Abstract: A composition includes a cartilage component for regeneration of cartilage and a manufacturing method therefor. A composition for regeneration of cartilage, in which a micronized cartilage powder is physically mixed with a biocompatible polymer or a chemically crosslinked biocompatible polymer. When applied, the composition can increase morphological retention and ease of use at cartilage injury sites.

Abstract: A method for producing a composite demineralized bone matrix composition using a one-step process is described. The composite demineralized bone matrix composition is produced from the biologically-derived bone. In addition, the composite demineralized bone matrix composition contains bone minerals according to the original composition proportion in the bone and may provide a bone mineral content condition that is closest to that in an environment in which in vivo bone formation occurs. In addition, the composition contains a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2), and thus enables a stable and excellent bone formation effect to be derived.

Abstract: A zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) protein-derived peptide according to the present invention shows an expression reducing effect of various immune factors shown in acute or chronic atopic dermatitis, and has a decreased immune response and decreased IgE expression and thus may be used to prevent, treat or improve xeroderma or an abnormal skin barrier function such as atopic dermatitis, an allergic disease or inflammation.

Abstract: A scanning probe microscope and method of operating the microscope uses a resonant material between a metallic probe tip and a surface of a sample with at least one material having a dielectric constant ?. When electromagnetic radiation from a light source is transmitted to an interface between the metallic probe tip and the sample, absorption of the electromagnetic radiation by the resonant sensor material that is dependent on the dielectric constant of the at least one material of the sample is detected.

Abstract: A scanning probe microscope and method of operating the microscope uses a resonant material between a metallic probe tip and a surface of a sample with at least one material having a dielectric constant ?. When electromagnetic radiation from a light source is transmitted to an interface between the metallic probe tip and the sample, absorption of the electromagnetic radiation by the resonant sensor material that is dependent on the dielectric constant of the at least one material of the sample is detected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) protein-derived peptide and a use thereof. The ZAG protein-derived peptide according to the present invention shows an expression reducing effect of various immune factors shown in acute or chronic atopic dermatitis, and has a decreased immune response and decreased IgE expression and thus may be used to prevent, treat or improve xeroderma or an abnormal skin barrier function such as atopic dermatitis, an allergic disease or inflammation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of fabricating a black phosphorus thin film and a black phosphorus thin film thereof and, more particularly, to a method of fabricating a black phosphorus ultrathin film by forming the black phosphorous ultrathin film in a chamber by active oxygen and removing accompanying black phosphorus oxide film water. The black phosphorus ultrathin film has a surface that does not substantially have defects and is uniform in a large area, and has a surface roughness property of 1 nm or less, to represent a high application property to an optoelectronic device and a field effect transistor.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a first gate structure on a substrate, the first gate structure including a gate insulation layer, a gate electrode, and a hard mask sequentially stacked on the substrate, forming a preliminary spacer layer on sidewalls of the first gate structure and the substrate, the preliminary spacer layer including silicon nitride, implanting molecular ions into the preliminary spacer layer to form a spacer layer having a dielectric constant lower than a dielectric constant of the preliminary spacer layer, anisotropically etching the spacer layer to form spacers on the sidewalls of the first gate structure, and forming impurity regions at upper portions of the substrate adjacent to the first gate structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of fabricating a black phosphorus thin film and a black phosphorus thin film thereof and, more particularly, to a method of fabricating a black phosphorus ultrathin film by forming the black phosphorous ultrathin film in a chamber by active oxygen and removing accompanying black phosphorus oxide film water. The black phosphorus ultrathin film has a surface that does not substantially have defects and is uniform in a large area, and has a surface roughness property of 1 nm or less, to represent a high application property to an optoelectronic device and a field effect transistor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nanosecond pulse laser device. The nanosecond pulse laser device of the present invention comprises: a light source which outputs a nanosecond pulse laser beam; a lens which focuses the laser beam; a Raman shift optical fiber which generates pulse lasers corresponding to a plurality of wavelengths through stimulated Raman scattering of the focused laser beam; a wavelength divider which divides, from among the pulse lasers, the pulse lasers of a predetermined wavelength; an optical switch which selects the pulse lasers outputted from the wavelength divider to mutually alternate the wavelengths in response to a switch control signal which is applied from the outside; and a wavelength combiner which combines and outputs the pulse lasers whose wavelengths are alternatively outputted from the switch.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a first gate structure on a substrate, the first gate structure including a gate insulation layer, a gate electrode, and a hard mask sequentially stacked on the substrate, forming a preliminary spacer layer on sidewalls of the first gate structure and the substrate, the preliminary spacer layer including silicon nitride, implanting molecular ions into the preliminary spacer layer to form a spacer layer having a dielectric constant lower than a dielectric constant of the preliminary spacer layer, anisotropically etching the spacer layer to form spacers on the sidewalls of the first gate structure, and forming impurity regions at upper portions of the substrate adjacent to the first gate structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nanosecond pulse laser device. The nanosecond pulse laser device of the present invention comprises: a light source which outputs a nanosecond pulse laser beam; a lens which focuses the laser beam; a Raman shift optical fiber which generates pulse lasers corresponding to a plurality of wavelengths through stimulated Raman scattering of the focused laser beam; a wavelength divider which divides, from among the pulse lasers, the pulse lasers of a predetermined wavelength; an optical switch which selects the pulse lasers outputted from the wavelength divider to mutually alternate the wavelengths in response to a switch control signal which is applied from the outside; and a wavelength combiner which combines and outputs the pulse lasers whose wavelengths are alternatively outputted from the switch.

