Abstract: A method for making zeolite-Y particles may include forming a zeolite precursor solution that may include an alumina source material and a silica source material in a solvent. The method may also include subjecting the zeolite precursor solution to a heating process to form the zeolite-Y particles. The heating process may include a first heating treatment and a second heating treatment. The second heating treatment may follow the first heating treatment. The first heating treatment may include exposure to a temperature of from 50° C. to 120° C. under non-autoclave conditions and the second heating treatment may include exposure to a temperature of from 80° C. to 120° C. under autoclave conditions.

Abstract: A method of making zeolite-Y particles may include dissolving a silica source material into a first solvent to form a first solution and dissolving an alumina source material into a second solvent to form a second solution. The method may also include combining the first solution with the second solution to form a combined mixture. The combined mixture may include a templating agent. The method may include aging the combined mixture for a time period of from 10 hours to 30 hours to form a zeolite precursor solution and heating the zeolite precursor solution at a temperature of from 50° C. to 70° C. to form an intermediate mixture. The method may include heating the intermediate mixture at a temperature of from 80° C. to 120° C. to form the zeolite-Y particles.

Abstract: A method for making zeolite-Y particles, the method may include forming a zeolite precursor solution including an alumina source material and a silica source material in a solvent. The method may include heating the zeolite precursor solution at a temperature of from 50° C. to 70° C. for a time period of from 12 hours to 24 hours to form an intermediate mixture. The method may include adding a structure directing agent and a swelling agent to the intermediate mixture; and following the adding of the structure directing agent and the swelling agent to the intermediate mixture, heating the intermediate mixture at a temperature of from 50° C. to 120° C. for a time period of from 12 hours to 24 hours to form the zeolite-Y particles.

Abstract: A method for making zeolite-Y particles may include forming an initial zeolite precursor solution including an initial alumina source material and a silica source material in a solvent. The method may also include heating the initial zeolite precursor solution at a temperature of at least 50° C. to form an intermediate mixture. The method may also include adding additional alumina source material to the intermediate mixture. Following the adding of the additional alumina source material to the intermediate mixture, the intermediate mixture may be heated at a temperature of at least 50° C. to form zeolite-Y particles.

Abstract: A method for making zeolite-Y particles may include forming an initial zeolite precursor solution including an alumina source material and a silica source material in a solvent, and subjecting the initial zeolite precursor solution to a first heating process to form zeolite-Y particles in a residual liquid solution, and separating the zeolite-Y particles from the residual liquid solution. The residual liquid solution may include some remaining non-crystalized silica source material, and the residual liquid solution may have a different alumina to silica molar ratio than the initial zeolite precursor. The method may further include forming a recycled zeolite precursor solution that may include at least a portion of the residual liquid solution and one or both of additional alumina source material or additional silica source material, such that the recycled zeolite precursor solution has an alumina to silica molar ratio within 10% of the alumina to silica ratio of the initial zeolite precursor solution.

Abstract: This disclosure generally relates to methods for producing catalyst compositions, which may include forming a precursor solution comprising a silicon-containing material, an aluminum-containing material, and a quaternary amine, hydrothermally treating the precursor solution at a first temperature to form an intermediate mixture, hydrothermally treating the intermediate mixture at a second temperature to form beta zeolite, wherein the first temperature is less than the second temperature by at least 200° C., forming an extrudable mixture comprising the beta zeolite, alumina, a metal precursor, and a binder, extruding the extrudable mixture to form extrudates, and calcining the extrudates to form the catalyst composition.

