Abstract: The invention provides a thin-film heater having a high heat-resisting property and a high resistivity and suitable for low power consumption and for a compact and fine structure, and a method of manufacturing this thin-film heater. A thin-film heater contains a tungsten film formed on a substrate, and this tungsten film generates heat when a current is supplied to this tungsten film. The tungsten film is formed by an RF sputtering method, and is constructed of tungsten having peaks at approximately 36 degrees, 40 degrees and 44 degrees in Bragg angle 2&thgr; of X-ray diffraction.

Abstract: An ink jet print head suitable for high-density printing. The ink jet print head comprises a plurality of nozzles for ejecting an ink, ink chambers, for passage and pressurization of the ink, communicating with the nozzles, and pressurizing means for creating a change in volume of the ink in the ink chamber to eject the ink through the nozzles. The ink chamber comprises a base plate member comprised of a transparent substrate having a predetermined form and dimension, a base wall member made of a material impermeable to light, the base wall member being provided above the base plate member in a pattern form according to the form of the ink chamber, and a partitioning member provided, above the base plate member, in areas not occupied by the base wall member. The partitioning member is formed from a partitioning member-forming, photosensitive material by photolithography using the base wall member pattern as a mask. A process of producing the above ink jet head is also disclosed.

Abstract: An ink jet print head suitable for high-density printing. The ink jet print head comprises a plurality of nozzles for ejecting an ink, ink chambers, for passage and pressurization of the ink, communicating with the nozzles, and pressurizing means for creating a change in volume of the ink in the ink chamber to eject the ink through the nozzles. The ink chamber comprises a base plate member comprised of a transparent substrate having a predetermined form and dimension, a base wall member made of a material impermeable to light, the base wall member being provided above the base plate member in a pattern form according to the form of the ink chamber, and a partitioning member provided, above the base plate member, in areas not occupied by the base wall member. The partitioning member is formed from a partitioning member-forming, photosensitive material by photolithography using the base wall member pattern as a mask. A process of producing the above ink jet head is also disclosed.

Abstract: A matrix display panel comprising a plurality of liquid crystal display elements. Each liquid crystal display element is connected to a plurality of diode rings which are connected in series between a scanning electrode and a data electrode. Each diode ring comprises a pair of diodes of opposite polarity which are connected in parallel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having a color filter comprises a liquid crystal shutter device, at least one color filter layer formed on one surface of the liquid crystal shutter device, and at least one diffusion preventing layer for protecting the color filter layer. The color filter layer is prepared by a photolithographic process comprising the steps of forming a layer being colored of gelatin and the like on one surface of the liquid crystal shutter device, coating a photoresist layer thereon, while illuminating the liquid crystal shutter device by white light from the other surface thereof, applying a voltage to the selected opposed surface thereof, applying a voltage to the selected opposed electrode groups to form a latent image in alignment with the electrode groups by a photochemical action, developing the latent image to form a photomask, and while using this mask as a guide, coloring the layer being colored.

Abstract: An "active matrix" type of liquid crystal matrix display panel, in which diodes are employed as switching elements coupled to each liquid crystal display element, photo-sensing elements such as photo-diodes are formed upon the display panel to enable data input to the panel by variation of the electrical characteristics of the photo-sensing elements by selectively varying the level of light incident thereon. The photo-sensing elements, when composed of photo-diodes, can be formed during the same manufacturing process and in the same manufacturing steps as those in which the diode switching elements are formed, so that no appreciable increase in manufacturing cost is entailed by adding such a data input function.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal color display panel comprising a color filter layer superposed on one surface of a liquid crystal shutter device for transmitting or intercepting light by the application of a voltage across electrode groups. This color filter layer is formed of photosensitive emulsion layers which are sensitive to specific color light respectively and provided on a transparent plate. While illuminating the liquid crystal shutter device from the other surface thereof by specific color light sequentially. The voltage is applied across selected opposed electrode groups to form latent images in alignment with the positions of the electrode groups. Then, the latent images are developed to produce colors. In this manner, filter layers are made in alignment with the shutter device.

Abstract: A lubricant film which prevents galling or sliding metal surfaces comprising: a solid lubricant comprising 60-80% wt % of MoS.sub.2 or MoS.sub.2 +graphite; a lubricant additive comprising at least one component which comprises 10-30% wt % of Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3, Fe powder Zn powder or Ag powder; and an organic binder comprising 3-15% by weight of at least one component selected from the group consisting of epoxy ester resin, acrylic resin and urea resin.

Abstract: A thin corrosion protective film of an iron oxide can be formed on the inner surface of a condenser tube made of a copper alloy by first applying on the inner surface a thin layer of an acidic suspension containing iron powder and then exposing the thus-coated inner surface to an atmosphere of an oxidizing gas. The above method can be carried out in a relatively short period of time and also in a relatively simple fashion. The resultant protective film is uniform and hardly reduces the thermal conductivity of the condenser tube, thus ideal as a protective film for condenser tubes of a heat exchanger.

Abstract: Biphenyl or nucleus-substituted biphenyl can be prepared from benzene or nucleus-substituted benzene and oxygen or oxygen-containing gas in one step according to an equation ##SPC1##Wherein X is H, lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms Cl, NO.sub.2, or lower alkoxy having 1 - 3 carbon atoms and Y is H or CH.sub.3, with excellent yield by heating the reactants in the presence, as a catalyst, of palladium or a palladium compound and sulfuric acid or sulfuric acid and a lower saturated fatty acid added to the reaction system and further in the presence or in the absence of an alkali metal salt.