Abstract: An apparatus for generating a frequency estimate of an output signal includes a reference signal generator configured to generate a reference clock signal. The apparatus includes frequency estimation circuitry configured to generate a cycle count based frequency estimation of the output signal based on the reference clock signal and a clock cycle count of the output signal. The frequency estimation circuitry further generates a fractional frequency estimation of the output signal based on the reference clock signal and a plurality of time-to-digital conversion phase samples of the output signal. The frequency estimation circuitry further generates the frequency estimate of the output signal using the cycle count based frequency estimation within a range and a frequency error determined from the fractional frequency estimation. The plurality of time-to-digital conversion phase samples and the cycle count based frequency estimation use a same number of reference clock cycles of the reference clock signal.

Abstract: A radio-head apparatus can comprise memory to store dithering information of the apparatus. The radio-head can further include radio-head circuitry to generate a clock signal according to the dithering information and to provide a wakeup signal, subsequent to commencement of clock signal generation, to instruct a secondary RH to use the clock signal of the RH. The same wakeup signal is also used to synchronize the finite state machines of both RHs that govern and report the dithering information. Synchronization of the FSM allows estimation of information to be used in the secondary RH for compensation of the clock dithering applied in the primary RH. Other systems and apparatuses are described.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating an output oscillator signal is provided. The apparatus includes a deviation determining circuitry configured to generate a deviation signal based on a first comparison signal and a second comparison signal. Further, the apparatus includes a first oscillator configured to generate the output oscillator signal based on the deviation signal and a second oscillator signal from a second, resonator-based oscillator. The first comparison signal is based on the second oscillator signal or the output oscillator signal. The second oscillator signal has a frequency of at least 1 GHz. The second comparison signal is based on a third oscillator signal from a third oscillator. The third oscillator signal has a frequency lower than 1 GHz.

Abstract: A radio-head apparatus can comprise synchronization circuitry to receive transmission data and a phase correction signal. The synchronization circuitry can process the transmission data and the phase correction signal to generate digital transmitter (DTX) codes. The radio-head can further include transmission circuitry to combine the phase correction signal with transmission data codes to be provided to the DTX for transmission over an air interface. Other systems and apparatuses are described.

Abstract: In various aspects of this disclosure, a communication device is provided. The communication device may include a first radiohead circuit including a first transceiver chain configured to transmit a first radio frequency signal associated with a first transmission configuration and to transmit a second radio frequency signal associated with a second transmission configuration a second radiohead circuit comprising a second transceiver chain configured to receive the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal, and one or more processors configured to determine a first signal parameter associated with the first radio frequency signal received at the second transceiver chain and a second signal parameter associated with the second radio frequency signal received at the second transceiver chain, and to determine a preferred transmission configuration for the first transceiver chain by using the first signal parameter and the second signal parameter.

Abstract: A system may include a digital front end (DFE). The DFE may be configured to generate a command signal. The system may also include a sweeper. The sweeper may be configured to generate an intermediate in-phase signal, an intermediate quadrature signal, and a LO signal based on the command signal. In addition, the system may include a mixer. The mixer may be configured to generate a mixed in-phase signal based on the intermediate in-phase signal and the LO signal. The mixer may also be configured to generate a mixed quadrature signal based on the intermediate quadrature signal and the LO signal. Further, the system may include an amplifier. The amplifier may be configured to generate an in-phase signal based on the mixed in-phase signal and an amplification setting. The amplifier may also be configured to generate a quadrature signal based on the mixed quadrature signal and the amplification setting.

Abstract: Examples relate to a digitally controlled oscillator circuit arrangement, a digitally controlled oscillation means, a method for a digitally controlled oscillator, a digital loop filter circuit arrangement, a digital loop filtering means, a method for a digital loop filter, a phase locked loop circuit arrangement and phase locked loop, a user device and a base station.

Abstract: A TDC circuit configured to receive a reference clock (REF) signal and a signal derived from a LO; generate a plurality of digital values indicative of a measured phase difference between the signal derived from the LO and the REF signal, wherein each of the plurality of digital values are determined from a unique set of a plurality of sets of TDC measurement component quantization levels; generate a combined series of quantization levels based on a combination of the plurality of sets of TDC measurement component quantization levels; and determine a combined digital value from the combined series of quantization levels and at least one of the plurality of digital values to generate an output of the TDC circuit. The combined series of quantization levels may be generated by summing simultaneously occurring levels of each of the plurality of sets of TDC measurement component quantization levels together.

Abstract: A wireless communication device for asymmetrical frequency spreading including a processor configured to receive a frequency band message comprising a maximum difference and a minimum difference, wherein the maximum difference is between a maximum frequency of a sub-band and a signal frequency, and wherein the minimum difference is between the minimum frequency of the sub-band and the signal frequency compare the maximum difference and the minimum difference with each other; and generate a frequency shift based on the comparison.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a frequency estimate of an output signal includes a reference signal generator configured to generate a reference clock signal. The apparatus includes frequency estimation circuitry configured to generate a cycle count based frequency estimation of the output signal based on the reference clock signal and a clock cycle count of the output signal. The frequency estimation circuitry further generates a fractional frequency estimation of the output signal based on the reference clock signal and a plurality of time-to-digital conversion phase samples of the output signal. The frequency estimation circuitry further generates the frequency estimate of the output signal using the cycle count based frequency estimation within a range and a frequency error determined from the fractional frequency estimation. The plurality of time-to-digital conversion phase samples and the cycle count based frequency estimation use a same number of reference clock cycles of the reference clock signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating an output oscillator signal is provided. The apparatus includes a deviation determining circuitry configured to generate a deviation signal based on a first comparison signal and a second comparison signal. Further, the apparatus includes a first oscillator configured to generate the output oscillator signal based on the deviation signal and a second oscillator signal from a second, resonator-based oscillator. The first comparison signal is based on the second oscillator signal or the output oscillator signal. The second oscillator signal has a frequency of at least 1 GHz. The second comparison signal is based on a third oscillator signal from a third oscillator. The third oscillator signal has a frequency lower than 1 GHz.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and circuitries are provided to generate a radio frequency (RF) signal having a desired radio frequency fRF. In one example a frequency synthesizer system includes a clock, an opportunistic phase locked loop (PLL), and an RF PLL. The clock circuitry is configured to generate a clock signal having a frequency fXTL. The opportunistic phase locked loop (PLL) is configured to generate a reference signal having a reference frequency fREF that is close to a free-running frequency of an oscillator in the opportunistic PLL. The opportunistic PLL is configured to synchronize the reference signal to the clock signal. The RF PLL is configured to generate the RF signal having the desired radio frequency and to synchronize the RF signal with the reference signal.

Abstract: Examples relate to a digitally controlled oscillator circuit arrangement, a digitally controlled oscillation means, a method for a digitally controlled oscillator, a digital loop filter circuit arrangement, a digital loop filtering means, a method for a digital loop filter, a phase locked loop circuit arrangement and phase locked loop, a user device and a base station. The digitally controlled oscillator circuit arrangement comprises input circuitry for obtaining a frequency setting signal, the frequency setting signal comprising a plurality of signal components, selection circuitry for selecting one signal component of the plurality of signal components of the frequency setting signal based on an oscillation signal of the digitally controlled oscillator circuit arrangement, signal generation circuitry for generating the oscillation signal based on the selected signal component of the frequency setting signal, and output circuitry for providing the oscillation signal.

Abstract: A phase locked loop (PLL) system for mitigating non-linear phase errors stemming from time-variant integral non-linearity of the LO feedback phase quantizer (TDC) is disclosed. The system includes a phase modulation circuit which is configured to generate a plurality of phase shifts for a reference signal; select a phase shift of the plurality of phase shifts and introduce the selected phase shift into the reference signal, thereby modulating the phase difference between the feedback and the reference signal. Alternatively, the above phase modulation can be applied on the feedback signal path, attaining equivalent results. TDC is configured to quantize the phase of the LO feedback signal relative to the shifted reference signal to generate a phase detection signal, effectively modulating the non-linearity contributed error away from the LO center frequency.

