Abstract: A device for signaling a predetermined soil moisture condition includes a switching tensiometer that closes a switch when the root water tension reaches a predetermined level; a power source connected to the switching tensiometer; and a signal connected to the switching tensiometer so that when the switching tensiometer closes the switch, power source is connected to the signal operate the signal to indicate that the predetermined soil moisture condition has been reached. The signal preferably includes a spring-loaded flag that operates between a retracted position and an extended signal position; a latch for releasably securing the flag in its retracted position, and an electrically operated release that releases the latch to allow the flag to operate to its extended signal position.

Abstract: Automatic dishwashing detergent compositions comprising a carbonate source and a pH from about 5.0 to about 9.5 for enhanced filming performance are disclosed. Particularly preferred compositions contain polymer dispersant and silicate.

Abstract: Automatic dishwashing detergent compositions comprising a weight to weight ratio of calcium complexing component to carbonate source of at least 0.9 and having a pH between about 7 and about 11 are disclosed. The compositions exhibit enhanced filming performance, particularly preferred compositions additionally contain polymer dispersant and silicate.

Abstract: A pulse source powers a wand-like probe with spaced contacts that is arranged to be applied to and drawn along the surface of a surveillance tag that contains a diode semiconductor with exposed terminals. When the probe contacts engage the diode terminals, current is passed through the diode sufficient to destroy its unidirectional conducting characteristics and thereby deactivate the tag. A cut-out circuit is included to prevent the passage of excessive current through the diode or damaging short-circuiting of the power amplifier output.