Abstract: Hydrocarbon polymers such as ethylene copolymers may be reacted with unsaturated nitrogen-containing monomers or unsaturated carboxylic acids in a synthetic hydrocarbon lubricating oil in the presence of a free radical initiator such as a peroxide. The copolymer grafted directly with the nitrogen-containing monomers may be utilized as an additive for oil compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions as a V.I.-dispersant additive. The polymer reacted with carboxylic acid may be further reacted with amines or amino-alcohols to also form a multifunctional V.I.-dispersant additive.

Abstract: Oil-soluble spiro-[cycloalkane-oxazolidines], e.g. spiro-[cyclopentane-1,2-(4'-ethyl-4'-methylol)-oxazolidines-1', 3'] which are the reaction products of a cycloalkanone and an amino-propane monool or diol are additives which feature activity in functional fluids, e.g. mineral oil base automatic transmission fluids, as copper corrosion inhibitors and as chelating agents.

Abstract: Oil-soluble 4-alkyl mono or 5-alkyl bicyclic oxazolidines, e.g. 1-aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0] octanes which are the reaction products of an aldehyde and an amino propane monol or diol are additives which feature activity in functional fluids, e.g. mineral oil base automatic transmission fluids, as copper alloy corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: Oil-soluble 2 and/or 8 alkyl substituted 1-aza-3, 7-dioxabicyclo [3.3.0] oct-5-yl methyl alcohols which are the reaction products of an aldehyde and tris [hydroxy-methyl] aminomethane (THAM) are mineral oil additives which feature activity in automatic transmission fluid as copper alloy corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: This invention relates to a hydrocarbon-soluble sulfur-nitrogen compound resulting from the reaction of a dialkyl-4-hydroxy benzyl thiocyanate and a C.sub.12 --C.sub.24 alkyl primary amine which compounds have utility as multifunctional, i.e. antioxidation, antiwear, extreme pressure and lubricity modification, additive for fuels and lubricants.

Abstract: A dispersant or dispersant mixture that is useful in fuel and lubricant compositions, and that is characterized by its derivation from a long chain dicarboxylic acid material and an amino alcohol, is stabilized against oxidation by sulfurization by reaction with sulfur or with a sulfur compound selected from the group consisting of carbon disulfide, sulfides of phosphorus including P.sub.2 S.sub.5 and P.sub.4 S.sub.3, and phosphosulfurized olefins. More particularly, the dispersant so treated will usually comprise a mono or bis-oxazoline prepared by reaction of a hydrocarbyl-substituted C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid or anhydride or ester thereof, having at least 50 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl group, with a 2,2-disubstituted 2-amino-1-alkanol that has from two to three hydroxy groups and that contains from 4 to 8 total carbon atoms.

Abstract: Methylol polyester derivatives of C.sub.12 -C.sub.22 hydrocarbon substituted succinic anhydride or acid which are the equimolar reaction products of said C.sub.12 -C.sub.22 hydrocarbon substituted succinic anhydride or acid and a cyclic poly(methylol) compound provide activity: in fuels as rust inhibitors; in automatic transmission fluids as copper corrosion inhibitors; and, in automotive, industrial and lubricating oils as sludge dispersants, rust-inhibitors, friction reducers (lubricity agents) and copper alloy corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: Alkylene glycol esters of carboxylate half esters of 1-aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0] oct-5-yl methyl alcohols which are the reaction products of organic acid materials, preferably long chain dicarboxylic anhydrides such as octadecenyl and polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydrides and aldehyde/tris [hydroxymethyl] aminomethane (THAM) adducts or mixtures are friction reducing additives for liquid hydrocarbons, such as gasoline middle distillates and lubricants.

Abstract: A molybdenum complex of a lactone oxazoline dispersant, preferably an oil-soluble lactone oxazoline obtained as a reaction product of hydrocarbyl substituted lactone carboxylic acids, for example, polybutyl lactone carboxylic acid, with 2,2-disubstituted-2-amino-1-alkanols, such as tris-(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (THAM), and their derivatives are useful additives in lubricating oils since both the sludge dispersant and antifriction properties of said oil are enhanced.

Abstract: Amine salts of carboxylate half esters of 1-aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo [3.3.0] oct-5-yl methyl alcohols which are the reaction products of organic acid materials, preferably long chain dicarboxylic anhydrides such as octadecenyl and polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydrides and aldehyde/tris [hydroxymethyl]aminomethane (THAM) adducts or mixtures are anti-rust additives for hydrocarbon fuels, such as gasoline and middle distillates.

Abstract: Borated derivatives of: (a) hydrocarbyl substituted mono- and bis-oxazolines obtained as a reaction product of hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid, ester, or anhydride, for example, polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride with from 1 to 2 molar equivalents of a 2,2-disubstituted-2-amino-1-alkanols, such as tris-(hydroxymethylamino)methane (THAM); and, (b) lactone oxazolines obtained as a reaction product of hydrocarbyl substituted lactone carboxylic acids, for example, polybutyl lactone carboxylic acid, with 2,2-disubstituted-2-amino-1-alkanols, such as tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THAM), and their derivatives are useful additives in lubricating oils since both the sludge dispersant and/or varnish inhibiting properties of said oil are enhanced.