Abstract: A coupling pin anti-rotation arrangement is provided for a switchable roller finger follower within a valve train of an internal combustion engine. The coupling pin, located on one of the levers, has a first locking surface, and includes at least one coupling pin-side anti-rotation flat; the other lever, with a second locking surface, is configured with at least one lever-side anti-rotation flat. The at least one lever-side anti-rotation flat slidably guides the at least one coupling pin-side anti-rotation flat such that the first locking surface is aligned with the second locking surface throughout longitudinal displacement of the coupling pin within a coupling pin bore. The coupling pin anti-rotation arrangement is adaptable to various switchable roller finger follower designs that incorporate different valve lift strategies and lever configurations.

Abstract: A coupling pin anti-rotation arrangement is provided for a switchable roller finger follower within a valve train of an internal combustion engine capable of switching between at least two valve lift modes. The switchable roller finger follower includes an inner lever, an outer lever, a coupling pin, and an anti-rotation clip. The coupling pin, located on one of the inner or outer levers, has a first locking surface, and a first, and preferably, second coupling pin-side anti-rotation flat. The coupling pin moves longitudinally within a coupling pin bore to a first, locked position and a second, unlocked position. The anti-rotation clip has a first and, preferably, second clip-side finger to slidably guide the first and second coupling pin-side anti-rotation flats to ensure alignment of the first locking surface with a second locking surface, located on the other of the inner lever or the outer lever, during all modes of operation.

Abstract: A switchable finger follower is provided having an inner lever with a sliding pad located between first and second inner lever ends. The sliding pad has at least one of an anti-friction coating or a surface finish of Ra 0.05 or better forming a cam contact surface. An outer lever supports the inner lever, and includes a first outer lever end mounted for pivoting movement at the first end of the inner lever by a pivot axle. A coupling pin is arranged on one of the inner or outer levers on an end opposite from the pivot axle. The coupling pin has a coupling projection with a first locking surface, and is moveable from a first, locked position with the first locking surface engaged with a second locking surface located on the other of the inner lever or the outer lever, to a second, unlocked position. A lost motion element is arranged between the inner lever and the outer lever.

Abstract: A coupling pin anti-rotation arrangement is provided for a switchable roller finger follower within a valve train of an internal combustion engine capable of switching between at least two valve lift modes. The switchable roller finger follower includes an inner lever, an outer lever, a coupling pin, and an anti-rotation clip. The coupling pin, located on one of the inner or outer levers, has a first locking surface, and a first, and preferably, second coupling pin-side anti-rotation flat. The coupling pin moves longitudinally within a coupling pin bore to a first, locked position and a second, unlocked position. The anti-rotation clip has a first and, preferably, second clip-side finger to slidably guide the first and second coupling pin-side anti-rotation flats to ensure alignment of the first locking surface with a second locking surface, located on the other of the inner lever or the outer lever, during all modes of operation.

Abstract: A switchable valve train assembly including a rocker shaft is provided. The rocker shaft includes a first chamber extending between a first axial end and a second axial end of the rocker shaft and a second chamber extending between the first axial end and the second axial end of the rocker shaft. A seepage orifice is defined between the first chamber and the second chamber and provides a fluid connection between the first chamber and the second chamber. The first chamber includes a first actuator port in fluid connection with a first intake port for a hydraulic lash adjuster. The second chamber includes a second actuator port in fluid connection with a second intake port for a locking assembly.

Abstract: A coupling pin anti-rotation arrangement is provided for a switchable roller finger follower within a valve train of an internal combustion engine. The coupling pin, located on one of the levers, has a first locking surface, and includes at least one coupling pin-side anti-rotation flat; the other lever, with a second locking surface, is configured with at least one lever-side anti-rotation flat. The at least one lever-side anti-rotation flat slidably guides the at least one coupling pin-side anti-rotation flat such that the first locking surface is aligned with the second locking surface throughout longitudinal displacement of the coupling pin within a coupling pin bore. The coupling pin anti-rotation arrangement is adaptable to various switchable roller finger follower designs that incorporate different valve lift strategies and lever configurations.

