Abstract: A novel silver-lithium-iodine solid-state energy device and system are disclosed. The rechargeable, self-assembled, dual-function, metal-iodide battery exhibits small size and high deliverable power. Inert until activation, the device may be stored for long periods of time. Upon activation, the device assembles the required electrochemical moieties for operation without external intervention. The device limits short-circuiting and self-discharge of the system by spontaneous reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interfaces, and thus is self-healing. By incorporating both silver and lithium in the same system, a dual function is achieved, whereby the characteristics of a lithium-based battery dominate at a low load and those of a silver-based battery dominate under a high load.

Abstract: A method of preparing a composition for use as a cathode that combines two different cathode materials is disclosed. When utilized in a battery, one cathode material is rechargeable, and the second cathode material has a high capacity with a lower voltage than the first cathode material. The active materials may be combined in several fashions including mixing, layering, deposition, coating, and/or patterning. Such batteries can be tested repeatedly over a specific voltage range and provide high capacity under full discharge at deployment.

Abstract: Bimetallic polyanionic materials, such as silver vanadium phosphorus oxide (Ag2VO2PO4, SVOP), are promising cathode materials for Li batteries due in part to their large capacity and high current capability. A new synthesis of Ag2VO2PO4 based on microwave heating is disclosed, where the reaction time is reduced by approximately 100 times relative to other reported methods, and the crystallite size is controlled via synthesis temperature, showing a linear positive correlation of crystallite size with temperature. Reaction times of an hour or less are sufficient to render phase-pure material after reaction at 50° C. to 180° C., significantly lower than the temperatures reported for other methods. Crystallite sizes between 42 nm and 60 nm are achieved by the novel method, smaller than by other methods. Silver/vanadium atomic ratios of 1.96 to 2.04 in the as-synthesized SVOP result and appear temperature-dependent.

Abstract: One or more embodiments relates to a solvent that includes a first fluorinated ester, a diluent, a salt. One or more embodiments may include a film-forming additive. The diluent may include a second fluorinated ester or a fluorinated ether. Further, the solvent to diluent ratio is from about 1:0.2 to about 1:10.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing an electrode material for lithium ion batteries from Fe3O4 nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) to yield (Fe3O4-NWNTs) composite heterostructures. The method includes linking the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes using a ?-? interaction synthesis process to yield the composite heterostructure electrode material. Since Fe3O4 has an intermediate voltage, it can be considered an anode (when paired with a higher voltage material) or a cathode (when paired with a lower voltage material).

Abstract: A method of fabricating nanocomposite anode material embodying a lithium titanate (LTO)-multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composite intended for use in a lithium-ion battery includes providing multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNTs), including nanotube surfaces, onto which functional oxygenated carboxylic acid moieties are arranged, generating 3D flower-like, lithium titanate (LTO) microspheres, including thin nanosheets and anchoring the acid-functionalized MWNTs onto surfaces of the 3D LTO microspheres by ?-? interaction strategy to realize the nanocomposite anode material.

Abstract: An anode configured for fast charging a lithium-ion battery includes an anode substrate and a coating provided on a surface of the anode substrate for increasing an overpotential of Li metal to inhibit Li metal plating during extreme fast charging a lithium-ion battery fabricated with the anode. The anode is fabricated by a process of applying a coating to the anode substrate surface that comprises a nanolayer of Cu, or a nanolayer of Ni or a composite nanolayer of Cu and Ni.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, and especially electrochemical energy storage devices where an electroactive moiety is chemically attached to a conductive polymer In particular, the invention relates to the design and fabrication of electrodes for the use in electrochemical storage devices having an electrochemically active conjugate. The electrochemically active conjugate preferably has an electroactive moiety selected from electroactive metal center, an electroactive organic species, or an electroactive non-metal species. Depending on the selected electroactive moiety, it can be attached either directly or through an appropriate linker to the conductive polymer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating nanocomposite anode material embodying a lithium titanate (LTO)-multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composite intended for use in a lithium-ion battery includes providing multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNTs), including nanotube surfaces, onto which functional oxygenated carboxylic acid moieties are arranged, generating 3D flower-like, lithium titanate (LTO) microspheres, including thin nanosheets and anchoring the acid-functionalized MWNTs onto surfaces of the 3D LTO microspheres by ?-? interaction strategy to realize the nanocomposite anode material.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, and especially electrochemical energy storage devices including electrolytes comprising an ionic liquid, one or more solvents, and one or more salts of a Group 2 element. Effects on electrochemical performance of the electrolyte of each of the components of the electrolyte were systematically determined. In addition, interactions between the electrolytes and separator films were dissected to optimize electrochemical performance of coin cell batteries.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, and especially electrochemical energy storage devices including electrolytes comprising an ionic liquid, one or more solvents, and one or more salts of a Group 2 element. Effects on electrochemical performance of the electrolyte of each of the components of the electrolyte were systematically determined. In addition, interactions between the electrolytes and separator films were dissected to optimize electrochemical performance of coin cell batteries.

Abstract: A method of fabricating nanocomposite anode material embodying a lithium titanate (LTO)-multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composite intended for use in a lithium-ion battery includes providing multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNTs), including nanotube surfaces, onto which functional oxygenated carboxylic acid moieties are arranged, generating 3D flower-like, lithium titanate (LTO) microspheres, including thin nanosheets and anchoring the acid-functionalized MWNTs onto surfaces of the 3D LTO microspheres by ?-? interaction strategy to realize the nanocomposite anode material.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing an electrode material for lithium ion batteries from Fe3O4 nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) to yield (Fe3O4-NWNTs) composite heterostructures. The method includes linking the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes using a ?-? interaction synthesis process to yield the composite heterostructure electrode material. Since Fe3O4 has an intermediate voltage, it can be considered an anode (when paired with a higher voltage material) or a cathode (when paired with a lower voltage material).

Abstract: Bimetallic polyanionic materials, such as silver vanadium phosphorus oxide (Ag2VO2PO4, SVOP), are promising cathode materials for Li batteries due in part to their large capacity and high current capability. A new synthesis of Ag2VO2PO4 based on microwave heating is disclosed, where the reaction time is reduced by approximately 100 times relative to other reported methods, and the crystallite size is controlled via synthesis temperature, showing a linear positive correlation of crystallite size with temperature. Reaction times of an hour or less are sufficient to render phase-pure material after reaction at 50° C. to 180° C., significantly lower than the temperatures reported for other methods. Crystallite sizes between 42 nm and 60 nm are achieved by the novel method, smaller than by other methods. Silver/vanadium atomic ratios of 1.96 to 2.04 in the as-synthesized SVOP result and appear temperature-dependent.

Abstract: A novel silver-lithium-iodine solid-state energy device and system are disclosed. The rechargeable, self-assembled, dual-function, metal-iodide battery exhibits small size and high deliverable power. Inert until activation, the device may be stored for long periods of time. Upon activation, the device assembles the required electrochemical moieties for operation without external intervention. The device limits short-circuiting and self-discharge of the system by spontaneous reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interfaces, and thus is self-healing. By incorporating both silver and lithium in the same system, a dual function is achieved, whereby the characteristics of a lithium-based battery dominate at a low load and those of a silver-based battery dominate under a high load.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, and especially electrochemical energy storage devices including electrolytes comprising an ionic liquid, one or more solvents, and one or more salts of a Group 2 element. Effects on electrochemical performance of the electrolyte of each of the components of the electrolyte were systematically determined. In addition, interactions between the electrolytes and separator films were dissected to optimize electrochemical performance of coin cell batteries.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, and especially electrochemical energy storage devices where an electroactive moiety is chemically attached to a conductive polymer In particular, the invention relates to the design and fabrication of electrodes for the use in electrochemical storage devices having an electrochemically active conjugate. The electrochemically active conjugate preferably has an electroactive moiety selected from electroactive metal center, an electroactive organic species, or an electroactive non-metal species. Depending on the selected electroactive moiety, it can be attached either directly or through an appropriate linker to the conductive polymer.

Abstract: The current invention describes a lithium/carbon monofluoride (Li/CFx) cell capable of delivering sufficient power to supply an ICD or similar demanding device. The cell exhibits the typical excellent long-term stability and predictability of the CFx system, as well as its high energy density (greater than about 300 Ah/cc, greater than about 600 Wh/cc). Additionally, the cell is capable of delivering about 0.5 W/cc of cathode volume for greater than 5 seconds with a voltage above 1.70 V (FIG. 1). The following invention embodiments can be applied individually or in conjunction with each other.

Abstract: A method of making electrodes with distributed material loadings used in rechargeable electrochemical cells and batteries is described. This method controls electrode material loading (mass per unit area) along the electrode's length while maintaining uniform compaction throughout the electrode. Such prepared electrode maintain sufficient mechanical flexibility for winding and are compact and robust to have high energy density and long cycle life in rechargeable cells and batteries.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell comprising a lithium anode, a cathode comprising a blank cut from a free-standing sheet of a silver vanadium oxide mixture contacted to a current collector. The active material has having a relatively lower surface area and an electrolyte activating the anode and the cathode is described. By optimizing the cathode active material surface area in a SVO-containing cell, the magnitude of the passivating film growth at the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) and its relative impermeability to lithium ion diffusion is reduced. Therefore, by using a cathode of an active material, in a range of from about 0.2 m2/gram to about 2.6 m2/gram, and preferably from about 1.6 m2/gram to about 2.4 m2/gram, it is possible to eliminate or significantly reduce undesirable irreversible Rdc growth and voltage delay in the cell and to extend its useful life in an implantable medical device.