Abstract: A method of making a mesoporous zeolite may include combining an initial zeolite with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide to form an initial zeolite mixture. The method may also include adding ammonium hexafluorosilicate and ammonium hydroxide to the initial zeolite mixture to form a treated zeolite mixture. The method may also include heating the treated zeolite mixture to form the mesoporous zeolite.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing a mesoporous nano-sized ultra-stable Y zeolite include combining a microporous Y zeolite having a SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio of less than 5.2 with water to form a microporous Y zeolite slurry and heating the microporous Y zeolite slurry to 30° C. to 100° C. to form a heated microporous Y zeolite slurry. Further the method includes adding a 0.1M to 2.0M ammonium hexafluorosilicate solution and a 0.1M to 2.0M ammonium hydroxide solution in a drop-wise manner, either sequentially or simultaneously, to the heated microporous Y zeolite slurry to form a treated zeolite solution and holding the treated zeolite solution at 50° C. to 100° C. Finally the method includes filtering and washing the dealuminated solution with water to form an ultra-stable Y zeolite precursor, drying the ultra-stable Y zeolite precursor, and calcining the dried zeolite precursor to form the nano-sized ultra-stable Y zeolite.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing a mesoporous nano-sized zeolite beta are described. The method may include mixing an aqueous base solution with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to form a first solution; adding nano-sized zeolite particles having a particle size of less than or equal to 100 nm to the first solution to form a second solution. The nano-sized zeolite particles include a microporous framework with a plurality of micropores having diameters of less than or equal to 2 nm and a BEA framework type. The method may further include transferring the second solution to an autoclave operated at 25° C. to 200° C. for 3 to 24 hours to form a colloid; drying the colloid at 100° C. to 200° C. for 8 to 36 hours without washing the colloid to form a zeolite precursor; and calcining the zeolite precursor at 250° C. to 600° C. for 1 to 8 hours to form the mesoporous nano-sized zeolite beta.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing a mesoporous nano-sized ultra-stable Y zeolite include adding sodium aluminate and colloidal silica to an aqueous NaOH solution and mixing to form a hydrogel having a molar ratio composition of 8 to 12 Na2O:Al2O3:14 SiO2:200 to 400 H2O. The method further includes heating the hydrogel to an autoclave to form a zeolite precursor which is filtered and washed to form a nano-sized Y zeolite. Further the method includes combining the nano-sized Y zeolite with water to form a nano-sized Y zeolite slurry mixture and then adding a 0.1 to 2.0 M aqueous solution of ammonium hexafluorosilicate to form a dealuminated solution. Finally the method includes filtering and washing the dealuminated solution with water to form an ultra-stable Y zeolite precursor, drying the ultra-stable Y zeolite precursor, and calcining the dried zeolite precursor to form the nano-sized ultra-stable Y zeolite.

Abstract: A system for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon feeds, such as crude oil, include a hydrotreating unit, a hydrotreated effluent separation system, a solvent-assisted adsorption system, and a hydrocracking unit. Processes for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon feeds include hydrotreating the hydrocarbon feed to produce a hydrotreated effluent that includes asphaltenes, separating the hydrotreated effluent into a lesser boiling hydrotreated effluent and a greater boiling hydrotreated effluent comprising the asphaltenes, combining the greater boiling hydrotreated effluent with a light paraffin solvent to produce a combined stream, adsorbing the asphaltenes from the combined stream to produce an adsorption effluent, and hydrocracking the lesser boiling hydrotreated effluent and at least a portion of the adsorption effluent to produce a hydrocracked effluent with hydrocarbons boiling less than 180° C. The systems and processes increase the hydrocarbon conversion and yield of hydrocarbons boiling less than 180° C.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing a mesoporous nano-sized zeolite beta are described. The method may include mixing an aqueous base solution with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to form a first solution; adding nano-sized zeolite particles having a particle size of less than or equal to 100 nm to the first solution to form a second solution. The nano-sized zeolite particles include a microporous framework with a plurality of micropores having diameters of less than or equal to 2 nm and a BEA framework type. The method may further include transferring the second solution to an autoclave operated at 25° C. to 200° ° C. for 3 to 24 hours to form a colloid; drying the colloid at 100° C. to 200° C. for 8 to 36 hours without washing the colloid to form a zeolite precursor; and calcining the zeolite precursor at 250° ° C. to 600° ° C. for 1 to 8 hours to form the mesoporous nano-sized zeolite beta.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing a mesoporous nano-sized zeolite beta are described. The method includes preparing an aqueous hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) solution and adding nano-sized zeolite particles having a BEA framework type, a particle size of less than or equal to 100 nm, and a microporous framework with a plurality of micropore s having diameters of less than or equal to 2 nm to form a second solution. The second solution does not include a base. The method further includes transferring the second solution to an autoclave operated at 25° C. to 200° C. for 3 to 24 hours to form a colloid; washing the colloid with water to form a washed colloid; drying the washed colloid at 100° C. to 200° C. for 4 to 24 hours to form a zeolite precursor; and calcining the zeolite precursor at 250° C. to 600° C. for 1 to 8 hours to form the mesoporous nano-sized zeolite beta.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing a mesoporous nano-sized ultra-stable Y zeolite include adding sodium aluminate and colloidal silica to an aqueous NaOH solution and mixing to form a hydrogel having a molar ratio composition of 8 to 12 Na2O:Al2O3:14 SiO2:200 to 400 H2O. The method further includes heating the hydrogel to an autoclave to form a zeolite precursor which is filtered and washed to form a nano-sized Y zeolite. Further the method includes combining the nano-sized Y zeolite with water to form a nano-sized Y zeolite slurry mixture and then adding a 0.1 to 2.0 M aqueous solution of ammonium hexafluorosilicate to form a dealuminated solution. Finally the method includes filtering and washing the dealuminated solution with water to form an ultra-stable Y zeolite precursor, drying the ultra-stable Y zeolite precursor, and calcining the dried zeolite precursor to form the nano-sized ultra-stable Y zeolite.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing a mesoporous nano-sized ultra-stable Y zeolite include combining a microporous Y zeolite having a SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio of less than 5.2 with water to form a microporous Y zeolite slurry and heating the microporous Y zeolite slurry to 30° C. to 100° C. to form a heated microporous Y zeolite slurry. Further the method includes adding a 0.1M to 2.0M ammonium hexafluorosilicate solution and a 0.1M to 2.0M ammonium hydroxide solution in a drop-wise manner, either sequentially or simultaneously, to the heated microporous Y zeolite slurry to form a treated zeolite solution and holding the treated zeolite solution at 50° C. to 100° C. Finally the method includes filtering and washing the dealuminated solution with water to form an ultra-stable Y zeolite precursor, drying the ultra-stable Y zeolite precursor, and calcining the dried zeolite precursor to form the nano-sized ultra-stable Y zeolite.

