Abstract: A semiconductor device a first fin-shaped pattern provided at a first surface of a substrate and extending in a second direction, a first source/drain pattern disposed on the first fin-shaped pattern and connected thereto, a first source/drain contact disposed on the first source/drain pattern and connected thereto, a buried conductive pattern extending through the substrate and connected to the first source/drain contact, a contact connection via disposed between the first source/drain contact and the buried conductive pattern. The contact connection via is directly connected to the first source/drain contact and a back wiring line disposed on a second surface of the substrate and connected to the buried conductive pattern. A width of the contact connection via increases as the contact connection via extends away from the second surface. A width of the first source/drain contact decreases as the first source/drain contact extends away from the second surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a battery coupled between a first terminal and a second terminal and a battery manager configured to sense a state of charge of the battery; a load circuit coupled between the first terminal and the second terminal and configured to receive discharge power from the battery; a power generator coupled between the first terminal and the second terminal and configured to supply charge power to the battery; and a controller configured to control the battery pack and the power generator and to force discharging of the battery to make the state of charge of the battery equal to a reference value when a signal to initiate self-discharging is received from a user.

Abstract: A crystalline carbonaceous material with a controlled interlayer spacing and a method of manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, a crystalline carbonaceous material has a layered structure including a plurality of layers and where a filler is present between the layers. The layers with the filler have an interlayer spacing d002 at a (002) plane, and the interlayer spacing d002 is at or between 0.335 nm and 1 nm when its X-ray diffraction is measured using a CuK? ray.

Abstract: A lithium battery system includes a first battery pack including a plurality of first battery cells connected in series. The first battery pack is configured to be connected in parallel to an alternator and a second battery pack, and has a lower capacity than the second battery pack. A negative electrode of each of the first battery cells includes a negative electrode active material. The negative electrode active material includes a carbon-based material having an interlayer spacing of a (002) plane of 0.34 nm to 0.50 nm in X-ray diffraction measurement using copper (Cu) K? lines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrolyte for a lithium battery and a lithium battery comprising the same. The electrolyte includes a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and a first additive capable of forming a chelating complex with a transition metal and which is stable at voltages ranging from about 2.5 to about 4.8 V.

Abstract: There is provided a battery pack including a mixed cell and a power device including the same. The mixed cell may include a first cell and a second cell having different electrical characteristics. The electrical characteristics may include at least one of an open circuit voltage characteristic corresponding to a state of charge, an internal resistance, an operation voltage, or a capacity.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery includes a positive electrode including a positive active material and an activated carbon, a negative electrode including a negative active material, and a lithium salt and a non-aqueous organic solvent, wherein the non-aqueous organic solvent includes about 30 volume % to about 90 volume % of propylene carbonate.

Abstract: An active material for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable battery, the active material including an active material core; and a thin film graphite layer on the core.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery is provided that includes a negative electrode including a negative active material, a positive electrode including a positive active material, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes a lithium salt and a non-aqueous organic solvent including from about 1 to about 20 volume % of a cyclic carbonate and from about 80 to about 99 volume % of a linear carbonate. The positive electrode has an active mass density of about 3.7 g/cc or greater. The rechargeable lithium battery shows improved cycle-life and storage characteristics at high temperatures, and good high rate characteristics.

Abstract: A negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same. The active material includes a silicon-containing compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 where Si exists with a concentration gradient from the surface to the center of the negative active material: SiCx??[Chemical Formula 1] where 1, 0.05?x?1.5.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a battery coupled between a first terminal and a second terminal and a battery manager configured to sense a state of charge of the battery; a load circuit coupled between the first terminal and the second terminal and configured to receive discharge power from the battery; a power generator coupled between the first terminal and the second terminal and configured to supply charge power to the battery; and a controller configured to control the battery pack and the power generator and to force discharging of the battery to make the state of charge of the battery equal to a reference value when a signal to initiate self-discharging is received from a user.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery module includes a first rechargeable lithium battery cell combined with a second rechargeable lithium battery cell, the first rechargeable lithium battery cell being the same or different than the second rechargeable lithium battery cell, and the rechargeable lithium battery module has an output voltage of about 13.6 V to about 15.6 V.

Abstract: A crystalline carbon material with controlled interlayer spacing and a method of manufacturing the crystalline carbon material are disclosed. The crystalline carbon material has peaks of a (002) plane at 2?=23°±5.0° and 2?=26.5°±1.0° when X-ray diffraction is measured using a CuK? ray. The peak height at 2?=23°±5.0° is higher than the one at 2?=26.5°±1.0°.

Abstract: A lithium battery system includes a first battery pack including a plurality of first battery cells connected in series. The first battery pack is configured to be connected in parallel to an alternator and a second battery pack, and has a lower capacity than the second battery pack. A negative electrode of each of the first battery cells includes a negative electrode active material. The negative electrode active material includes a carbon-based material having an interlayer spacing of a (002) plane of 0.34 nm to 0.50 nm in X-ray diffraction measurement using copper (Cu) K? lines.

Abstract: A positive electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery capable of providing a high voltage and a high voltage rechargeable lithium battery including the same, wherein the positive electrode includes a positive active material and a capacitor-reactive carbonaceous material having a specific surface area at or between 10 m2/g and 100 m2/g.

Abstract: Disclosed are a flame retardant electrolyte solution for a rechargeable lithium battery including a lithium salt, a linear carbonate-based solvent, an ionic liquid including ammonium cations, and a phosphoric acid-based solvent, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrolyte for a lithium battery and a lithium battery comprising the same. The electrolyte includes a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and a first additive capable of forming a chelating complex with a transition metal and which is stable at voltages ranging from about 2.5 to about 4.8 V.

Abstract: There is provided a battery pack including a mixed cell and a power device including the same. The mixed cell may include a first cell and a second cell having different electrical characteristics. The electrical characteristics may include at least one of an open circuit voltage characteristic corresponding to a state of charge, an internal resistance, an operation voltage, or a capacity.

Abstract: A positive electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery including a current collector and a positive active material layer disposed on the current collector, a method of manufacturing the positive electrode, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the positive electrode. Here, the positive active material layer includes a positive active material and a coating layer on the surface of the positive active material, wherein the coating layer is formed of a coating layer composition including carbon nano particles, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyvinylidene fluoride.

Abstract: A negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery, a method of preparing the same, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same, the negative active material including carbon core particles; a metallic material on the carbon core particles; and a carbon thin film covering the carbon core particles and the metallic material, wherein the carbon core particles have an interplanar spacing (d002) of about 0.34 nm to about 0.40 nm at a (002) plane measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a CuK? ray, and the carbon thin film has a thickness of about 1 nm to about 500 nm.