Abstract: A system and method for secure physiological data acquisition and storage. An identifier of a physiological monitoring patch is obtained by a programming wand, the patch configured to store the identifier within a cryptographic circuit. A password for accessing physiological monitoring data collected using that patch is generated based on at least a portion of the identifier, the password is encrypted using a secret key, and the encrypted password is loaded into the cryptographic circuit. The key is loaded onto a monitor recorder that couples with the patch and obtains the physiological monitoring data using the patch, wherein the monitor recorder offloads the data together with the identifier and the decoded password. The identifier and the password are reported to a server that stores the offloaded physiological monitoring data using the identifier within a secure database and grants access to the data upon receipt of the decoded password.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system and method for providing dynamic gain over non-noise electrocardiographic data with the aid of a digital computer are provided. A time series of a plurality of voltage values that comprises a digital representation of a raw electrocardiography (“ECG”) signal recorded by an ambulatory monitor recorder is obtained. One or more segments of the ECG signal is marked as noise, each of the segments including a plurality of the values, based on a difference between a maximum one and a minimum one of the values within that segment. Further segments not marked as noise are analyzed, each of the segments comprising a plurality of the values. A gain factor for all of the values in the analyzed further segments is determined based on the analysis.

Abstract: A system and method for facilitating a cardiac rhythm disorder diagnosis with the aid of a digital computer are provided. Cutaneous action potentials of a patient are recorded as electrocardiogram (ECG) data over a set time period. A set of R-wave peaks is identified within the ECG data and an R-R interval plot is constructed. A difference between recording times of successive pairs of the R-wave peaks in the set is determined. A heart rate associated with each difference is also determined. The pairs of the R-wave peaks and associated heart rate are plotted as the R-R interval plot. A diagnosis of cardiac disorder is facilitated based on patterns of the plotted pairs of the R-wave peaks and the associated heart rates in the R-R interval plot.

Abstract: A system and method for ECG data classification for use in facilitating diagnosis of cardiac rhythm disorders is provided. ECG data is obtained via an electrocardiography monitor with a patient button. A press of the patient button is identified within the ECG data. A button window with a segment of data prior to and after the button press is defined within the ECG data. The ECG data is divided into blocks. Noise detection analysis is applied to the data blocks. A classification of noise or valid data is assigned to each data block based on the noise detection analysis. At least one data block that overlaps the button window is assigned the noise classification. The at least one data block is trimmed to align with one of the start and end of the button window. The trimmed blocks assigned with the noise classification are removed from the data.

Abstract: A system and method for secure physiological data processing and delivery are provided. A log of identifiers of physiological monitoring patches and of passwords is maintained in a secure database. Physiological monitoring data obtained using one of the patches is received by at least one server together with the identifier and the password associated with that patch. The received identifier and password are compared with the identifiers and passwords stored in the log. The received physiological monitoring data is stored in electronic medical records associated with the matching identifier. The password and the identifier associated with the physiological monitoring data are received from a user device over the data communications network. The received password and identifier are compared to the password and the identifier associated with the electrical medical records. The electronic medical records are provided by to the user device over the data communication network based on the comparison.

Abstract: A monitor recorder-implemented method for electrocardiography data compression and an electrocardiography monitor recorder with integral data compression are provided. A series of data items are obtained, each of the data items associated with a magnitude of an ECG signal sensed by a monitor recorder. A range is set for an initial one of the data items in the series. Each of the data items remaining in the series is processed, including: obtaining an estimation of probabilities of the data items appearing next to that data item in the series; dividing the further range into sub-ranges, each sub-range representing a fraction of the further range proportional to the probabilities of the next data items; selecting the sub-range corresponding to the data item next to that data item in the series; and representing the next data item by the selected sub-range in a non-volatile memory.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system and method for providing dynamic gain over non-noise electrocardiographic data with the aid of a digital computer are provided. A time series of a plurality of voltage values that comprises a digital representation of a raw electrocardiography (“ECG”) signal recorded by an ambulatory monitor recorder is obtained. One or more segments of the ECG signal is marked as noise, each of the segments including a plurality of the values, based on a difference between a maximum one and a minimum one of the values within that segment. Further segments not marked as noise are analyzed, each of the segments comprising a plurality of the values. A gain factor for all of the values in the analyzed further segments is determined based on the analysis.

