Abstract: A memory of an image forming apparatus is configured to store drum cartridge information and toner cartridge information. The drum cartridge information includes at least a number of drum printed sheets or a number of drum rotations. The toner cartridge information includes at least a number of toner printed sheets, a number of development rotations, or a toner dot count. A controller updates the drum cartridge information and the toner cartridge information stored in the memory in association with execution of image formation. The controller performs a rotation continuation operation of continuing rotations of a photosensitive drum and a development roller until a rotation continuation time elapses after a last sheet in a print job passes the photosensitive drum. The rotation continuation time is determined based on the drum cartridge information and the toner cartridge information.

Abstract: A document classification method includes: obtaining a document; extracting document keywords and a document abstract from the document; determining, according to the document keywords and the document abstract, a first classification label of the document; receiving a second classification label of the document, the second classification label being determined according to the document keywords, the document abstract, and the first classification label; obtaining a classification efficiency value of the documents, the classification efficiency value indicating a confidence level of the second classification label; and determining the second classification label as a final classification label of the document if the classification efficiency value is greater than or equal to a first threshold. The document classification method described above may improve the speed of document classification by computer, thereby improving the efficiency of document classification.

Abstract: A method of in situ point spread function (PSF) retrieval is disclosed which includes encoding 3D location of molecules into PSFs, receiving molecule-generated images containing PSFs, segmenting the images into sub-PSF, initializing template PSFs from a pupil function, determining a statistical measure of a predetermined function between the sub- and template PSFs, associating each of the sub-PSFs with a template PSF, aligning and averaging the sub-PSF, applying a phase retrieval algorithm to the averaged sub-PSFs to update the pupil function, regenerating the template PSFs, repeating until a difference between a new and a prior generation pupil function is below a predetermined threshold, generating in situ PSFs from the last pupil function, and applying a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm based on the in situ PSFs and the sub-PSF to thereby generate lateral and axial locations of molecules.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application provide a circuit simulation method and a device. The method includes: determining a top-layer structure and a minimum circuit cell layer of a circuit schematics; determining, in a circuit layout, an area and a relative distribution location of each target circuit cell in the minimum circuit cell layer; generating a first circuit structure based on the top-layer structure, each target circuit cell, and the area and the relative distribution location of each target circuit cell in the circuit layout; and adding a parasitic effect circuit to the first circuit structure, generating a target circuit structure corresponding to the circuit schematics, and performing simulation based on the target circuit structure.

Abstract: A negative electrode plate of a lithium-ion battery, a lithium-ion battery, and an electronic device are provided. The negative electrode plate of the lithium-ion battery includes a negative electrode current collector and an additional layer. The additional layer is disposed on a surface of the negative electrode current collector. The additional layer includes a negative electrode active substance, a protective substance, and a bonding agent. The negative electrode active substance includes at least one of a carbon material, an alloyed material, and a silicon material, the protective substance includes a nanometal oxide and a conductive agent, and the protective substance further includes lithium titanate or carbon-coated lithium titanate. When the lithium-ion battery is damaged, the protective substance can reduce a risk of thermal runaway caused by a short circuit between a positive electrode current collector of a positive electrode plate and the negative electrode active substance.

Abstract: A flexible dimming device and its fabrication method, a glass assembly, an automobile, and a glass curtain wall. The flexible dimming device includes: a first flexible substrate and a second flexible substrate opposite to each other; a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first flexible substrate and the second flexible substrate where the liquid crystal layer includes guest-host liquid crystals and dye molecules; a first electrode and a second electrode; and an anti-ultraviolet film on a side of the first flexible substrate away from the second flexible substrate. The first electrode is located on a side of the first flexible substrate close to the liquid crystal layer and the second electrode is located on a side of the second flexible substrate close to the liquid crystal layer. The anti-ultraviolet film and the first flexible substrate are bonded by a first adhesive film.

Abstract: Provided are a photoelectric sensor and an electronic device. The photoelectric sensor includes a substrate, a plurality of photoelectric sensing elements, and a wall structure between two adjacent photoelectric sensing elements. The wall structure includes a first layer and a second layer stacked with the first layer. The first layer is arranged at a side of the second layer away from the substrate and includes a light-blocking material. At least one of the first layer or the second layer of the wall structure is arranged in a same layer as at least one layer of the photoelectric sensing element.

Abstract: A detection substrate including a substrate and a plurality of detection units disposed on a side of the substrate, each detection unit including at least an inorganic transistor, an organic transistor, and a photoelectric sensor element, the organic transistor including an organic semiconductor part, in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate, a film layer where the organic semiconductor part is located being located on the side of the film layer where the inorganic transistor is located away from the substrate, the film layer where the organic semiconductor part is located being located on the side of a film layer where the photoelectric sensor element is located away from the substrate, the organic transistor of the detection unit being connected to a sensing electrode, the sensing electrode being located on the side of the film layer where the inorganic transistor is located away from the substrate.

Abstract: A method of in situ point spread function (PSF) retrieval is disclosed which includes encoding 3D location of molecules into PSFs, receiving molecule-generated images containing PSFs, segmenting the images into sub-PSFs, initializing template PSFs from a pupil function, determining a maximum normalized cross correlation (NCC) coefficient (NCCmax) between the sub- and template PSFs, associating each of the sub-PSFs with a template PSF based on the NCCmax and storing the sub-PSFs in associated bins, aligning and averaging the binned sub-PSFs, applying a phase retrieval algorithm to the averaged sub-PSFs to update the pupil function, regenerating the template PSFs, repeating until a difference between a new and a prior generation pupil function is below a predetermined threshold, generating in situ PSFs from the last pupil function, and applying a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm based on the in situ PSFs and the sub-PSFs to thereby generate lateral and axial locations of molecules.

Abstract: A method for the reaction of an isatin and cyclopropenone compound at low catalytic amount. In the presence of an amine compound and phosphite, the isatin and cyclopropenone are reacted in an organic solvent using a silicon amino rare earth compound as a catalyst to synthesize pyrano[2,3-b]indol-2-one compounds. In the reaction above, the amount of catalyst is few, and noble metal is not needed for catalysis. The present method can achieve preparation of the pyrano[2,3]indol-2-one compound efficiently and simply.

Abstract: A hybrid solid-state electrolyte layer for use in an electrochemical cell is provided. The hybrid solid-state electrolyte layer includes a polymeric material, a ceramic material, and an interfacial material adhering the polymeric material and the ceramic material. The interfacial material includes a branched copolymer that includes dopamine and a second monomer. The second monomer forms a polymeric moiety in the copolymer that is the same or similar to the polymeric material. In certain variations, the polymeric material defines a polymeric layer, the ceramic material defines a ceramic layer, and the interfacial material defines an interfacial layer that is disposed between the polymeric layer and the ceramic layer. In other variations, the polymeric material defines a polymeric matrix, the ceramic material defines a plurality of ceramic particles dispersed in the polymeric matrix, and the plurality of ceramic particles are coated with the interfacial material.

Abstract: A battery packaging film includes a metal layer, a first bonding enhancement layer, a first bonding layer, a second bonding layer, a first protective layer, and a second protective layer. The first bonding enhancement layer is located on a first surface of the metal layer. The first bonding layer is located on a surface of the first bonding enhancement layer away from the metal layer. Because the first bonding enhancement layer is added to an upper surface of the metal layer, roughness of the upper surface of the metal layer is increased to enhance strength of bonding between the first protective layer and the metal layer and minimize occurrence of unintended separation of the first protective layer from the metal layer, thereby enhancing safety of the battery packaging.

Abstract: A simulation method and device, a power wire topology network, and a test circuit involve: a power wire topology network is generated according to a power wire layout, the power wire topology network including a plurality of first layer of metal wires arranged in a transverse direction, a plurality of second layer of metal wires arranged in a longitudinal direction, power child nodes and a parasitic element, the parasitic element being located between the two power child nodes; a minimum voltage of the power input node of each circuit nodule in a circuit corresponding to the power wire topology network is determined, the power input node being one of the power child nodes in each circuit module; and a time sequence simulation is performed according to the minimum voltage of the power input node of each circuit module and the post-simulation circuit network list of an integrated circuit.

Abstract: A battery cell includes a first current collector and a cathode electrode arranged adjacent to the first current collector and including lithium active material. A separator is arranged adjacent to the cathode electrode. The battery cell includes a second current collector. A porous conductive layer is arranged on the second current collector between the second current collector and the separator.

Abstract: A method for testing crosstalk effect includes: obtaining a test signal and an interference input signal; inputting the test signal into a crosstalk effect test circuit obtained by simulation, so as to obtain an interfered signal; and when a rise time of the interfered signal or a fall time of the interfered signal is greater than a preset time threshold, determining that an excessive crosstalk effect exists in an integrated circuit under test. The crosstalk effect test circuit includes a first circuit, N second circuits, and N capacitors. The first circuit is configured to simulate an interfered first signal circuit in the integrated circuit under test; the N second circuits are configured to simulate N second signal circuits that interfere with the first signal circuit in the integrated circuit under test.

Abstract: Methods and materials for producing polyols are provided comprising recombinant microorganisms expressing a Pyp1 polyol phosphatase. Also provided herein are methods and materials for producing electron rich compounds in recombinant microorganisms lacking the DET1 and/or PHO13 genes.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a photosensitive drum; a magnetic roller; a transfer belt; a drum cleaning roller for collecting toner on the photosensitive drum and discharging collected toner to the photosensitive drum; a belt cleaner; a waste toner accommodating unit; and a controller configured to perform a printing operation for forming an image on a sheet and a cleaning operation for cleaning the drum cleaning roller. The controller is configured to perform: when performing the printing operation, collecting toner on the photosensitive drum using the drum cleaning roller; and when performing the cleaning operation, discharging the toner on the drum cleaning roller collected in the collecting to the photosensitive drum; transferring the toner on the photosensitive drum onto the transfer belt; and collecting the toner on the transfer belt using the belt cleaner so that the collected toner is accommodated in the waste toner accommodating unit.

Abstract: A document classification method includes: obtaining a document; extracting document keywords and a document abstract from the document; determining, according to the document keywords and the document abstract, a first classification label of the document; receiving a second classification label of the document, the second classification label being determined according to the document keywords, the document abstract, and the first classification label; obtaining a classification efficiency value of the documents, the classification efficiency value indicating a confidence level of the second classification label; and determining the second classification label as a final classification label of the document if the classification efficiency value is greater than or equal to a first threshold. The document classification method described above may improve the speed of document classification by computer, thereby improving the efficiency of document classification.