Abstract: A switchable valve train assembly including a carrier housing defining a hydraulic circuit, a supply assembly, a plurality of rocker shafts, a plurality of separators, and a plurality of rocker arm assemblies is provided. Each one of the plurality of separators divides the rocker shafts into (1) a first chamber extending between a first chamber axial end and the separator, and (2) a second chamber extending between a second chamber axial end and the separator. The plurality of separators each include an orifice defined between the first chamber and the second chamber that provides fluid connection between the first chamber and the second chamber. Locking assemblies of the rocker arm assemblies are selectively actuated based on the supply assembly. The separators ensure that hydraulic fluid within the hydraulic fluid is de-aerated and that the second chambers remain primed with hydraulic fluid for faster actuation of the locking assemblies.

Abstract: A facile approach is described to prepare monodisperse Fe3O4 and Co3O4 nanoparticles on chemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to form nanocomposites by low temperature solution route and MWI method, respectively. These processes are environmentally friendly and convenient compared with previously reported methods. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized using x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements and UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy. XRD patterns revealed the high crystalline quality of the nanocomposites. SEM micrographs showed the morphology of the rGO nanosheets decorated by Co3O4 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles. UV/Vis study revealed the formation of Fe3O4/rGO and Co3O4/rGO nanocomposites with characteristics absorption maxima. Finally, preliminary results of using the Fe3O4/rGO and Co3O4/rGO composites for efficient killing of Human hepatocytes cancer (HepG2) cell are reported.

Abstract: A hollow rocker shaft including a central opening defined by a radially inner surface and a separator secured in the central opening of the rocker shaft is provided. A radially outer surface of the separator engages the radially inner surface of the rocker shaft via a press-fit. The separator divides the central opening of the rocker shaft into (1) a first chamber extending between a first chamber axial end and the separator, and (2) a second chamber extending between a second chamber axial end and the separator. The separator includes an orifice defined between the first chamber and the second chamber that provides fluid connection between the first chamber and the second chamber.

Abstract: A switchable rocker arm for valve deactivation is provided for a valve train of an internal combustion engine. The switchable rocker arm includes a cam lever assembly, a valve lever assembly, and a hydraulically actuated coupling assembly that is radially arranged between the cam lever and valve lever assemblies. The coupling assembly includes a shuttle pin, a locking pin with a round or flat locking interface, and optional shuttle pin and locking pin sleeves. In a first, locked position, the rotational motion of a camshaft is translated to linear motion of an engine valve. In a second, unlocked position, the cam lever assembly rotates about the valve lever assembly, facilitating valve deactivation. A pivot joint arranged between the cam lever and valve lever assemblies facilitates an arcuate lost motion of the cam lever assembly. An integrated arrangement for one or more lost motions springs offers packaging and functional advantages.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a patient-governed healthcare information database environment. The environment provides a central repository for receiving healthcare and related information of a patient, facilitating access by a plurality of authorized consumers (e.g. medical providers) of that information. The environment allows dynamic modification of the database to include many types of information, including data from smart devices, patient activity logs, and responses to customized assessments created by the patient or others. The environment also allows dynamic mining of database information according to flexible queries specifying parameters determined by the consumer of the healthcare information. Access to other patient environments may be granted, such that database modification permits data mining for patient cohorts sharing common characteristics. Some embodiments allow dynamic interaction between the environment and a provider, for example to issue an alert based upon database content (e.g.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a patient-governed healthcare information database environment. The environment provides a central repository for receiving healthcare and related information of a patient, facilitating access by a plurality of authorized consumers (e.g. medical providers) of that information. The environment allows dynamic modification of the database to include many types of information, including data from smart devices, patient activity logs, and responses to customized assessments created by the patient or others. The environment also allows dynamic mining of database information according to flexible queries specifying parameters determined by the consumer of the healthcare information. Access to other patient environments may be granted, such that database modification permits data mining for patient cohorts sharing common characteristics. Some embodiments allow dynamic interaction between the environment and a provider, for example to issue an alert based upon database content (e.g.

Abstract: When transporting delay-sensitive traffics such as voice, video and radar data over Internet Protocol (IP), control of end-to-end delay becomes a challenge. Typical approaches tie up bandwidths for entire duration of call. Second thing they do, is prioritization of certain classes over others, to control queuing delays, but this prioritization, remains at class-level and does not go to individual session-levels. As a result certain sessions within a class get more delay than others. Depending upon situation, it can cause adverse effects to certain QoS sessions. In our invention we have developed an intelligent priority scheme which adapts serving priorities of sessions to control ETE delay of each individual QoS session. Priority adapting mechanism is based on feedback control which measures ETE delay of QoS session at destination node and broadcasts it to all nodes along the route of the session to adapt session's priorities to control ETE delay.