Abstract: A filter element for a filter device may include a support structure extending along an axial direction, on which on a circumference side an annular filter medium consisting of filter material may be arranged, and an annular first end disc having a passage opening through which a first pin element may be passed, so that the first pin element may project out of the passage opening along the axial direction, wherein a second pin element may axially project from the first end disc laterally spaced apart from the first pin element.

Abstract: A filter element for a filter device may include a support structure extending along an axial direction, on which on a circumference side an annular filter medium consisting of filter material may be arranged, and an annular first end disc having a passage opening through which a first pin element may be passed, so that the first pin element may project out of the passage opening along the axial direction, wherein a second pin element may axially project from the first end disc laterally spaced apart from the first pin element.

Abstract: A preheating device for an internal combustion engine may include an inlet connection for connecting a distributor rail of a fuel injection system and an outlet connection for connecting a fuel injector of the fuel injection system. A preheating chamber may be fluidically connected with the inlet connection and the outlet connection and be flowable through by a fuel flow. At least one electrical heating element may be included for heating the fuel flow in the preheating chamber. At least one metallic heating body, which may be exposed to the fuel flow in the preheating chamber, may receive the at least one heating element.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine may include at least one distributor unit to supply liquid fluid and a plurality of preheating systems each connected to the distributor unit. The respective preheating systems may have a preheating chamber and at least one heating element. A plurality of connection nozzles may each be connected to respective preheating systems. A fuel path may lead from the distributor unit through the respective preheating chambers to the respective injection nozzles of the plurality of preheating systems. The respective preheating systems may include a housing having an inlet and an outlet. The housing may be connected via a plug-in connection on the inlet to the distributor unit and via a plug-in connection on the outlet to the respective injection nozzle.

Abstract: A preheating device for an internal combustion engine may include an inlet connection for connecting a distributor rail of a fuel injection system and an outlet connection for connecting a fuel injector of the fuel injection system. A preheating chamber may be fluidically connected with the inlet connection and the outlet connection and be flowable through by a fuel flow. At least one electrical heating element may be included for heating the fuel flow in the preheating chamber. At least one metallic heating body, which may be exposed to the fuel flow in the preheating chamber, may receive the at least one heating element.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine may include at least one distributor unit to supply liquid fluid and a plurality of preheating systems each connected to the distributor unit. The respective preheating systems may have a preheating chamber and at least one heating element. A plurality of connection nozzles may each be connected to respective preheating systems. A fuel path may lead from the distributor unit through the respective preheating chambers to the respective injection nozzles of the plurality of preheating systems. The respective preheating systems may include a housing having an inlet and an outlet. The housing may be connected via a plug-in connection on the inlet to the distributor unit and via a plug-in connection on the outlet to the respective injection nozzle.

Abstract: The fuel filter comprises: a housing (10); a lid (20) hermetically retained against an open end (14) of the housing (10) and incorporating an outlet nozzle (21); and a tubular filter element (50) housed inside the housing (10) to define, therewith, an annular fuel admission chamber (C). The filter element (50) has its interior maintained in communication with the outlet nozzle (21) of the lid (20. The housing (10) has the open end (14) thereof provided with an outer thread (16), at least one of the parts defined by the open end (14) of the housing (10) and by the lid (20) carrying a sealing means (30) seated against the other of said parts, the filter further comprising a nut (40) to be engaged to said outer thread (16) of the housing (10) and to the lid (20), maintaining the latter hermetically seated on the housing (10).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for positioning a tip of a needle for injection into and/or removal from an egg. The method includes steps of: measuring at least one electrical parameter characteristic of a target zone to obtain a reference electrical value; measuring the electrical parameter at the tip to obtain a value measured at a position of the tip in the egg; and comparing the measured value with a characteristic reference parameter. A system for determining a position of a tip of a needle for injection into and/or removal from an egg is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of printing a document is disclosed: A format template file is generated by defining locations and sizes on a page of at least two copy holes into which a content element is to be inserted. A group object is created which incorporates the two copy holes by generating a hierarchical data structure which specifies an identifier for the group object and identifies each copy hole of which the group object is comprised. The group object is replicated on a page of the format template file. A merged file is created by merging the format template file, a style template file specifying a font for a text content element. Each content element is identified in respect of a copy hole. The merged file is rendered to create a bitmap. A print engine is operated in accordance with the bitmap to print a document.

Abstract: An airflow converger belonging to the field of auto parts, that was developed to improve air supply conditions and performance of internal combustion engines includes: a tubular body equipped at an upper end with an air inlet, having parallel fins that direct airflow lines in parallel; internally, the body has an inner surface that acts on the airflow; and an opposite end of the body has an outlet positioned horizontally and connected to an air receiving medium like a carburetor or throttle body of a vehicle's engine system, the airflow lines flowing in parallel as they move through the body from the inlet to the outlet.

Abstract: An airflow converger belonging to the field of auto parts, that was developed to improve air supply conditions and performance of internal combustion engines includes: a tubular body equipped at an upper end with an air inlet, having parallel fins that direct airflow lines entirely in parallel; internally, the body has an inner surface that acts on the airflow; and an opposite end of the body has an outlet positioned horizontally and connected to an air receiving medium like a carburetor or throttle body of a vehicle's engine system, the airflow lines flowing entirely in parallel as they move through the body from the inlet to the outlet.

Abstract: An air filter assembly module, belonging to the field of auto parts, and that was developed to improve air supply to internal combustion engines and their performance, includes: a dirty air admission inlet; a chamber, in which the inlet opens; an air filtering element housed in the chamber; a clean air outlet, derived from the chamber and positioned downstream the filtering element; means of noise reduction; an apparatus for recirculation of oil vapors from the oil sump to the combustion chamber; an airflow converger located at the outlet of the module having selected geometry in order for the airflow, subject to constant or variable flow conditions, to be converted from turbulent flow with high recirculation rate to laminar flow with minimized or annulled recirculation rate and turbulence intensity, all incorporated and assembled in a housing assembly located at the top of the engine compartment.