Abstract: Disclosed herein is a bioreactor for creating and/or conditioning biological tissues, in particular cardiovascular patches. This bioreactor supports additionally cellular differentiation under controlled conditions. The bioreactor comprises a housing having a first section (20) for holding a nutrition solution and/or a cell suspension (24), means (28) for holding a scaffold (34), said means being disposed or disposable inside said bioreactor housing such that said scaffold (34) held therein is exposed to said nutrition solution and/or cell suspension (24) when contained in said first section (20), mechanical stimulation means (54, 68, 86) for applying mechanical stress and/or strain to said scaffold (34) and/or tissue formed thereon when held by said scaffold holding means (28) in said bioreactor housing, and electrical stimulation means (38, 92) for applying an electrical stimulation to said scaffold (34) and/or tissue formed thereon when held by said scaffold holding means (28) in said bioreactor housing.