Abstract: The invention pertains to processes for separating water from air. The processes may employ using an LCST solution with or without subsequent reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, or ultrafiltration.

Abstract: The present application pertains to liquid-liquid phase transition compositions and processes. In one embodiment a liquid-liquid phase transition process comprises first forming a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water and then phase transitioning the composition at or above the composition's cloud point temperature to form at least two liquid phases. The enthalpy of liquid-liquid phase transition may be greater than 5 kJ per kg as measured by a calorimeter and each liquid phase may have unique and advantageous properties. In another embodiment the application pertains to compositions suitable for liquid-liquid phase transition compositions.

Abstract: The application pertains to, for example, novel processes and systems for heat transfer, refrigeration, energy storage, and various cooling and heating processes. Such processes may include cooling or mixing various liquid-liquid phase transition liquids to release and/or energy. Additionally or alternatively, such processes may include charging and/or discharging thermal storage reservoirs with layered liquids of various temperatures.

Abstract: The present application pertains to liquid-liquid phase transition compositions and processes. In one embodiment a liquid-liquid phase transition process comprises first forming a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water and then phase transitioning the composition at or above the composition's cloud point temperature to form at least two liquid phases. The enthalpy of liquid-liquid phase transition may be greater than 5 kJ per kg as measured by a calorimeter and each liquid phase may have unique and advantageous properties. In another embodiment the application pertains to compositions suitable for liquid-liquid phase transition compositions.

Abstract: The application pertains to, for example, novel processes and systems for heat transfer, refrigeration, energy storage, and various cooling and heating processes. Such processes may include cooling or mixing various liquid-liquid phase transition liquids to release and/or energy. Additionally or alternatively, such processes may include charging and/or discharging thermal storage reservoirs with layered liquids of various temperatures.

Abstract: The application pertains to, for example, novel processes and systems for heat transfer, refrigeration, energy storage, and various cooling and heating processes. Such processes may include cooling or mixing various liquid-liquid phase transition liquids to release and/or energy. Additionally or alternatively, such processes may include charging and/or discharging thermal storage reservoirs with layered liquids of various temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to systems, methods, and compositions for liquid phase change, including for active cloud point, e.g., critical solution temperature, adjustment and heating or cooling, e.g., refrigeration, cycles. In some embodiments heat is absorbed, released or both due to phase changes in a liquid system. Advantageously, the phase changes may be controlled by controlling the ingredients or amounts of certain components of the liquid system. Advantages may include lower capital expenditures, lower operating expenses, or both for a diverse and wide range of heating and cooling applications. Such applications include, for example, cooling of data centers, cooled transportation of goods, refrigeration, heat pumps, extractions, ocean thermal energy conversion, and de-icing of roads to name just a few.

Abstract: The present application pertains to methods for making alkali hydroxide, or alkali carbonates, or alkali bicarbonates, or alkaline-earth sulfates. In one embodiment, a material comprising an alkaline earth is converted to an alkaline earth sulfite or bisulfite and reacted with an alkali sulfate to form an alkaline earth sulfate and alkali sulfite or bisulfite. The alkali sulfite or bisulfite is converted into an alkali hydroxide, or an alkali carbonate, or an alkali bicarbonate. In another embodiment, ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is reacted with an alkali sulfate, to form ammonium sulfate and an alkali carbonate or alkali bicarbonate. A material comprising an alkaline earth is converted to an alkaline earth sulfite or bisulfite and reacted with the ammonium sulfate to form an alkaline earth sulfate and ammonium sulfite or ammonium bisulfite. The ammonium sulfite or bisulfite is regenerated into ammonia, or ammonium hydroxide, or ammonium carbonate, or ammonium bicarbonate.

Abstract: The present application pertains to methods for making alkali hydroxide, or alkali carbonates, or alkali bicarbonates, or alkaline—earth sulfates. In one embodiment, a material comprising an alkaline earth is converted to an alkaline earth sulfite or bisulfite and reacted with an alkali sulfate to form an alkaline earth sulfate and alkali sulfite or bisulfite. The alkali sulfite or bisulfite is converted into an alkali hydroxide, or an alkali carbonate, or an alkali bicarbonate. In another embodiment, ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is reacted with an alkali sulfate, to form ammonium sulfate and an alkali carbonate or alkali bicarbonate. A material comprising an alkaline earth is converted to an alkaline earth sulfite or bisulfite and reacted with the ammonium sulfate to form an alkaline earth sulfate and ammonium sulfite or ammonium bisulfite. The ammonium sulfite or bisulfite is regenerated into ammonia, or ammonium hydroxide, or ammonium carbonate, or ammonium bicarbonate.

