Abstract: A strip casting plant with side limits arranged closely adjacent to a carrying belt. The side limits, and preferably the supply device for molten metal, are capable of vibrating and are connected to a device for producing vibrations. The adhesion of solidified material can thus be prevented.

Abstract: The invention relates to a strip casting plant with side limits arranged closely adjacent to a carrying belt. The side limits, and preferably the supply device for molten metal, are capable of vibrating and are connected to a device for producing vibrations. The adhesion of solidified material can thus be prevented.

Abstract: A method and device for positioning the mouth of a consumable lance that conveys gaseous and/or solid media into a metallurgical vessel containing liquid metal. The lance is guided tangentially to the furnace vessel in a plane which lies above the liquid level of the metal situated inside the vessel. In the mouth area of the lance outside the vessel, the lance is bent toward the vessel interior through a predetermined radius in order to position the lance mouth in the shape of a fan. The lance is then pushed through the side wall of the vessel into the interior of the same to reach or maintain a desired position of the lance mouth.

Abstract: A supporting arrangement for the transport belt in thin strip casting plants. The liquid steel is cast onto the circulating transport belt. On its underside, the transport belt has devices for generating a negative pressure and for supporting the belt as well as for cooling. In the past, rollers were used for supporting the belt. Between the supporting points of the belt on the rollers, upward curvatures of the belt may occur. This is avoided by the use of supports of which the spacings measured transversely to the transporting direction are greater than the lengths of the supports in this direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for a metal melt, especially steel, into a vertically oscillating mold via a tundish or intermediate vessel provided with an immersion nozzle to generate endless strands, especially thin strands of steel wherein the intermediate vessel has an open first chamber and a closed second chamber. The metal melt is supplied from the casting ladle to the first open chamber. The second chamber is connected with a vacuum device. An immersion pipe, which projects into the mold and which can be vertically oscillated, is provided in the base of the second chamber.

Abstract: Metal strip close to its final dimensions is cast using a strip-casting apparatus provided with a melt-holding vessel and a conveyor belt, in which a metal melt, in particular steel, flows out of a casting nozzle of a closable pouring chamber which can be put under vacuum and is connected via a siphon to a main chamber which can be put under pressure. The casting nozzle is inclined by about 45.degree. and is of trumpet-like configuration in the region of the orifice on the inside of the nozzle wall remote from the main chamber. Additionally, a shut-off element which can be opened in a slit-shaped manner is provided near the orifice of the casting nozzle.

Abstract: A charging device for closed arc furnaces having at least one electrode around which the charge material is concentrically fed into the furnace. Conveyor devices run in protected fashion in an annular chamber disposed above a furnace cover. A plurality of magnets are suspended from the conveyor devices into the upper vessel of the furnace. A material feeding device enters the upper vessel through a passage in the upper vessel wall. The passage is provided with a sealing device to prevent gases from the upper vessel from escaping or the material feeding device may be enclosed in a gas-tight lock. The magnets pick-up the charge material from the material feeding device and deposit it concentrically around the electrode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating residual or waste materials that can be recycled energetically, especially light-weight refuse from shredders, which, reduced in size and classified, are stored in bunkers. The residual or waste material is fed by portions from the bunkers to a supply trough in a metal melting furnace, especially an electric arc furnace for melting steel. After a predetermined time, the residual material is placed by portions into a sluice that can be closed in a gas-tight manner. After the sluice is closed, the residual material is subjected to an oxygen-containing gas, the pressure of which is higher than the pressure at the furnace head of the metal melting furnace, until the pressure within the sluice exceed the pressure in the furnace head. The sluice output opening facing toward the furnace vessel bottom is opened after the pressure within the sluice exceeds the pressure in the furnace head and the residual material is conveyed pneumatically into the chamber part.

Abstract: A bottom electrode for a metallurgical vessel operated with direct current, consisting of an outer part made of a first material arrangeable substantially outside a bottom of the vessel so as to face the vessel, and an inner part made of a second material and connected to the outer part so as to face an interior of the vessel. The inner part is configured to wear when in contact with molten metal in the vessel, and includes a metallic first structural part that consists substantially of a material comparable to the molten metal. The first structural part has an end adjacent the outer part with a cross-section adapted to that of the outer part. The first structural part is configured to prevent a flow of melted electrode material as well as the molten metal. The inner part further includes a high temperature resistant second structural part configured to compliment the first structural part, the first and second structural parts being coaxial to one another.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for heating a metal melt, in particular molten steel covered with a casting powder, introduced via a submerged outlet into an ingot mould of a continuous casting plant. In order to ensure uniform heat dissipation over the ingot mould and constant frictional forces between the latter and the casting shell, the heat energy is introduced at given points into the surface of the melt bath and the heat energy point on the surface of the melt bath is brought to a predetermined line.

