Abstract: An electroluminescent device includes a first electrode and a second electrode facing each other; an emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a plurality of quantum dots and a first hole transporting material having a substituted or unsubstituted C4 to C20 alkyl group attached to a backbone structure; a hole transport layer disposed between the emission layer and the first electrode and including a second hole transporting material; and an electron transport layer disposed between the emission layer and the second electrode.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an organic electroluminescent compound and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising the compound according to the present disclosure, an organic electroluminescent device having improved driving voltage, power efficiency and/or lifetime characteristics compared to conventional organic electroluminescent devices can be provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor manufacturing apparatus includes an equipment front end module (EFEM) including a chamber having an inner space that accommodates a wafer container storing a plurality of wafers, the EFEM adjusting the inner space to first vacuum pressure or atmospheric pressure; and manufacturing process equipment configured to transfer a wafer in the wafer container to a process chamber that performs a manufacturing process of a wafer, and transfer a wafer, after the manufacturing process has been completed, in the process chamber to the wafer container.

Abstract: A plasma shielding member may include a body having a first surface and a second surface that are opposite to each other, and a plurality of through holes each extending from the first surface to the second surface; a narrower portion of a respective through hole formed at one end of each of the through holes; and/or a wider portion of the respective through hole formed at another end of each of the through holes. A plasma shielding member may include a body including a plurality of through holes that extends from a first surface of the body toward a second surface of the body. Each of the through holes may be defined by a narrower portion of the body at a first end of the respective through hole, and by a wider portion of the body at a second end of the respective through hole.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an Internet value-added service system and method for providing a conventional value-added service which has been provided in a web site with a message transmission medium of the Internet. More specifically, when an advertiser puts an advertisement through the message transmission medium of the Internet, the value-added service is also provided with the advertisement to improve advertising effects of the advertiser. Instead, SMS (short message service) is provided together in transmission of email to solve inconvenience of email reception, which results in replacement of email reception with the SMS.

Abstract: The present invention provides a retroviral vector containing an iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) gene but without selective marker gene, constructed on, as a backbone, a minimum sized MLV-based retroviral vector which does not contain any viral coding sequences but can still produce a high viral titer and drive a high level of gene expression.

Abstract: The present invention provides a retroviral vector containing an iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) gene but without selective marker gene, constructed on, as a backbone, a minimum sized MLV-based retroviral vector which does not contain any viral coding sequences but can still produce a high viral titer and drive a high level of gene expression.