Abstract: The invention concerns a process and apparatus for cracking ammonia in which heated ammonia at super-atmospheric pressure is partially cracked over a first catalyst in a reaction zone of an electrically heated reactor to produce partially cracked ammonia gas which is then cracked in reactor tubes containing a second catalyst in a fired reactor to produce cracked gas comprising hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas and residual ammonia. The cracked gas is cooled and hydrogen is recovered from the cooled cracked gas in a hydrogen recovery unit. Offgas from the hydrogen recovery unit, or a cracked offgas derived therefrom, provides at least some, preferably all, of the fuel requirement in the fired reactor. Varying the power input to the first part of the cracking reaction enables direct control of the heat flux profile and hence accommodate any excess or shortfall in the heat input from the fired reactor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process and apparatus for cracking ammonia in which heated ammonia at super-atmospheric pressure is partially cracked in reactor tubes containing a first catalyst in a fired reactor to produce partially cracked ammonia gas which is then cracked over a second catalyst in a reaction zone of an electrically heated reactor to produce cracked gas comprising hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas and residual ammonia. The cracked gas is cooled and hydrogen is recovered from the cooled cracked gas in a hydrogen recovery unit. Offgas from the hydrogen recovery unit, or a cracked offgas derived therefrom, provides at least some, preferably all, of the fuel requirement in the fired reactor. Varying the power input to the second part of the cracking reaction enables direct control of the heat flux profile and hence optimization of the conversion.

Abstract: A method for pyrolysing a methane-rich stream to produce hydrogen and a solid carbon intermediate. The solid carbon intermediate may then be transported to a second location to be gasified to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide, the latter of which may be sequestered at the second location. Because the solid carbon intermediate may be transported more easily than carbon dioxide, this allows the decoupling of hydrogen production from carbon dioxide sequestration.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for separating CO2 and sulfur-containing compounds from a synthesis gas obtained from gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock. The primary separating steps are performed using a sour pressure swing adsorption (SPSA) system, followed by an acid gas enrichment system and a sulfur removal unit. The SPSA system includes multiple pressure equalization steps and a rinse step using a rinse gas that is supplied from a source other than directly from one of the adsorber beds of the SPSA system.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for separating CO2 and sulfur-containing compounds from a synthesis gas obtained from gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock. The primary separating steps are performed using a sour pressure swing adsorption (SPSA) system, followed by an acid gas enrichment system and a sulfur removal unit. The SPSA system includes multiple pressure equalization steps and a rinse step using a rinse gas that is supplied from a source other than directly from one of the adsorber beds of the SPSA system.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and system involving pressurizing an atmospheric gas stream to form at least a compressed atmospheric gas stream, directing the compressed atmospheric gas stream to a first regenerator for cooling, pressurizing to above a second predetermined pressure to form at least a supercritical atmospheric gas stream, directing the supercritical atmospheric gas stream to a second regenerator for cooling, reducing pressure to form at least a liquefied atmospheric gas stream, selectively storing the liquefied atmospheric gas stream, pressurizing the liquefied atmospheric gas stream to form at least a pressurized liquefied atmospheric gas stream, heating the pressurized liquefied atmospheric gas stream in the second regenerator to form at least a heated stream, expanding the heated stream to form at least a medium pressure atmospheric gas stream, directing the medium pressure atmospheric gas stream to the first regenerator, and heating the medium pressure atmospheric gas stream in the first regenerat

Abstract: The light-emitting device comprising an anode, a cathode, a semi-conducting layer between the anode and the cathode and a hole injection layer comprising a conducting polymer between the anode and the semi-conducting layer; where an interfacial bonding layer is formed in-situ between the hole injection layer and the semi-conducting is disclosed.

Abstract: A highly oxygen-sensitive silicon layer (2) is formed on a substrate (4) of, for example, SiC. The layer (2) has a 4×3 surface structure. The silicon layer (2) is deposited on a surface of the substrate (4) in a substantially uniform manner. The highly oxygen-sensitive silicon layer of the present invention may be used, for example in microelectronics.