Abstract: A conveyor belt of a continuous strip-casting device for casting strips of metal, particularly steel, which belt is guided by a driven drum and a drum horizontally adjacent to the driven drum and displaceable for tensioning the belt. The belt rests in this connection on a support arranged between the drums and the side thereof facing away from the cast strip is cooled. The conveyor belt has, on the side remote from the cast strip, uniformly distributed blind holes. The blind holes are separated by webs of a minimum width. The total surface area of the webs is 0.15 to 0.4 times the total surface area of the belt. The bottoms of the blind holes have a wall thickness which, upon heating by the cast strip with simultaneous cooling of the inside surface of the blind holes, permits a bulging of the bottom of less than 1 mm.

Abstract: A process and device for melting scrap in a direct current-driven closed shaft furnace. The scrap is fed with an annular cross-section into one end of the furnace and hot gases which flow against the falling scrap are sucked below the scrap feeding area via an outer cylindrical wall of the scrap column. The inner free surface of the ring-shaped flat cross-section of the scrap is reduced before the scrap reaches the melting zone. In the melting zone, the scrap is exposed to an electric arc at the center of the flat cross-section. The arc furnace has a cathode that is held by an electrode bearing device which is formed as a concentric pipe with respect to the central axis of the furnace vessel. At one end the pipe is conically tapered and at the other end it is supported on the shaft of the furnace by bearing arms.

Abstract: A metallurgical vessel (10) includes at least one metallic electrode (20) fastened thereto having a chamber within the vessel (10) for holding a melt (19) and having a bottom surface, a shell (14) abutting the bottom surface, and a flanged tube (31) arranged on the shell (14) with the flanged tube (31) having a flanged surface (32). The electrode (20) is disposed coaxially with respect to the flanged tube (31) and is formed by first and second bars (21, 22) connectable to one another. The first bar (21) has the top face positioned proximate to the bottom surface of the chamber and penetrates the vessel (10) for contact with the melt. The second bar (22) is positioned against the bottom face of the first bar (21) and extends out from the vessel (10), the first bar having a should region (23) positioned annularly thereabout adapted to contact and lean against the flanged surface (32) of the flanged tube (31).

Abstract: An inert gas flow is introduced into a molten metal bath at a location in a vessel. The absolute pressure of the gas flow through the molten metal other than zero flow is determined. The pressure acting on the surface of the bath is measured and the difference between the surface pressure and the absolute pressure is determined. The difference in converted into a distance measurement that reflects the actual distance between the surface of the bath and the location of introduction of the gas flow into the bath. The distance measurement is compared with a predetermined desired distance value and a resultant measurement is formed therefrom. The level of the bath is regulated as a function of the resultant measurement. The resultant measurement is converted into an electric setting signal and sent to a setting member for regulating the level of the bath and/or the amount flowing out of or withdrawn from the vessel.

Abstract: In a casting device for the continuous production of metal strip using an endless cooling and transport belt; a distributor is constructed as twin chamber with an entrance and charge chamber, and an exit and discharge chamber communicating with the entrance chamber, a nozzle is provided at the exit and discharge chamber, the distributor, at least in the range of the discharge chamber, is gas tightly closed and is mounted in an inclination-adjustable frame; a gas pressure controllable source is connected to the discharge chamber and controlled in response to thickness variations of the strip; a distance measuring device (ram pressure) is arranged at the casting nozzle for measuring the distance of the casting nozzle from the casting belt; a controller responds to the measuring output of the distance measuring device and provides for controlling the elevational and vertical disposition of the distributor within said frame; another controller varies elevation of the upper belt stringer, also in response to thick

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrode positioning mechanism of an electric, electric arc or reduction furnace, in particular for smelting steel, with a guide column, having a mast arm to hold the electrode and guided in a guide frame by front and lateral guide rollers, which are located in a nest, and which can be moved vertically, whereby there are mechanical damping elements to damp mechanical vibrations. To create an electrode positioning mechanism which uses simple means to achieve a vibrational isolation of the individual components of the electrode positioning mechanism, and which reduces the breakage of electrodes in comparison to the devices of the prior art which use complex damping means, the invention proposes that the damping elements 14 be located between the front and lateral guide rollers 6 and the guide frame 7.

Abstract: In a process for casting metal strip, in particular steel strip, the liquid metal is discharged from a casting nozzle which has the same width as the strip onto a continuously moving, cooled conveyor belt, and the plane of the nozzle mouth is set for the thickness of the metal strip to be cast, i.e. at an acute angle to the plane of the conveyor belt. To maintain the casting speed at the nozzle mouth on the conveyor belt, i.e. to prevent shearing forces of the flow layers and thus a speed profile with negative components, the invention proposes that with a conveyor belt running at an inclination to the horizontal in the casting direction, the inclination of the conveyor belt in the casting direction is set as a function of the casting speed, which should be equal to the conveyor belt speed, and as a function of the material parameters of the liquid metal.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling the oscillations of a mold for continuous casting of metal, the mold being mounted on a table which is connected, in turn, to three spaced apart drives and three load relief springs; three displacement path transducers track each of the drives; a source of reference signals provides reference signals representing the desired oscillation, as to contour, amplitude and rate; actual and reference signals are compared by and in stages which provide correction signals for the drives.