Abstract: A drug delivery vehicle for targeted delivery of a drug mimics viral properties of size, capsid-like protein capsule, cell-specific entry, toxin release, destruction of infected cells, and migration to neighboring cells. This vehicle, termed a virogel, contains a hydrophobic polymeric core, a hydrophilic inner shell, a hydrophilic outer shell, and a ligand. An illustrative drug-loaded virogel includes poly(L-histidine-co-phenylalanine) as the core, doxorubicin loaded in the core, polyethylene glycol as the inner shell, bovine serum albumin as the outer shell, and folic acid as the ligand.

Abstract: Mixed micelles containing poly(L-histidine-co-phenylalanine)-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer and poly(L-lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer are a pH-sensitive drug carrier that release the drug in an acidic microenvironment, but not in the blood. Since the microenvironment of solid tumors is acidic, these mixed micelles are useful for treating cancer, including those cancers exhibiting multidrug resistance. Targeting ligands, such as folate, can also be attached to the mixed micelles for enhancing drug delivery into cells. Methods of treating a warm-blooded animal with such a drug are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spectrally encoded coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) endoscope that is capable of spatially encoding spectral dispersions of two light sources having frequency difference as much as a Raman shift and overlapping two laser beams on a position where a sample to be measured is placed, thereby acquiring a spatial distribution of CARS signals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for diagnosing the pathological change in lipids in blood vessels using coherent anti-strokes raman microscopy which can image lipids abnormally deposited on the deep intima of blood vessels and analyze the components of the imaged lipids, without labeling or destroying blood vessels, to diagnose minute pathological changes in the blood vessels, whereby the stage of progression of lipid-related diseases can be determined.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 3-color multiplex CARS spectrometer. In the 3-color multiplex CARS spectrometer, Raman resonance is achieved for multiple molecular vibrations of a sample by the combination of a short-wavelength pump beam generated by a broadband laser light source and a long-wavelength Stokes beam generated by a stable laser light source, and another short-wavelength laser beam having a narrow linewidth is then introduced separately to serve as a probe beam that interacts with the laser-driven sample, thereby generating CARS spectral signals whose wavelength components can be resolved. Accordingly, the 3-color multiplex CARS spectrometer solves problem of the conventional 2-color multiplex CARS spectroscopy in which the wavelength decomposition of CARS signals, necessary for high spectral resolution, is not possible with broadband pump light causing the CARS spectrum distortion.

Abstract: Mixed micelles containing poly(L-histidine)-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer and poly(L-lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer are a pH-sensitive drug carrier that release the drug in an acidic microenvironment, but not in the blood. Since the microenvironment of solid tumors is acidic, these mixed micelles are useful for treating cancer, including those cancers exhibiting multidrug resistance. Targeting ligands, such as folate, can also be attached to the mixed micelles for enhancing drug delivery into cells. Methods of treating a warm-blooded animal with such a drug are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spectrally encoded coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) endoscope that is capable of spatially encoding spectral dispersions of two light sources having frequency difference as much as a Raman shift and overlapping two laser beams on a position where a sample to be measured is placed, thereby acquiring a spatial distribution of CARS signals.

Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging apparatus for infrared nonlinear molecular vibrational microscopy.