Abstract: Provided herein is a technology for an Autonomous Vehicle Cloud System (AVCS). This AVCS provides sensing, data fusion, prediction, decision-making, and/or control instructions for specific vehicles at a microscopic level based on data from one or more of other vehicles, roadside unit (RSU), cloud-based platform, and traffic control center/traffic control unit (TCC/TCU). Specifically, the AVs can be effectively and efficiently operated and controlled by the AVCS. The AVCS provides individual vehicles with detailed time-sensitive control instructions for fulfilling driving tasks, including car following, lane changing, route guidance, and other related information. The AVCS is configured to predict individual vehicle behavior and provide planning and decision-making at a microscopic level. In addition, the AVCS is configured to provide one or more of virtual traffic light management, travel demand assignment, traffic state estimation, and platoon control.

Abstract: Provided herein is a technology for an Autonomous Vehicle Intelligent System (AVIS), which facilitates vehicle operations and control for autonomous driving. The AVIS and related methods provide vehicles with vehicle-specific information for a vehicle to perform driving tasks such as car following, lane changing, and route guidance. The AVIS comprises an onboard unit (OBU), wherein the OBU comprises a communication module communicating with one or more of other autonomous vehicles (AV), a roadside unit (RSU), a cloud platform, and a traffic control center/traffic control unit (TCC/TCU). The AVIS implements one or more of the following functions: sensing, prediction, decision-making, and vehicle control using onboard information and vehicle-specific information received from other AVs, the RSU, the cloud platform, and/or the TCC/TCU.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for a computing power allocation system for autonomous driving (CPAS-AD), which is a component of an Intelligent Road Infrastructure System (IRIS). The CPAS-AD incorporates advanced computing capabilities that effectively allocate computational power for sensing, prediction, planning, decision-making, and control functions to enable end-to-end driving functions. In addition to the vehicle, the CPAS-AD can acquire additional computation resources from one or more of: (a) a roadside unit (RSU) network, (b) a cloud platform, (c) a traffic control center/traffic control unit (TCC/TCU), and (d) a traffic operations center (TOC). Additionally, tailored to different traffic scenarios, the CPAS-AD can allocate data and computation resources (including but not limited to CPU and GPU) for vehicle sensing, prediction, planning, decision-making, and control functions, thereby enabling safe and efficient autonomous driving.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for a function-based computing power allocation system (FCPAS), which is a component of an Intelligent Road Infrastructure System (IRIS). The FCPAS incorporates advanced computing capabilities that effectively allocate computational power for prediction, planning, and decision making functions. Specifically, through the FCPAS, an AV can acquire additional computational resources for vehicle prediction, planning, and decision-making functions, thereby enabling safe and efficient autonomous driving. Additionally, tailored to different traffic scenarios, the FCPAS can allocate data and computational resources (including but not limited to CPU and GPU) for vehicle automation.

Abstract: The invention provides a roadside computing system (RCS), or an edge computing system, for an autonomous vehicle. The RCS comprises a hierarchy of roadside unit (RSU) and an onboard unit (OBU) in an individual vehicle. The RSU comprises a data processing module and a communication module, and is capable of generating guidance information and targeted instructions for individual vehicle. The data processing module of the RSU comprises two processors: an External Object Calculating Module (EOCM) and an AI processing unit. Thus, the RCS utilizes roadside edge computing power and AI models to support autonomous driving for the vehicle. The OBU comprises a data processing module, a communication module, and a vehicle control module, and is capable of generating vehicle-specific targeted instruction for the vehicle based on guidance information and targeted instructions received from RSUs, and controlling the vehicle based on vehicle-specific targeted instruction.

Abstract: The invention provides an autonomous vehicle and intelligent control (AVIC) system with distributed AI computing, which is a component of a Connected Automated Vehicle Highway (CAVH) system. This AVIC system is configured to realize training and application for distributed AI computing by providing automated vehicles (AVs) and/or connected automated vehicles (CAVs) with vehicle-specific control instructions comprising instructions for vehicle longitudinal and lateral position, speed, and steering and control. Detailed and time-sensitive vehicle-specific control instructions comprise control instructions for speed, spacing, lane designation, vehicle following, lane changing, and/or route guidance. Specifically, through the system, CAVs can be effectively and efficiently controlled by the AVIC system.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for an autonomous vehicle and center control system (AVCCS), which is a component of a Connected Automated Vehicle Highway (CAVH) system. The AVCCS is configured to realize drone/tele driving or digital twins by providing automated vehicles (AVs) or connected automated vehicles (CAVs) with vehicle-specific control instructions comprising instructions for vehicle longitudinal and lateral position, speed, and steering and control. Specifically, through the system, AVs or CAVs can be effectively and efficiently controlled by the AVCCS. In addition, the AVCCS is configured to provide vehicle-specific control instructions to AVs or CAVs and control them through a hierarchy of traffic control centers/units (TCCs/TCUs) or the combination of TCCs/TCUs and the onboard units (OBUs) with a vehicle control module, wherein said TCCs/TCUs are configured to fulfill vehicle maneuver tasks, monitor safety maintenance tasks, and take over if the system fails.