Abstract: This disclosure generally relates to methods for producing catalyst compositions, which may include forming a precursor solution comprising a silicon-containing material, an aluminum-containing material, and a quaternary amine, hydrothermally treating the precursor solution at a first temperature to form an intermediate mixture, hydrothermally treating the intermediate mixture at a second temperature to form beta zeolite, wherein the first temperature is less than the second temperature by at least 200° C., forming an extrudable mixture comprising the beta zeolite, alumina, a metal precursor, and a binder, extruding the extrudable mixture to form extrudates, and calcining the extrudates to form the catalyst composition.

Abstract: According to embodiments disclosed herein, a method of forming nano-sized, mesoporous zeolite particles may include contacting initial nano-sized zeolite particles with a first mixture to form nano-sized, mesoporous zeolite particles from the initial nano-sized zeolite particles. The initial nano-sized zeolite particles may have a particle size of less than or equal to 100 nm and may have an average pore size of less than 2 nm. The first mixture may include NaOH; NH4NO3, NH4OH, or both; and a surfactant. The NaOH and the surfactant may interact with the initial nano-sized zeolite particles to remove one or more silica components of the initial nano-sized zeolite particles to form mesopores. The NH4NO3, NH4OH, or both may interact with the initial nano-sized zeolite particles to exchange at least one positively-charged ion from the NH4NO3, NH4OH, or both with at least one positively-charged ion from the initial nano-sized zeolite particles.

Abstract: A system for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon feeds, such as crude oil, include a hydrotreating unit, a hydrotreated effluent separation system, a solvent-assisted adsorption system, and a hydrocracking unit. Processes for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon feeds include hydrotreating the hydrocarbon feed to produce a hydrotreated effluent that includes asphaltenes, separating the hydrotreated effluent into a lesser boiling hydrotreated effluent and a greater boiling hydrotreated effluent comprising the asphaltenes, combining the greater boiling hydrotreated effluent with a light paraffin solvent to produce a combined stream, adsorbing the asphaltenes from the combined stream to produce an adsorption effluent, and hydrocracking the lesser boiling hydrotreated effluent and at least a portion of the adsorption effluent to produce a hydrocracked effluent with hydrocarbons boiling less than 180° C. The systems and processes increase the hydrocarbon conversion and yield of hydrocarbons boiling less than 180° C.

Abstract: A system for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon feeds, such as crude oil, include a hydrotreating unit, a hydrotreated effluent separation system, a solvent-assisted adsorption system, and a hydrocracking unit. Processes for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon feeds include hydrotreating the hydrocarbon feed to produce a hydrotreated effluent that includes asphaltenes, separating the hydrotreated effluent into a lesser boiling hydrotreated effluent and a greater boiling hydrotreated effluent comprising the asphaltenes, combining the greater boiling hydrotreated effluent with a light paraffin solvent to produce a combined stream, adsorbing the asphaltenes from the combined stream to produce an adsorption effluent, and hydrocracking the lesser boiling hydrotreated effluent and at least a portion of the adsorption effluent to produce a hydrocracked effluent with hydrocarbons boiling less than 180° C. The systems and processes increase the hydrocarbon conversion and yield of hydrocarbons boiling less than 180° C.

Abstract: A system for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon feeds, such as crude oil, include a hydrotreating unit, a hydrotreated effluent separation system, a solvent-assisted adsorption system, and a hydrocracking unit. Processes for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon feeds include hydrotreating the hydrocarbon feed to produce a hydrotreated effluent that includes asphaltenes, separating the hydrotreated effluent into a lesser boiling hydrotreated effluent and a greater boiling hydrotreated effluent comprising the asphaltenes, combining the greater boiling hydrotreated effluent with a light paraffin solvent to produce a combined stream, adsorbing the asphaltenes from the combined stream to produce an adsorption effluent, and hydrocracking the lesser boiling hydrotreated effluent and at least a portion of the adsorption effluent to produce a hydrocracked effluent with hydrocarbons boiling less than 180° C. The systems and processes increase the hydrocarbon conversion and yield of hydrocarbons boiling less than 180° C.