Abstract: A method, system, and product for performance analysis of quantum programs. A quantum program comprises plurality of code artifacts and is compilable into a quantum circuit. A representation of the quantum circuit that implements the quantum program is obtained. The quantum circuit manipulates a plurality of qubits over a plurality of cycles using a plurality of quantum gates. The representation of the quantum circuit includes circuit components. A performance measurement of a code artifact of the quantum program is automatically computed based on one or more circuit components that are mapped to the code artifact by a component to code mapping. The component to code mapping maps circuit components of the representation to the quantum circuit to respective code artifacts of the quantum program.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and product comprising: obtaining a representation of a quantum circuit; determining that a qubit is a candidate auxiliary qubit by estimating that a state of the qubit at a first cycle is identical to a state of the qubit at a second cycle; identifying a function section in the quantum circuit based on the qubit, the function section commencing at a beginning cycle, the beginning cycle is ordered before the second cycle, the function section ending at an ending cycle, the ending cycle is ordered after the first cycle, the ending cycle is ordered after the commencing cycle, the function section utilizing the qubit as an auxiliary qubit; and outputting an indication of the function section.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and product includes obtaining a logical representation of a quantum circuit; modifying the quantum circuit to transfer a gate operation defined in a first cycle to be performed in a second cycle, thereby obtaining a modified quantum circuit, wherein said modifying does not change a functionality of the quantum circuit, and synthesizing the modified quantum circuit using a dynamic error correction scheme. The dynamic error correction scheme implements error correction operations using a first assignment of first physical qubits to a logical qubit for a first set of cycles and using a second assignment of second physical qubits to the logical qubit for a second set of cycles, wherein the first set of cycles comprises the first cycle, and the second set of cycles comprises the second cycle.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and product including obtaining a representation of a quantum circuit that manipulates a plurality of qubits over a plurality of cycles, wherein role indications of the plurality of qubits are not available; and detecting one or more robust qubits in the plurality of qubits. Each qubit of the one or more robust qubits comprises a dirty auxiliary qubit that is robust to quantum states of remaining qubits from the plurality of qubits. The detecting includes applying one or more initial states to the plurality of qubits using one or more quantum state setters, simulating the quantum circuit using a simulator, and inspecting states of the plurality of qubits from said simulating.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and product including obtaining a representation of a quantum circuit that manipulates a plurality of qubits over a plurality of cycles, wherein role indications of the plurality of qubits are not available; and detecting one or more robust qubits in the plurality of qubits. Each qubit of the one or more robust qubits comprises a dirty auxiliary qubit that is robust to quantum states of remaining qubits from the plurality of qubits. The detecting includes applying one or more initial states to the plurality of qubits using one or more quantum state setters, simulating the quantum circuit using a simulator, and inspecting states of the plurality of qubits from said simulating.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and product includes obtaining a logical representation of a quantum circuit; modifying the quantum circuit to transfer a gate operation defined in a first cycle to be performed in a second cycle, thereby obtaining a modified quantum circuit, wherein said modifying does not change a functionality of the quantum circuit, and synthesizing the modified quantum circuit using a dynamic error correction scheme. The dynamic error correction scheme implements error correction operations using a first assignment of first physical qubits to a logical qubit for a first set of cycles and using a second assignment of second physical qubits to the logical qubit for a second set of cycles, wherein the first set of cycles comprises the first cycle, and the second set of cycles comprises the second cycle.

Abstract: An apparatus, product and method includes partially compiling a quantum circuit from an initial cycle and until one or more intermediate cycles. A partial executable quantum circuit and measurements regarding a group of candidate auxiliary qubits are obtained by executing the partial executable quantum circuit multiple times and classifying the group of candidate auxiliary qubits to a qubit class with respect to a target group of qubits. The qubit class indicates that the group of candidate auxiliary qubits is not entangled with the target group. The quantum circuit is modified to apply a cleaning process on the group of candidate auxiliary qubits, whereby a modified quantum circuit is obtained. The modified quantum circuit is compiled thus obtaining an executable quantum circuit.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and product includes obtaining a logical representation of a quantum circuit that is implementable by a plurality of alternative physical representations of the quantum circuit, each of which implementing the logical representation with a different error correction scheme and defining error correction schemes for the quantum circuit. The defining error correction schemes includes implementing a search algorithm on the alternative physical representations, wherein the search algorithm is configured to search for a physical representation of the quantum circuit with an assignment of a plurality of physical qubits to a plurality of logical qubits that is defined in view of a quality score. A quality metric used to compute the quality score is monotonically correlated to error rates of logical output qubits of the quantum circuit when implementing each alternative physical representation. The assignment is utilized to define the error correction schemes for the quantum circuit.

Abstract: A method, product and apparatus comprising: obtaining an indication of an execution task to be performed by a quantum computer, wherein the execution task comprises executing, by the quantum computer, a quantum program for a number of times that is larger than two times: obtaining a graph comprising nodes that are connected by edges, the graph represents a gate-level implementation of the quantum program, the graph depicts quantum restrictions of the quantum program; and packing multiple graphs according to the quantum restrictions to synthesize a joint circuit, the joint circuit is configured, when executed by the quantum computer, to implement the execution task, the multiple graphs comprise at least one instance of the graph, the one instance of the graph represents a single execution of the quantum program, whereby execution of the joint circuit implements execution of the quantum program for the number of times.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and product comprising: obtaining an indication of an execution task, the execution task comprises executing a quantum program a number of times, the number of times is larger than two times; and selecting a quantum computer from a set of two or more quantum computers for performing the execution task, the set of two or more quantum computers comprise a first quantum computer and a second quantum computer, said selecting the quantum computer is performed based on a first value of a performance parameter that is associated with the first quantum computer and based on a second value of the performance parameter that is associated with the second quantum computer.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and product includes obtaining a logical representation of a quantum circuit and selecting a quantity of physical qubits for a physical representation of the quantum circuit, wherein the selecting of the quantity is based on a utility per-qubit metric that is used to define a utility per-qubit score of the quantum circuit. The utility per-qubit score is determined based on a ratio between a quality score of the quantum circuit when using the quantity of physical qubits and between a cost function of the quantum circuit, wherein the quality score is defined by a quality metric that is monotonically correlated to error rates of logical output qubits. The quantum circuit is synthesized using the quantity of the physical qubits that was selected.