged in a sleeve, such as a stack of covers for cans, for instance drink cans, having the steps of removing a portion of the sleeve located on a longitudinal end; peeling away the sleeve over the stack with a relative movement of the stack and the sleeve; and separately discharging the stack without the sleeve.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for unpacking a stack of products packaged in a sleeve, such as a stack of covers for cans, for instance drink cans, having the steps of removing a portion of the sleeve located on a longitudinal end; peeling away the sleeve over the stack with a relative movement of the stack and the sleeve; and separately discharging the stack without the sleeve.

Abstract: A diesel locomotive engine (10) having a combustion chamber (30) formed into the cylinder head (16) to have a diameter (D2) greater than the diameter (D1) of the cylinder liner (14). A piston (20) is disposed for reciprocating motion in the cylinder. The piston has a top wall (36) with a convex surface to form a generally ring-shaped combustion volume. A fuel injection nozzle (28) directs a flow of fuel into the combustion chamber in a direction generally along a radius of the generally ring-shaped combustion volume at a pressure of more than 1800 bar in one embodiment. A cooling passage (42) is formed in the cylinder head to remove heat energy, thereby reducing the production of the oxides of nitrogen during engine operation.

Abstract: An anti-polishing ring (143) formed to be integral with the cylinder head (132) of a diesel locomotive engine (120). A top portion (140) of a piston (128) of the engine is received by a skirt portion (142) of the cylinder head. The skirt portion has a diameter D4 that is greater than the piston diameter D3 but more than the diameter D1 of a cylinder liner (126). A coolant passage (148) may be formed in the cylinder head proximate the integral anti-polishing ring.

Abstract: A process for the production of an epitaxially coated semiconductor wafer, composed of a substrate wafer of monocrystalline silicon having a front side and a rear side, has at least one layer of semiconductor material which is epitaxially deposited on the front side of the substrate wafer and which is obtained by production of a heavily doped silicon monocrystal by crucible-free zone pulling, production of a substrate wafer having polished front side from the monocrystal and deposition of at least one epitaxial layer of semiconductor material on the front side of the substrate wafer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting data within a textile machine of the type having a central main power supply and many identical work or spinning stations is disclosed with the data being for controlling operational at independently operable work stations, particularly in open-end bobbin winding machines. A separate power supply is included for providing a buffer voltage for use at memories within the individual spinning station central units, with the power supply output being DC voltage at a predetermined level. The DC buffer voltage signal is modulated with the data for transmission to the work station, transmitted to the work station and demodulated thereat for use.

Abstract: A spinning machine for producing a thread includes a multiplicity of spinning stations at which sliver is spun into thread, each of the spinning stations including a thread-break sensor and a slubbing-stopping device connected to the sensor and released by an electrical current from the sensor for arresting the sliver after each thread break sensed by the sensor, each slubbing-stopping device including an electrical energy storage device, a charging circuit for the storage device, and a device for discharging the storage device for operating the slubbing-stopping device.

Abstract: A heating system for a building utilizing a heat pump having a condenser which is driven by an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine drives an additional aggregate, such as a brake, for the purpose of generating additional heat which is added to the main heat carrier in the heating network in the building. The circulating system for the additional heat generating aggregate is self-contained and separate from the heating network of the building.