Abstract: The present disclosure generally discloses a data plane configured for processing function scalability. The processing functions for which scalability is supported may include charging functions, monitoring functions, security functions, or the like.

Abstract: Various exemplary embodiments relate to a method for processing data packets by a first-hop switch in a data network, including: receiving a first data packet associated with a flow; determining whether the flow associated with the first data packet is found in a flow table in the first-hop switch; modifying the first data packet by replacing a packet header field with flow definition information; and transmitting the modified first data packet based upon the flow definition information.

Abstract: Various exemplary embodiments relate to a method of offline traffic matrix aware segment routing. The method may include receiving a traffic matrix based upon all the traffic between nodes i and j that is routed in the network; and determining the amount of traffic between nodes i and j will be routed through node k, based on minimizing a maximum link utilization for the traffic matrix by determining that the total amount of flow on a link e in the network is less than the link's capacity.

Abstract: This disclosure generally discloses an anchor mobility mechanism. The anchor mobility mechanism is configured to support migration of flows between mobility anchors within a wireless communication system. The anchor mobility mechanism may be configured to support migration of flows between mobility anchors within a wireless communication system in a highly seamless manner. The anchor mobility mechanism may be configured to support migration of a flow of a wireless device between mobility anchors within a wireless communication system using functions performed by a control element (CE) and one or more forwarding elements (FEs) within the data plane of the flow of the wireless device. The functions may include identifying a time at which to initiate migration of the flow, initiating migration of the flow based on identification of the time at which to initiate migration of the flow, or the like, as well as various combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally discloses a data plane configured for processing function scalability. The processing functions for which scalability is supported may include charging functions, monitoring functions, security functions, or the like.

Abstract: Various exemplary embodiments relate to a routing device used for routing a total amount of traffic, tij from a source node i, to a destination node j, the device including a memory; and a processor configured to: set an amount of traffic in one iteration; find a length for each link e between source node i and destination node j; find a best intermediate node k; and send a flow from source node i, to destination node j through intermediate node k.

Abstract: Various exemplary embodiments relate to a routing device used for routing via a valiant load balanced (VLB) intermediate node from a source node i, to a destination node j, the device including a memory, and a processor configured to: for each pair of nodes, (ij), find a cost of using node k?i as the Shortest Route (SR); for each node i, compute a cost ?(i) of using node k as the VLB intermediate; and compute a node i* that has the minimum ?(i) value.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a method, network node, and non-transitory machine-readable storage medium including the following: receiving a packet; evaluating a flow processing table comprising a plurality of rules to determine whether a rule of the plurality of rules is applicable to the received packet, wherein: a rule of the plurality of rules includes a matching rule that identifies one or more flows to which the rule applies and at least one action that identifies at least one action to be taken when the rule applies; generating a new rule to be added to the flow processing table when the after failing to identify a rule of the plurality of rules as applicable to a received packet, including: evaluating at least one flow rule generation table to identify a first set of packet header fields and a set of processing actions; installing the new rule in the flow processing table.

Abstract: Provided is a method of fabricating a semiconductor device, including the following. A first material layer, a second material layer and a mask layer are formed on a substrate. A portion of the second material layer is removed by performing a first etching process with the mask layer as a mask, so as to expose the first material layer and form a first pattern layer and a second pattern layer. A portion of the first material layer is removed by performing a second etching process with the mask layer as a mask, so as to expose a portion of the substrate. A portion of the substrate is removed by performing a third etching process with the mask layer as a mask, so as to form first trenches and second trenches. Sidewalls of the second trenches and a surface of the substrate form at least two different angles.

Abstract: Various exemplary embodiments relate to a method and related network node including one or more of the following: receiving, at the cloud controller, a request message including a first request for a first cloud resource; identifying a set of potential devices for providing the first cloud resource; calculating a plurality of weight values corresponding to at least a portion of the set of potential devices for providing the first cloud resource, wherein the plurality of weight values are calculated based on a plurality of delta values associated with the at least a portion of the set of potential devices; selecting a device based on the plurality of weight values to provide the first cloud resource; and updating the delta value associated with the selected device.

Abstract: A manner of providing redundancy protection for a data center network that is both reliable and low-cost. In a data center network where the data traffic between numerous access nodes and a network core layer via primary aggregation nodes, an optical network device such as and OLT (optical line terminal) is provided as a backup aggregation node for one or more of the primary aggregation nodes. When a communication path through a primary aggregation node fails, traffic is routed through the optical network device. In a preferred embodiment, a communication link is formed from a plurality of access nodes to a single port of the OLT or other optical network device via an optical splitter that combines upstream transmissions and distributes downstream transmissions. The upstream transmissions from the plurality of access nodes may occur according to an allocation schedule generated when the backup aggregation node is needed.

Abstract: A network search method is provided. The network search method includes: keeping a terminal residing in a second network when the terminal is disconnected from a first network or has not registered to the first network; and performing a search operation for the first network by the terminal, when a serving cell and/or an adjacent cell corresponding to the terminal in the second network change. A network search device and a terminal are also provided. By utilizing the network search method, the network search device and the terminal, according to location change of the terminal, not only the network search frequency or search times for the first network can be reduced, to avoid a blind network search which may result in wasting power consumption of the terminal, but also the terminal can be connected to a specific network as soon as possible, and user experience is improved.

Abstract: A security management capability enables migration of individual security rules between storage/application locations. The migration of a security rule may include selection of a location at which the security rule is to be applied and migration of the security rule to the selected location at which the security rule is to be applied. The selection of the location at which the security rule is to be applied may be performed based on security rule policies and/or security rule location selection information. The security rule is migrated from a current location (e.g., a location at which the security rule is currently applied, a management system, or the like) to the selected location at which the security rule is to be applied. In this manner, a fluid security layer may be provided. The fluid security layer may be optimized for one or more of security level, performance, cost, or the like.

Abstract: Provided is a method of fabricating a semiconductor device, including the following. A first material layer, a second material layer and a mask layer are formed on a substrate. A portion of the second material layer is removed by performing a first etching process with the mask layer as a mask, so as to expose the first material layer and form a first pattern layer and a second pattern layer. A portion of the first material layer is removed by performing a second etching process with the mask layer as a mask, so as to expose a portion of the substrate. A portion of the substrate is removed by performing a third etching process with the mask layer as a mask, so as to form first trenches and second trenches. