Abstract: A method of making a disordered rock salt cathode material for lithium-ion batteries includes performing combustion synthesis with an aqueous solution of metal-containing compounds. The method may include a two-stage process having a first stage followed by a second stage. The first stage includes performing combustion synthesis to obtain a metal oxide precursor. The second stage includes one or more of lithiating, fluorinating, and annealing the metal oxide precursor to obtain a disordered rock salt (DRX) oxide or oxyfluoride. The obtained disordered rock salt (DRX) may have a chemical composition Li1+xMnyTM1-x-yO2-zFz wherein 0?x?0.3, 0.4?y?1, 0?z?0.3, and TM is one or more transition metals selected from a group of Ti, Zr, Mo, Nb, and V. A lithium-ion battery cathode including a disordered rock salt cathode material and a lithium-ion battery including the lithium-ion battery cathode are also provided.

Abstract: A sodium thiophosphate composition and method of making the composition are provided. The composition includes a mixture of Na2S, S, and a thiophosphate compound dissolved in an aprotic solvent to form a solvated complex. The solvated complex has a nominal chemical formula Na2PxSy, in which 0.1?x?10 and 1?y<30. A sodium thiophosphate catholyte for nonaqueous redox flow batteries and a nonaqueous redox flow battery including the sodium thiophosphate catholyte are also provided. The sodium thiophosphate catholyte includes the sodium thiophosphate composition.

Abstract: A cathode for a lithium battery includes LiNi0.5-x/2Mn0.5-x/2MxO2 where M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Mo, Ti, Cr, Zr and V, and x is between 0.005-0.02. The LiNi0.5-x/2Mn0.5-x/2MxO2 can be coated with Mn2P2O7. The Mn2P2O7 can be 1-3 wt. %, based on the total weight of the LiNi0.5-x/2Mn0.5-x/2MxO2 and Mn2P2O7. A cathode composition, a lithium battery, and a method of making a lithium battery are also disclosed.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte (SE) composition comprising a homogeneous blend of lithium thiophosphate particles and a polyalkylene oxide, wherein the lithium thiophosphate particles have the formula xLi2S.(1?x)P2S5 wherein x is a value within a range of 0.5-0.9, and wherein said polyalkylene oxide is present in an amount of 0.1-10 wt % of the solid electrolyte. Also described herein is a solid-state lithium-based battery comprising: a) an anode; (b) a cathode; and c) the SE composition described above. Further described herein is a method for producing the SE composition, comprising: (i) homogeneously mixing Li2S, P2S5, a polyalkylene oxide, and a solvent to form a liquid solution or liquid homogeneous dispersion, and (ii) heating the liquid solution or liquid homogeneous dispersion produced in step (i) to remove the solvent and produce the SE composition.

Abstract: A battery includes a redox flow anode chamber coupled to an anode current collector, a separator, and an external container in fluid connection with the redox flow anode chamber. The external container has therein a solid phosphorus material. A first redox-active mediator and the second redox-active mediator are circulated through the half-cell electrode chamber and the external container. During a charging cycle the first redox-active mediator is reduced at the current collector electrode and the reduced first mediator reduces the phosphorus material, and wherein during a discharging cycle the second redox-active mediator is oxidized at the anode current collector electrode, and the second redox-active mediator is then reduced by the reduced phosphorus material. A method of operating a battery and a method of making a battery are also discussed.

Abstract: A cathode for a lithium battery includes LiNi0.5-x/2Mn0.5-x/2MxO2 where M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Mo, Ti, Cr, Zr and V, and x is between 0.005-0.02. The LiNi0.5-x/2Mn0.5-x/2MxO2 can be coated with Mn2P2O7. The Mn2P2O7 can be 1-3 wt. %, based on the total weight of the LiNi0.5-x/2Mn0.5-x/2 MxO2 and Mn2P2O7. A cathode composition, a lithium battery, and a method of making a lithium battery are also disclosed.

Abstract: A battery includes a redox flow anode chamber coupled to an anode current collector, a separator, and an external container in fluid connection with the redox flow anode chamber. The external container has therein a solid phosphorus material. A first redox-active mediator and the second redox-active mediator are circulated through the half-cell electrode chamber and the external container. During a charging cycle the first redox-active mediator is reduced at the current collector electrode and the reduced first mediator reduces the phosphorus material, and wherein during a discharging cycle the second redox-active mediator is oxidized at the anode current collector electrode, and the second redox-active mediator is then reduced by the reduced phosphorus material. A method of operating a battery and a method of making a battery are also discussed.