Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system and method of providing a warning to a pedestrian using a laser beam. In particular, objects present in a detection area of a front impact sensor provided on a vehicle are detected. A movement path vector of a first moving object that is moving in a direction identical to that of the vehicle, among the objects present in the detection area, is generated. When the movement path vector of the first moving object falls within an error range of a movement vector of the vehicle, the first moving object is designated as belonging to a group of laser warning target candidates, and thereafter an emission angle of a laser beam is generated. The laser beam is emitted through a laser light based on the emission angle of the laser beam.

Abstract: A system for identifying road surface conditions includes a road surface measurement sensor attached to a vehicle and configured to generate a measurement signal for a road surface condition, and a controller. The controller is configured to digitalize the measurement signal received from the road surface measurement sensor, calculate a curvature pattern for the road surface condition based on the digitalized measurement signal, and compare the calculated curvature pattern with a pre-stored curvature pattern to identify the road surface condition.

Abstract: A package stack structure includes a lower semiconductor chip on a lower package substrate having a plurality of lower via plug lands, a lower package having a lower molding compound surrounding a portion of a top surface of the lower package substrate and side surfaces of the lower semiconductor chip, an upper semiconductor chip on an upper package substrate having a plurality of upper via plug lands, an upper package having an upper molding compound covering the upper semiconductor chip, via plugs vertically penetrating the lower molding compound, the via plugs connecting the lower and upper via plug lands, respectively, and a fastening element and an air space between a top surface of the lower molding compound and a bottom surface of the upper package substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a method for performing a pretreatment on an unknown sample including: preparing a plurality of different types of first solutions; adding an unknown sample to the plurality of first solutions and determining whether or not the unknown sample is dissolved; selecting one among the plurality of first solutions in which the unknown sample is dissolved; preparing a plurality of second solution by differentiating concentrations of the selected solution; adding an unknown sample to the second solution and determining whether or not the unknown sample is dissolved; selecting a solution having the lowest concentration in which the unknown sample can be dissolved from among the second solutions; and dissolving the unknown sample by using the solution having the lowest concentration.

Abstract: A package stack structure includes a lower semiconductor chip on a lower package substrate having a plurality of lower via plug lands, a lower package having a lower molding compound surrounding a portion of a top surface of the lower package substrate and side surfaces of the lower semiconductor chip, an upper semiconductor chip on an upper package substrate having a plurality of upper via plug lands, an upper package having an upper molding compound covering the upper semiconductor chip, via plugs vertically penetrating the lower molding compound, the via plugs connecting the lower and upper via plug lands, respectively, and a fastening element and an air space between a top surface of the lower molding compound and a bottom surface of the upper package substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and a system for producing a classifier for recognizing an obstacle, including a processor configured to: display surface data of a plurality of obstacles measured by a distance measurement sensor in a two-dimensional (2D) coordinate system; group and classify the surface data displayed in the 2D coordinate system for each obstacle; setting a plurality of feature references to analyze region based features displayed for each obstacle in the 2D coordinate system and calculate the respective feature references for each obstacle grouping; and producing the classifier by applying a weight to each of the feature references.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system and method of providing a warning to a pedestrian using a laser beam. In particular, objects present in a detection area of a front impact sensor provided on a vehicle are detected. A movement path vector of a first moving object that is moving in a direction identical to that of the vehicle, among the objects present in the detection area, is generated. When the movement path vector of the first moving object falls within an error range of a movement vector of the vehicle, the first moving object is designated as belonging to a group of laser warning target candidates, and thereafter an emission angle of a laser beam is generated. The laser beam is emitted through a laser light based on the emission angle of the laser beam.

Abstract: A package stack structure includes a lower semiconductor chip on a lower package substrate having a plurality of lower via plug lands, a lower package having a lower molding compound surrounding a portion of a top surface of the lower package substrate and side surfaces of the lower semiconductor chip, an upper semiconductor chip on an upper package substrate having a plurality of upper via plug lands, an upper package having an upper molding compound covering the upper semiconductor chip, via plugs vertically penetrating the lower molding compound, the via plugs connecting the lower and upper via plug lands, respectively, and a fastening element and an air space between a top surface of the lower molding compound and a bottom surface of the upper package substrate.

Abstract: A storage device of one aspect includes a data storage medium including a plurality of memory blocks, and a storage controller which outputs a free memory block signal to a host device, and which is responsive to an externally received invalidation command from the host device to selectively invalidate data stored in the memory blocks of the storage medium. The free memory block signal is in accordance with a free memory block status of the data storage medium.

Abstract: A memory card can include a memory that is configured to store data and a memory controller that is configured to store host identification information and a password. The memory controller can be configured to control read/write access to the memory, where the memory controller can allow a host read and/or write access to the memory upon determining that the host identification information stored by the memory controller corresponds to the host.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for modulating data in an optical disk recording/reproducing apparatus. The method of modulating data may include modulating source data by using a modulation table including a plurality of modulation rows, wherein each of the plurality of modulation rows may include a plurality of modulation code word bits illustrating a modulation code word, digital sum value (DSV) position bits illustrating a position of a DSV control bit and a row selection bit determining whether each of the modulation rows corresponds to an odd data word of the source data or an even data word of the source data. The method and apparatus may be used for modulating data so that data modulation speed may be increased. The size of a memory storing the modulation table in the optical disk recording/reproducing apparatus may be reduced.