Abstract: An ambulatory rescalable encoding monitor recorder and a method for monitor recorder-implemented rescalable encoding are provided. An encoding table comprising a plurality of codes and a range of electrocardiographic values associated with each of the codes is maintained. Electrocardiographic values are sensed by the monitor recorder during a sequence of temporal windows. The values are processed, the processing including: calculating a difference between a maximum one and a minimum one of the values in each of the windows; comparing each of the differences to an at least one threshold; based on the comparison of the difference for at least one of the windows, adjusting table; encoding each of the values with one of the codes using the table, wherein the adjusted table is used for the encoding of the values in the at least one window; and writing each of the codes into a sequence into the recorder memory.

Abstract: A monitor recorder-implemented method for electrocardiography value encoding and compression is provided. A plurality of codes are maintained, each associated with an electrocardiography value range. A series of electrocardiography values is obtained. A serial accumulator is set to a predetermined value; each of the obtained electrocardiography values from the series of the obtained electrocardiography values is processed, including: performing a mathematical operation on that obtained electrocardiography value and the serial accumulator; identifying the code within the range associated with which a result of the mathematical operation falls; representing that obtained electrography value with the identified code; and adjusting the serial accumulator by a value derived from the range associated with the identified code. Each of the represented codes are into a sequence in a non-volatile memory.

Abstract: A system and method for secure physiological data processing and delivery are provided. A log of identifiers of physiological monitoring patches and of passwords is maintained in a secure database. Physiological monitoring data obtained using one of the patches is received by at least one server together with the identifier and the password associated with that patch. The received identifier and password are compared with the identifiers and passwords stored in the log. The received physiological monitoring data is stored in electronic medical records associated with the matching identifier. The password and the identifier associated with the physiological monitoring data are received from a user device over the data communications network. The received password and identifier are compared to the password and the identifier associated with the electrical medical records. The electronic medical records are provided by to the user device over the data communication network based on the comparison.

Abstract: An ambulatory rescalable encoding monitor recorder and a method for monitor recorder-implemented rescalable encoding are provided. An encoding table comprising a plurality of codes and a range of electrocardiographic values associated with each of the codes is maintained. Electrocardiographic values are sensed by the monitor recorder during a sequence of temporal windows. The values are processed, the processing including: calculating a difference between a maximum one and a minimum one of the values in each of the windows; comparing each of the differences to an at least one threshold; based on the comparison of the difference for at least one of the windows, adjusting table; encoding each of the values with one of the codes using the table, wherein the adjusted table is used for the encoding of the values in the at least one window; and writing each of the codes into a sequence into the recorder memory.

Abstract: The electrode patch can store an identifier, such as a serial number, and a password associated with the identifier. The password can include a cryptographic hash of the identifier. The password and the identifier are coupled to the data collected using the patch and the data can be stored as electronic medical records (EMR) in a database based on the identifier. A patient or another authorized party can access the data using the identifier and the password. The EMRs can also include results of analysis of data received from the monitor, such as an automated over-read of an ECG trace based on the received data.

Abstract: In one embodiment, ECG data collected during the long-term monitoring are compressed through a two-step compression algorithm executed by an electrocardiography monitor. Minimum amplitude signals may become indistinguishable from noise if overly inclusive encoding is employed in which voltage ranges are set too wide. The resulting ECG signal will appear “choppy” and uneven with an abrupt slope. The encoding used in the first stage of compression can be dynamically rescaled on-the-fly when the granularity of the encoding is too coarse. In a further embodiment, offloaded ECG signals are automatically gained as appropriate on a recording-by-recording basis to preserve the amplitude relationship between the signals. Raw decompressed ECG signals are filtered for noise content and any gaps in the signals are bridged. An appropriate signal gain is determined based on a statistical evaluation of peak-to-peak voltage (or other indicator) to land as many ECG waveforms within a desired range of display.

