Abstract: An electrical chain-link converter system includes a converter phase leg for converting a plurality of DC electrical currents from a plurality of DC power sources to an AC current of an electrical power distribution network. The phase leg includes a plurality of serially connected converter cells each of which is connected to a respective power source of the plurality of DC power sources. The system also includes a control unit associated with the phase leg, the control unit including a processor; and a storage unit storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the control unit to, for each of the converter cells: obtain a dedicated voltage reference for the converter cell; and transmit the voltage reference to the converter cell.

Abstract: A reverse-conducting insulated gate bipolar transistor, particularly a bi-mode insulated gate transistor, is controlled by responding to an ON command by applying high-level gate voltage for a first period, during which a current is fed into a connection point, from which it flows either through the RC-IGBT or along a different path. Based hereon, it is determined whether the RC-IGBT conducts in its forward/IGBT or reverse/diode mode, and the RC-IGBT is either driven at high or low gate voltage. Subsequent conduction mode changes may be monitored in the same way, and the gate voltage may be adjusted accordingly. A special turn-off procedure may be applied in response to an OFF command in cases where the RC-IGBT conducts in the reverse mode, wherein a high-level pulse is applied for a second period before the gate voltage goes down to turn-off level.

Abstract: An electrical chain-link converter system includes a converter phase leg for converting a plurality of DC electrical currents from a plurality of DC power sources to an AC current of an electrical power distribution network. The phase leg includes a plurality of serially connected converter cells each of which is connected to a respective power source of the plurality of DC power sources. The system also includes a control unit associated with the phase leg, the control unit including a processor; and a storage unit storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the control unit to, for each of the converter cells: obtain a dedicated voltage reference for the converter cell; and transmit the voltage reference to the converter cell.

Abstract: It is presented a converter cell comprising: a first terminal and a second terminal; an energy storage device connected on a first end to the second terminal; a first switch connected on a first end to the first terminal; a second switch arranged between the two terminals; and a third switch connected between a second end of the first switch and a second end of the energy storage device. A corresponding converter arm and method are also presented.

Abstract: A modular voltage source converter (100) comprises a plurality of cells conformal to a basic cell design comprising a first and a second terminal, a capacitor and at least two switches arranged in a half-bridge or full-bridge configuration. In the converter, a first group is formed by a number n of cells (101-k, k=1, n) connected serially at their terminals, and a second group is formed by an equal number n of cells (102-k, k=1, n) connected serially at their terminals. The terminals of the cells (101-k) in said first group are connected, via a resistive or inductive connection element (110-k), to the terminals of corresponding cells (102-k) in said second group.

Abstract: A modular voltage source converter (100) comprises a plurality of cells conformal to a basic cell design comprising a first and a second terminal, a capacitor and at least two switches arranged in a half-bridge or full-bridge configuration. In the converter, a first group is formed by a number n of cells (101-k, k=1, . . . , n) connected serially at their terminals, and a second group is formed by an equal number n of cells (102-k, k=1, . . . , n) connected serially at their terminals. The terminals of the cells (101-k) in said first group are connected, via a resistive or inductive connection element (110-k), to the terminals of corresponding cells(102-k) in said second group.

Abstract: A method of controlling a magnitude of an electrical parameter in a power system via a high voltage electron tube. The method includes the steps of measuring the magnitude of the electrical parameter; generating a control signal based on the magnitude of the electrical parameter and on a reference magnitude of the electrical parameter; and switching the high voltage electron tube via the control signal such that the reference magnitude of the electrical parameter is essentially obtained. A control arrangement and a power system is also presented.

Abstract: It is presented a converter cell comprising: a first terminal and a second terminal; an energy storage device connected on a first end to the second terminal; a first switch connected on a first end to the first terminal; a second switch arranged between the two terminals; and a third switch connected between a second end of the first switch and a second end of the energy storage device. A corresponding converter arm and method are also presented.

Abstract: A high voltage dc power source for providing a charging current to an electronic device, including one or more strings connected in parallel, each string being subdivided into dc power source units connected in series and each string being provided with a solid-state switch configured to connect and disconnect the string, and a control unit adapted to turn on and turn off the solid-state switch, and the control unit is configured, upon receiving an order to connect the string, to control the switch of the string to be alternately turned on and off so that a soft charging of the electronic device is achieved.