Abstract: A quadrature based voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) local oscillator (LO) system is disclosed. The system includes a phase detector, a quadrature phase VCO, a quadrature control path, an in-phase control path, and an in-phase VCO. The phase detector is configured to compare and generate phase error between a reference clock and an in-phase VCO output. The quadrature control path configured to generate a quadrature control voltage based on a quadrature VCO output and the in-phase VCO output. The quadrature phase VCO configured to generate the quadrature VCO output based on the quadrature control voltage and the generated phase error. The in-phase control path configured to generate an in-phase control voltage based on the quadrature VCO output and the in-phase VCO output. The in-phase VCO is configured to generate the in-phase VCO output based on the in-phase control voltage and the generated phase error. An all digital dual mode phase locked/phase tracking loop LO generate system is also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and circuitries are provided to generate a radio frequency (RF) signal having a desired radio frequency fRF. In one example a frequency synthesizer system includes a clock, an opportunistic phase locked loop (PLL), and an RF PLL. The clock circuitry is configured to generate a clock signal having a frequency fXTL. The opportunistic phase locked loop (PLL) is configured to generate a reference signal having a reference frequency fREF that is close to a free-running frequency of an oscillator in the opportunistic PLL. The opportunistic PLL is configured to synchronize the reference signal to the clock signal. The RF PLL is configured to generate the RF signal having the desired radio frequency and to synchronize the RF signal with the reference signal.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and circuitries are disclosed for controlling an adaptive time-to-digital converter (TDC) that determines a phase difference between a reference signal and a phase locked loop (PLL) feedback signal. Adaptive TDC circuitry includes a chain of n delay elements each characterized by a delay. Gate circuitry generates a gated PLL feedback signal while a gating enable signal has an enable value. N sampling elements, each associated with a delay element, are enabled by the reference signal arriving at the input of the associated delay element to store a value of the gated PLL feedback signal. Adaptive gating circuitry is configured to generate the gating enable signal based on the delay and a period of the PLL feedback signal. A supply voltage for the delay elements may be controlled to cause the delay elements to exhibit a desired delay.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and circuitries are provided to generate a radio frequency (RF) signal having a desired radio frequency fRF. In one example a frequency synthesizer system includes a clock, an opportunistic phase locked loop (PLL), and an RF PLL. The clock circuitry is configured to generate a clock signal having a frequency fXTL. The opportunistic phase locked loop (PLL) is configured to generate a reference signal having a reference frequency fREF that is close to a free-running frequency of an oscillator in the opportunistic PLL. The opportunistic PLL is configured to synchronize the reference signal to the clock signal. The RF PLL is configured to generate the RF signal having the desired radio frequency and to synchronize the RF signal with the reference signal.

Abstract: A quadrature based voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) local oscillator (LO) system is disclosed. The system includes a phase detector, a quadrature phase VCO, a quadrature control path, an in-phase control path, and an in-phase VCO. The phase detector is configured to compare and generate phase error between a reference clock and an in-phase VCO output. The quadrature control path configured to generate a quadrature control voltage based on a quadrature VCO output and the in-phase VCO output. The quadrature phase VCO configured to generate the quadrature VCO output based on the quadrature control voltage and the generated phase error. The in-phase control path configured to generate an in-phase control voltage based on the quadrature VCO output and the in-phase VCO output. The in-phase VCO is configured to generate the in-phase VCO output based on the in-phase control voltage and the generated phase error. An all digital dual mode phase locked/phase tracking loop LO generate system is also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and circuitries are provided to generate a radio frequency (RF) signal having a desired radio frequency fRF. In one example a frequency synthesizer system includes a clock, an opportunistic phase locked loop (PLL), and an RF PLL. The clock circuitry is configured to generate a clock signal having a frequency fXTL. The opportunistic phase locked loop (PLL) is configured to generate a reference signal having a reference frequency fREF that is close to a free-running frequency of an oscillator in the opportunistic PLL. The opportunistic PLL is configured to synchronize the reference signal to the clock signal. The RF PLL is configured to generate the RF signal having the desired radio frequency and to synchronize the RF signal with the reference signal.