Abstract: Systems, apparatuses and methods for percutaneous removal of gallstones and gallstone fragments for the treatment of cholelithiasis are disclosed. A representative system includes an access sheath; an aspiration device removably coupleable to the access sheath; and a catheter removably insertable into the access sheath. A representative system may also include a crushing or fracturing control apparatus and/or a crushing or fracturing instrument. A representative access sheath includes a tubular shaft and a proximal hub having one or more valves. A representative aspiration device includes a syringe tube body; an extended distal tip, which may also have a valve; and a plunger moveable within an interior lumen of the syringe tube body. A representative catheter includes an outer catheter tube; an inner catheter manipulation shaft moveable within a lumen of the outer catheter tube; and a basket or cage having a plurality of longitudinal struts.