Abstract: The invention provides an autonomous vehicle and center guidance system (AVCGS) for drone/tele driving or digital twins by sending guidance instructions to an autonomous vehicle (AV) or a connected automated vehicle (CAV). The AVCGS is a component of a Connected Automated Vehicle Highway (CAVH) system. This AVCGS is configured to operate AVs or CAVs using a hierarchy of traffic control centers/units (TCCs/TCUs). The AVCGS comprises automatic or semi-automated computational modules, a TCC/TCU communication module, and/or an onboard unit (OBU) communication module and a vehicle control module. The AVCGS communicates with one or more entities. The vehicle-specific guidance instructions and information comprise vehicle maneuver, safety maintenance, traffic control/road condition, and special information. The AVCGS provides backup in case of any errors or failures. Specifically, through the AVCGS, AVs or CAVs can be effectively and efficiently operated.

Abstract: The invention provides a vehicle AI computing system (VACS) that supports autonomous driving through an Onboard Unit (OBU) for vehicle-based computing and distributed computing based on vehicle road-cloud. The vehicle-based computing can effectively complete various computational tasks by using onboard computing resources. The distributed computing allows the vehicle to work in collaboration with roadside units (RSUs) and/or the cloud to effectively complete various computational tasks. The VACS features an OBU with a sensing module, a communication module, and a data processing module that integrates data from vehicle sensors, RSUs, and the cloud. The OBU also includes a vehicle control module that helps control the vehicle based on the data of RSU and cloud. The VACS leverages high performance computation resources to implement end to end driving tasks including sensing, prediction, planning and decision making, and control.

Abstract: This technology provides an Autonomous Vehicle (AV) Intelligent Control System (ICS) that integrates a sensing module for collecting driving environment data and an onboard unit (OBU) for vehicle control. The OBU includes a vehicle control module and communication modules for interacting with Traffic Control Centers (TCC/TCU) and Roadside Units (RSUs). These modules exchange information at the control level, such as vehicle positioning, speed, and environmental conditions, enabling the AV to operate safely and efficiently. The system also features redundancy through dual-security mechanisms, enhancing safety and reliability. The AV ICS is designed to distribute driving tasks and functions, utilizing both TCC/TCU and RSU data for vehicle control and monitoring, with wireless communication capabilities for seamless information exchange.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for estimating the nondirectional wave spectrum from the sea echoes of multiple HF radar frequencies. The method includes: dividing the radar detection area into a plurality of fan-shaped units at an equal range interval and angle interval according to the distance resolution and the angular resolution of an HF radar; obtaining the Doppler spectrum from the sea echo of a single radar frequency at a fan-shaped unit by performing the first fast Fourier transform (FFT) in distance dimension, the second FFT in Doppler frequency dimension and the digital beamforming; extracting the positive first-order peak and the negative first-order peak from the aforementioned Doppler spectrum by the peak-searching method; and selecting the stronger first-order peak ?R(1)(?); dividing the second-order spectrum on the stronger first-order peak side into an inner second-order spectrum and an outer second-order spectrum.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for an autonomous vehicle and cloud control system comprising an autonomous vehicle (AV) control system and a cloud-based platform, which are two components of an Intelligent Road Infrastructure System (IRIS). This integrated vehicle-cloud system provides sensing, prediction, decision-making, and control instructions for specific vehicles at a microscopic level. Specifically, through the system, AVs can be effectively and efficiently controlled by AV itself and/or by the cloud. The AV and cloud control system provides individual vehicles with detailed time-sensitive control instructions for vehicles to fulfill driving tasks. In addition, the cloud-based platform is configured to predict behavior of individual vehicles and provide planning and decision making at a microscopic level from 1 to 10 milliseconds, which is critical for AV operations.

Abstract: This technology provides an Autonomous Vehicle (AV) Intelligent Driving System (IDS) that includes a sensing module for gathering driving environment data and an onboard unit (OBU) for vehicle control. The OBU features a vehicle control module and communication modules for guidance-level interaction with Traffic Control Centers (TCC/TCU) and Roadside Units (RSUs). The system receives targeted guidance instructions and information, such as vehicle maneuvering, safety maintenance, traffic control, and special conditions, to enhance driving tasks. The IDS collaborates with TCC/TCU and RSUs, providing redundancy and a fail-safe mechanism for increased safety and reliability. The system is designed with wireless communication capabilities for efficient information exchange and is applicable to connected and automated vehicles (CAVs).