Abstract: A monitor recorder-implemented method for electrocardiography value encoding and compression is provided. A plurality of codes are maintained, each associated with an electrocardiography value range. A series of electrocardiography values is obtained. A serial accumulator is set to a predetermined value; each of the obtained electrocardiography values from the series of the obtained electrocardiography values is processed, including: performing a mathematical operation on that obtained electrocardiography value and the serial accumulator; identifying the code within the range associated with which a result of the mathematical operation falls; representing that obtained electrography value with the identified code; and adjusting the serial accumulator by a value derived from the range associated with the identified code. Each of the represented codes are into a sequence in a non-volatile memory.

Abstract: A system and method for facilitating a cardiac rhythm disorder diagnosis with the aid of a digital computer are provided. Cutaneous action potentials of a patient are recorded as electrocardiogram (ECG) data over a set time period. A set of R-wave peaks is identified within the ECG data and an R-R interval plot is constructed. A difference between recording times of successive pairs of the R-wave peaks in the set is determined. A heart rate associated with each difference is also determined. The pairs of the R-wave peaks and associated heart rate are plotted as the R-R interval plot. A diagnosis of cardiac disorder is facilitated based on patterns of the plotted pairs of the R-wave peaks and the associated heart rates in the R-R interval plot.

Abstract: In one embodiment, ECG data collected during the long-term monitoring are compressed through a two-step compression algorithm executed by an electrocardiography monitor. Minimum amplitude signals may become indistinguishable from noise if overly inclusive encoding is employed in which voltage ranges are set too wide. The resulting ECG signal will appear “choppy” and uneven with an abrupt slope. The encoding used in the first stage of compression can be dynamically rescaled on-the-fly when the granularity of the encoding is too coarse. In a further embodiment, offloaded ECG signals are automatically gained as appropriate on a recording-by-recording basis to preserve the amplitude relationship between the signals. Raw decompressed ECG signals are filtered for noise content and any gaps in the signals are bridged. An appropriate signal gain is determined based on a statistical evaluation of peak-to-peak voltage (or other indicator) to land as many ECG waveforms within a desired range of display.

Abstract: A method for efficiently encoding and compressing ECG data optimized for use in an ambulatory electrocardiography monitor is provided. ECG data is first encoded and compressed in a lossy process and further encoded and compressed in a lossless process. A compression ratio significantly higher than other Holter-type monitors is achieved. Requirements for storage space and power cell consumption are reduced, contributing to the long-term availability of the monitor.

Abstract: R-R interval data is presented in a format that includes relevant near field and far field ECG data. The near field view provides a “pinpoint” classical view at classical recording speed. The far field view that provides an “intermediate” lower resolution, pre- and post-event view. Both ECG data views are temporally keyed to the extended duration R-R interval data that is scaled non-linearly to maximize the visual differentiation for frequently-occurring heart rate ranges. All three views are presented simultaneously. The durations of the pinpoint view, the intermediate view, and the R-R interval plot are flexible and adjustable. Diagnostically relevant cardiac events can be identified and located to allow pre- and post-event heart rhythm data. The pinpoint “snapshot” and intermediate views of ECG data with the extended term R-R interval data comparatively depicts heart rate context and patterns of behavior prior to and after a clinically meaningful arrhythmia or patient concern.

Abstract: R-R interval data is presented in a format that includes relevant near field and far field ECG data. The near field view provides a “pinpoint” classical view at classical recording speed. The far field view that provides an “intermediate” lower resolution, pre- and post-event view. Both ECG data views are temporally keyed to the extended duration R-R interval data that is scaled non-linearly to maximize the visual differentiation for frequently-occurring heart rate ranges. All three views are presented simultaneously. The durations of the pinpoint view, the intermediate view, and the R-R interval plot are flexible and adjustable. Diagnostically relevant cardiac events can be identified and located to allow pre- and post-event heart rhythm data. The pinpoint “snapshot” and intermediate views of ECG data with the extended term R-R interval data comparatively depicts heart rate context and patterns of behavior prior to and after a clinically meaningful arrhythmia or patient concern.

Abstract: A method for efficiently encoding and compressing ECG data optimized for use in an ambulatory electrocardiography monitor is provided. ECG data is first encoded and compressed in a lossy process and further encoded and compressed in a lossless process. A compression ratio significantly higher than other Holter-type monitors is achieved. Requirements for storage space and power cell consumption are reduced, contributing to the long-term availability of the monitor.