Abstract: A reverse-conducting insulated gate bipolar transistor, particularly a bi-mode insulated gate transistor, is controlled by responding to an ON command by applying high-level gate voltage for a first period, during which a current is fed into a connection point, from which it flows either through the RC-IGBT or along a different path. Based hereon, it is determined whether the RC-IGBT conducts in its forward/IGBT or reverse/diode mode, and the RC-IGBT is either driven at high or low gate voltage. Subsequent conduction mode changes may be monitored in the same way, and the gate voltage may be adjusted accordingly. A special turn-off procedure may be applied in response to an OFF command in cases where the RC-IGBT conducts in the reverse mode, wherein a high-level pulse is applied for a second period before the gate voltage goes down to turn-off level.

Abstract: An energy storage device for a power compensator including a battery stack including a plurality of battery units connected in series, each of the battery units including one or more parallel-connected battery modules including a plurality of battery cells, where each battery unit further includes a bypass switch connected in parallel with the battery modules and the energy storage device comprises a control unit which is operatively connected to the bypass switches and adapted to receive information on a failure in any of the battery modules and to close the bypass switch in order to bypass the battery unit in case of a failure in any of the battery modules of the battery unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to power networks, and in particular to a battery energy source arrangement and voltage source converter system in such network. The battery energy source arrangement includes battery energy storage, having one or more parallel-connected battery strings and a mechanism for connecting a voltage of the battery strings to a load. The battery energy source arrangement further includes battery string voltage adapter devices connected in series with respective ones of the one or more battery strings wherein the battery string voltage adapter devices are designed to handle only a fraction of the voltage handled by the battery strings.

Abstract: A method of controlling a magnitude of an electrical parameter in a power system via a high voltage electron tube. The method includes the steps of measuring the magnitude of the electrical parameter; generating a control signal based on the magnitude of the electrical parameter and on a reference magnitude of the electrical parameter; and switching the high voltage electron tube via the control signal such that the reference magnitude of the electrical parameter is essentially obtained. A control arrangement and a power system is also presented.

Abstract: A battery energy storage system including a control unit and a plurality of battery units. The battery units are arranged in series, and each battery unit includes a semiconductor switch and a battery module including a plurality of battery cells. Each battery module is connected in series with a respective semiconductor switch, and the control unit is operatively connected to the semiconductor switch and adapted to control the semiconductor switch of every battery unit.

Abstract: A voltage source converter having a plurality of cell modules connected in series, each cell module including a converter unit having an ac-side and a dc-side, and the voltage source converter includes a control unit adapted to control the converter units, where at least one of the cell modules includes a second redundant converter unit having an ac-side which is connected in parallel with the ac-side of the first converter unit and the control unit is configured to substantially synchronously control the first and the second converter units.

Abstract: A high voltage dc power source for providing a charging current to an electronic device, including one or more strings connected in parallel, each string being subdivided into dc power source units connected in series and each string being provided with a solid-state switch configured to connect and disconnect the string, and a control unit adapted to turn on and turn off the solid-state switch, and the control unit is configured, upon receiving an order to connect the string, to control the switch of the string to be alternately turned on and off so that a soft charging of the electronic device is achieved.

Abstract: Voltage source converter based on a chain-link cell topology including one or more phases, each of the phases having one or more series-connected chain-link cell modules connected to each other. The output voltage of the voltage source converter is controlled by control signals applied to the series-connected chain-link cell modules. In case of failure of a chain-link cell module, that module is controlled, by the control signals, such that zero output voltage is provided at its output voltage AC terminal.

Abstract: An energy storage device for a power compensator including a battery stack including a plurality of battery units connected in series, each of the battery units including one or more parallel-connected battery modules including a plurality of battery cells, where each battery unit further includes a bypass switch connected in parallel with the battery modules and the energy storage device comprises a control unit which is operatively connected to the bypass switches and adapted to receive information on a failure in any of the battery modules and to close the bypass switch in order to bypass the battery unit in case of a failure in any of the battery modules of the battery unit.

Abstract: A voltage source converter having a plurality of cell modules connected in series, each cell module including a converter unit having an ac-side and a dc-side, and the voltage source converter includes a control unit adapted to control the converter units, where at least one of the cell modules includes a second redundant converter unit having an ac-side which is connected in parallel with the ac-side of the first converter unit and the control unit is configured to substantially synchronously control the first and the second converter units.

Abstract: A power apparatus for a high voltage electrical power system, that includes a voltage source converter and a high voltage dc power source including one or more strings having a plurality of dc power source members connected in series, and switches configured to connect and disconnect the strings, where the switches are solid-state switches, each string is subdivided into a plurality of dc power source units each dc power source unit including a plurality of dc power source members connected in series and each dc power source unit is provided with one of the solid-state switches configured to connect and disconnect the dc power source unit, and that all solid-state switches in the string are arranged so that they are turned on and off simultaneously.