Abstract: This technology provides an Autonomous Vehicle (AV) Intelligent Driving System (IDS) that uses weather information or special information to provide vehicle operation or control. The Onboard Unit (OBU) uses a traffic control center/traffic control unit (TCC/TCU) communication module or a roadside unit (RSU) communication module to receive vehicle-specific targeted weather information and/or special information at the Guidance Level of vehicle driving tasks from the TCC/TCU or the RSU. The special information comprises activity, accidents, and hazards/obstacles information. The vehicle control module enhances driving safety by integrating vehicle-specific weather, pavement condition, activity, accidents, and hazards/obstacles information.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for an autonomous vehicle (AV) control system comprising an onboard unit (OBU) and a roadside unit (RSU), which are two components of an Intelligent Road Infrastructure System (IRIS). This integrated vehicle-road system provides sensing, prediction, decision-making, and control instructions for specific vehicles at a microscopic level. Specifically, through the AV control system, an AV can be effectively and efficiently controlled by the AV itself and/or by the RSU. The AV control system provides individual vehicles with detailed time-sensitive control instructions for vehicles to fulfill driving tasks. In addition, the RSU conducts behavior prediction for individual vehicles at a microscopic level from 1 to 10 milliseconds, which is critical for connected and automated vehicle (CAV) operations.

Abstract: A portable power charger is provided for charging a small appliance or an electronic device from a rechargeable battery internally disposed within the charger. An attachment system is also provided for connecting the electronic device to the portable charger and maintaining the connection during charging, whether by wireless or direct charging means. The attachment system ensures that respective wireless transmission components in the portable charger and the electronic device, where available, are properly aligned for optimal and efficient wireless charging. The alignment system can comprise structural feature formed in the charger housing, such as grooves or projections formed on the charger housing to physically attach the portable charger to the small appliance or the electronic device, whereby the connection can be maintained during the exchange of a charge from the portable power charger to the small appliance or electronic device.

Abstract: This invention provides a system-oriented and fully-controlled connected automated vehicle highway system for various levels of connected and automated vehicles and highways. The system comprises one or more of: 1) a hierarchical traffic control network of Traffic Control Centers (TCC's), local traffic controller units (TCUs), 2) A RSU (Road Side Unit) network (with integrated functionalities of vehicle sensors, I2V communication to deliver control instructions), 3) OBU (On-Board Unit with sensor and V2I communication units) network embedded in connected and automated vehicles, and 4) wireless communication and security system with local and global connectivity. This system provides a safer, more reliable and more cost-effective solution by redistributing vehicle driving tasks to the hierarchical traffic control network and RSU network.

Abstract: This invention provides a system-oriented and fully-controlled connected automated vehicle highway system for various levels of connected and automated vehicles and highways. The system comprises one or more of: 1) a hierarchical traffic control network of Traffic Control Centers (TCC's), local traffic controller units (TCUs), 2) A RSU (Road Side Unit) network (with integrated functionalities of vehicle sensors, I2V communication to deliver control instructions), 3) OBU (On-Board Unit with sensor and V2I communication units) network embedded in connected and automated vehicles, and 4) wireless communication and security system with local and global connectivity. This system provides a safer, more reliable and more cost-effective solution by redistributing vehicle driving tasks to the hierarchical traffic control network and RSU network.

Abstract: This invention provides a system-oriented and fully-controlled connected automated vehicle highway system for various levels of connected and automated vehicles and highways. The system comprises one or more of: 1) a hierarchical traffic control network of Traffic Control Centers (TCC's), local traffic controller units (TCUs), 2) A RSU (Road Side Unit) network (with integrated functionalities of vehicle sensors, I2V communication to deliver control instructions), 3) OBU (On-Board Unit with sensor and V2I communication units) network embedded in connected and automated vehicles, and 4) wireless communication and security system with local and global connectivity. This system provides a safer, more reliable and more cost-effective solution by redistributing vehicle driving tasks to the hierarchical traffic control network and RSU network.

Abstract: Provided herein is a technology for an Autonomous Vehicle Intelligent System (AVIS), which facilitates vehicle operations and control for connected automated vehicle highway (CAVH) systems. The AVIS and related methods provide vehicles with vehicle-specific information for a vehicle to perform driving tasks such as car following, lane changing, and route guidance. The AVIS comprises: (1) a communication module communicating with one or more of: (a) other autonomous vehicles (AV), (b) a roadside unit (RSU), (c) a cloud platform, or (d) a traffic control center/traffic control unit (TCC/TCU); and (2) an onboard unit (OBU) of an AV. The AVIS implements one or more of the following functions: sensing, prediction, decision-making, and vehicle control using onboard information and vehicle-specific information received from other AVs, the RSU, the cloud platform, and/or the TCC/TCU.