Abstract: The present specification discloses modified anti-PD-L1 antibodies that abolishes Fc-related effector function and enhances clearance rate while maintaining therapeutic efficacy for neurodegenerative disease modification. The present specification also discloses nucleic acid sequences and expression constructs encoding such modified anti-PD-L1 antibodies as well as methods of making such modified anti-PD-L1 antibodies. In addition, the present specification discloses methods of treatment and uses that employ an administration regime of the disclosed anti-PD-L1 antibodies that ensures the antibodies are present for only a specific period of time and then are sufficiently cleared from the body to ensure treatment efficacy is maintained.

Abstract: The present specification discloses modified anti-PD-L1 antibodies that abolishes Fc-related effector function and enhances clearance rate while maintaining therapeutic efficacy for neurodegenerative disease modification. The present specification also discloses nucleic acid sequences and expression constructs encoding such modified anti-PD-L1 antibodies as well as methods of making such modified anti-PD-L1 antibodies. In addition, the present specification discloses methods of treatment and uses that employ an administration regime of the disclosed anti-PD-L1 antibodies that ensures the antibodies are present for only a specific period of time and then are sufficiently cleared from the body to ensure treatment efficacy is maintained.

Abstract: The present specification discloses modified anti-PD-L1 antibodies that abolishes Fc-related effector function and enhances clearance rate while maintaining therapeutic efficacy for neurodegenerative disease modification. The present specification also discloses nucleic acid sequences and expression constructs encoding such modified anti-PD-L1 antibodies as well as methods of making such modified anti-PD-L1 antibodies. In addition, the present specification discloses methods of treatment and uses that employ an administration regime of the disclosed anti-PD-L1 antibodies that ensures the antibodies are present for only a specific period of time and then are sufficiently cleared from the body to ensure treatment efficacy is maintained.

Abstract: A monocyte subpopulation having a low relative amount, or substantially devoid, of CD3+ cells, CD19+ cells, CD56+ cells and optionally CD16+ cells is provided, wherein the monocyte subpopulation is for use in inhibition of neuronal degeneration, protection of neurons from glutamate toxicity or promotion of nerve regeneration in the retina or optic nerve, wherein the retina or optic nerve is damaged by a disease, disorder or condition of the eye, or for treatment of an inflammatory disease, disorder or condition of the eye.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in which there is accumulation of misfolded and/or aggregated proteins, excluding prion diseases. In particular, the invention relates to treatment of the neurodegenerative diseases Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD), by administration of an agent selected from the group consisting of (i) Copolymer 1, (ii) a Copolymer 1-related peptide, (iii) a Copolymer 1-related polypeptide, and (iv) T cells activated with (i), (ii) or (iii).

Abstract: A monocyte subpopulation having a low relative amount, or substantially devoid, of CD3+ cells, CD19+ cells, CD56+ cells and optionally CD16+ cells is provided, wherein the monocyte subpopulation is for use in inhibition of neuronal degeneration, protection of neurons from glutamate toxicity or promotion of nerve regeneration in the retina or optic nerve, wherein the retina or optic nerve is damaged by a disease, disorder or condition of the eye, or for treatment of an inflammatory disease, disorder or condition of the eye.

Abstract: A subpopulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that is substantially devoid of CD3+ cells, CD19+ cells, CD56+ cells and optionally of CD16+ cells, for use in treatment of CNS injury is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for early diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and for determining the efficacy of a treatment for ALS in an ALS patient, i.e., monitoring ALS progression, utilizing cellular blood markers; as well as kits for carrying out these methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and for determining the efficacy of a treatment for Alzheimer's disease in an Alzheimer's patient, i.e., monitoring Alzheimer's disease progression, utilizing cellular blood markers; as well as kits for carrying out these methods.

Abstract: A subpopulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that is substantially devoid of CD3+ cells, CD19+ cells, CD56+ cells and optionally of CD16+ cells, for use in treatment of CNS injury is provided.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in which there is accumulation of misfolded and/or aggregated proteins, excluding prion diseases. In particular, the invention relates to treatment of the neurodegenerative diseases Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD), by administration of an agent selected from the group consisting of (i) Copolymer 1, (ii) a Copolymer 1-related peptide, (iii) a Copolymer 1-related polypeptide, and (iv) T cells activated with (i), (ii) or (iii).

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in which there is accumulation of misfolded and/or aggregated proteins, excluding prion diseases. In particular, the invention relates to treatment of the neurodegenerative diseases Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD), by administration of an agent selected from the group consisting of (i) Copolymer 1, (ii) a Copolymer 1-related peptide, (iii) a Copolymer 1-related polypeptide, and (iv) T cells activated with (i), (ii) or (iii).

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for early diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and for determining the efficacy of a treatment for ALS in an ALS patient, i.e., monitoring ALS progression, utilizing cellular blood markers; as well as kits for carrying out these methods.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in which there is accumulation of misfolded and/or aggregated proteins, excluding prion diseases. In particular, the invention relates to treatment of the neurodegenerative diseases Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD), by administration of an agent selected from the group consisting of (i) Copolymer 1, (ii) a Copolymer 1-related peptide, (iii) a Copolymer 1-related polypeptide, and (iv) T cells activated with (i), (ii) or (iii).

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for preventing or inhibiting neuronal degeneration, or for promoting nerve regeneration, in the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS), or for protecting nerves from glutamate toxicity, which comprises administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of the copolymer poly-Glu,Tyr.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in which there is accumulation of misfolded and/or aggregated proteins, excluding prion diseases. In particular, the invention relates to treatment of the neurodegenerative diseases Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD), by administration of an agent selected from the group consisting of (i) Copolymer 1, (ii) a Copolymer 1-related peptide, (iii) a Copolymer 1-related polypeptide, and (iv) T cells activated with (i), (ii) or (iii).

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for preventing or inhibiting neuronal degeneration, or for promoting nerve regeneration, in the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS), or for protecting CNS cells from glutamate toxicity, comprising an effective amount of an agent selected from the group consisting of (a) poly-Glu,Tyr and (b) T cells which have been activated by poly-Glue,Tyr.

Abstract: Compositions and methods to promote nerve regeneration or to confer neuroprotection and prevent or inhibit neuronal degeneration within the nervous system, either the central nervous system or the peripheral nervous system, are provided. Treatment involves administering NS-specific activated T cells, or an NS-specific antigen or analog thereof, a peptide derived therefrom or an analog or derivative of said peptide, or a nucleotide sequence encoding said antigen or peptide, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for preventing or inhibiting neuronal degeneration, or for promoting nerve regeneration, in the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS), or for protecting nerves from glutamate toxicity, which comprises administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of the copolymer poly-Glu,Tyr.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for preventing or inhibiting neuronal degeneration, or for promoting nerve regeneration, in the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS), or for protecting CNS cells from glutamate toxicity, comprising an effective amount of an agent selected from the group consisting of (a) poly-Glu,Tyr and (b) T cells which have been activated by poly-Glue,Tyr.