Abstract: An EET (“eight-to-ten”) method has been proposed for two-dimensional spatial encoding of information stored in two- or three-dimensional, in particular fluorescent optical carriers. The method specifically ensures the same writing density as DVD carriers with EFM (“eight-fourteen modulation”) modulation code but for 0.8×0.4 &mgr; information pit (fluorescent mark), i.e. as in CD data carriers. The larger—as compared to the DVD format—pit size enables a simpler technology for manufacturing fluorescent multilayer carriers, for instance of ROM type, and a stronger fluorescent signal in reading. The high writing density is ensured through virtually 100% filling of the information layer area with fluorescent marks in a gap-free manner. In addition, this allows application of the parallel data reading procedure and a ten-fold higher reading speed than in DVD systems. Increasing the size of the channel bit to 0.4 &mgr;m—which is 1.

Abstract: In a multilayer recordable optical medium, each recording layer includes a luminophore that fluoresces under reading laser light and a quencher capable of quenching the luminophore fluorescence. Initially, the luminophore and the quencher are not intermixed, so that the default state of the luminophore is fluorescent. During writing, focused writing radiation heats a spot in the medium so as to cause the luminophore and the quencher to be intermixed, thereby quenching the fluorescence.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a multi-layer optical information carrier with fluorescence reading/recording is presented. A structure is fabricated, being formed of a substrate carrying a fluorescent film on one or both surfaces thereof, wherein the substrate is transparent with respect to incident radiation used for the fluorescence reading/recording. A patterned structure is applied to the fluorescent film under predetermined process conditions, such as to produce a fluorescent patterned structure with a surface relief in the form of an array of discrete fluorescent regions. The same procedure is repeated a required number of times, so as to obtain at the end of the process a multi-layer optical information carrier.

Abstract: An information layer for an optical information storage medium is formed in a centrifuge. A photopolymerizable composition is applied to a solid base having a relief pattern, and a flexible, transparent film layer is applied on top of the composition. The three are spun in a centrifuge to cause a thin, even distribution of the photopolymerizable composition, which is photopolymerized. The resulting replica is separated from the relief pattern and has a fluorescent material applied thereto. Alternatively, the replica has a non-fluorescent material applied thereto, and the non-fluorescent material is made fluorescent through diffusion. Multiple information layers thus formed can be glued together to form a multilayer optical information storage medium.

Abstract: An optical memory device and a method for manufacturing thereof. An optical memory device has at least one data layer formed on a substrate. An upper surface of the substrate is formed with a pattern comprising a plurality of regions which are capable of obtaining, when covered by a recording medium, desired optical properties different from those of the substrate. The patterned surface of the substrate is coated with the recording medium. The recording medium is removed from the patterned surface after the recording regions have obtained the desired optical properties.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reproducing information stored in a fluorescent multilayer information carrier. The apparatus utilizes auto-focusing and auto-framing techniques when reading the information to enable parallel reading from uniformly moving carrier. To avoid discontinuity in motion, an actuator with an objective lens performs periodic motion following a specific moving information page and, after the end of reading of this page, returns back to follow the next page.

Abstract: Turbulence is controlled in boundary layer or wall-bounded fluid flow fields having a turbulent wall region which under natural conditions, has an average system of roll pairs or streaks adjacent the surface, and extending in the direction of flow, by locally introducing into the turbulent wall region, by passive means, a disturbance that enhances or inhibits the roll pairs thereby locally increasing or decreasing the turbulence in the flow field.

Abstract: Turbulence is controlled in boundary layer or wall-bounded fluid flow fields having a turbulent wall region characterized by a system of roll pairs extending in the direction of flow, and obliquely propagating structures interacting with the system of roll pairs, by locally introducing into the turbulent wall region two separate disturbances that are effective to produce, in a local region, a composite disturbance field that is strongly coupled to and modifies the obliquely propagating structures in a manner that increases or decreases the interaction of the propagating structures with the system of roll pairs thereby locally increasing or decreasing the turbulence in the flow field. One of the disturbances may result from the interaction of the fluid with a linear strip, or an array of strips, of delta-shaped protrusions positioned spanwise on the wall (i.e., transverse to the flow direction); and the second disturbance may result from injecting sonic energy into the local region.

Abstract: Turbulence in a wall-bounded fluid flow field having a turbulent wall region characterized by a system of roll pairs extending in the direction of flow, and propagating structures interacting with the system of roll pairs, is controlled by introducing into the turbulent flow, a disturbance that changes the character of the propagating structures directed at an inclined angle to the direction of flow. Where the disturbance increases the amplitudes of the propagating structure, turbulent mixing or heating is increased; and when the disturbance decreases the amplitude of the propagating structure, the turbulent drag is decreased.

Abstract: Turbulence in a wall-bounded fluid flow field having a turbulent wall region characterized by a system of roll pairs extending in the direction of flow, and propagating structures interacting with the system of roll pairs, is controlled by introducing into the turbulent flow, a disturbance that changes the character of the propagating structures directed at an inclined angle to the direction of flow. Where the disturbance increases the amplitudes of the propagating structure, turbulent mixing or heating is increased; and when the disturbance decreases the amplitude of the propagating structure, the turbulent drag is decreased.