Abstract: The present application pertains to methods for making alkali hydroxide, or alkali carbonates, or alkali bicarbonates, or alkaline—earth sulfates. In one embodiment, a material comprising an alkaline earth is converted to an alkaline earth sulfite or bisulfite and reacted with an alkali sulfate to form an alkaline earth sulfate and alkali sulfite or bisulfite. The alkali sulfite or bisulfite is converted into an alkali hydroxide, or an alkali carbonate, or an alkali bicarbonate. In another embodiment, ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is reacted with an alkali sulfate, to form ammonium sulfate and an alkali carbonate or alkali bicarbonate. A material comprising an alkaline earth is converted to an alkaline earth sulfite or bisulfite and reacted with the ammonium sulfate to form an alkaline earth sulfate and ammonium sulfite or ammonium bisulfite. The ammonium sulfite or bisulfite is regenerated into ammonia, or ammonium hydroxide, or ammonium carbonate, or ammonium bicarbonate.

Abstract: The present application pertains to systems and methods for storing and generating power. In one embodiment the system pertains to a first storage reservoir near the surface of a body of water and configured to store a fluid which has a lower density than water. A second storage reservoir is located below the surface of the body of water and configured to store a fluid which has a higher density than water. A pump, generator, and the first and second reservoir are operatively connected such that power is stored by displacing the fluid which has a higher density than water in the second storage reservoir by pumping the fluid which has a lower density than water in the first storage reservoir to the second storage reservoir. Power is generated or discharged by allowing the fluid which has a lower density than water in the second storage reservoir to return to the first storage reservoir. The fluid which has a higher density than water may be in liquid form.

Abstract: The present application pertains to liquid-liquid phase transition compositions and processes. In one embodiment a liquid-liquid phase transition process comprises first forming a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water and then phase transitioning the composition at or above the composition's cloud point temperature to form at least two liquid phases. The enthalpy of liquid-liquid phase transition may be greater than 5 kJ per kg as measured by a calorimeter and each liquid phase may have unique and advantageous properties. In another embodiment the application pertains to compositions suitable for liquid-liquid phase transition compositions.

Abstract: The application pertains to, for example, novel processes and systems for heat transfer, refrigeration, energy storage, and various cooling and heating processes. Such processes may include cooling or mixing various liquid-liquid phase transition liquids to release and/or energy. Additionally or alternatively, such processes may include charging and/or discharging thermal storage reservoirs with layered liquids of various temperatures.

Abstract: The application pertains to, for example, novel processes and systems for heat transfer, refrigeration, energy storage, and various cooling and heating processes. Such processes may include cooling or mixing various liquid-liquid phase transition liquids to release and/or energy. Additionally or alternatively, such processes may include charging and/or discharging thermal storage reservoirs with layered liquids of various temperatures.

Abstract: The present application pertains to novel methods to generate power. In a representative embodiment, power is generated by warming a body of air having a temperature lower than the freezing point of liquid water by contacting the body of air with liquid water. The liquid water has a temperature greater than the freezing point of liquid water. Liquid water freezes thereby generating latent heat from freezing and thereby warming the body of air. The warmed body of air may be passed through an air turbine to generate power. Other methods and systems are described that use similar principles.

Abstract: The present application pertains to novel methods to generate power. In a representative embodiment, power is generated by warming a body of air having a temperature lower than the freezing point of liquid water by contacting the body of air with liquid water. The liquid water has a temperature greater than the freezing point of liquid water. Liquid water freezes thereby generating latent heat from freezing and thereby warming the body of air. The warmed body of air may be passed through an air turbine to generate power. Other methods and systems are described that use similar principles.

Abstract: The present application pertains to systems and methods for storing and generating power. In one embodiment the system pertains to a first storage reservoir near the surface of a body of water and configured to store a fluid which has a lower density than water. A second storage reservoir is located below the surface of the body of water and configured to store a fluid which has a higher density than water. A pump, generator, and the first and second reservoir are operatively connected such that power is stored by displacing the fluid which has a higher density than water in the second storage reservoir by pumping the fluid which has a lower density than water in the first storage reservoir to the second storage reservoir. Power is generated or discharged by allowing the fluid which has a lower density than water in the second storage reservoir to return to the first storage reservoir. The fluid which has a higher density than water may be in liquid form.

Abstract: The invention pertains to processes for separating gases, acid gas, hydrocarbons, air gases, or combinations thereof. The processes may employ using a liquid phase cloud point with or without subsequent liquid-liquid separation. In some embodiments membranes can be employed with reverse osmosis to regenerate a solvent and/or an antisolvent. In some embodiments thermal switching phase changes may be employed during absorption or desorption to facilitate separation.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for producing captured carbon dioxide. Calcium carbonate may be reacted with sulfur dioxide to produce calcium sulfite and gaseous carbon dioxide. Calcium sulfite may be thermally decomposed to produce gaseous sulfur dioxide. The processes may be used in conjunction with combusting various fuels such as a carbonaceous fuel, or a sulfurous fuel, or a nitrogenous fuel, or a hydrogen fuel, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The invention pertains to processes for separating gases, acid gas, hydrocarbons, air gases, or combinations thereof. The processes may employ using a liquid phase cloud point with or without subsequent liquid-liquid separation. In some embodiments membranes can be employed with reverse osmosis to regenerate a solvent and/or an antisolvent. In some embodiments thermal switching phase changes may be employed during absorption or desorption to facilitate separation.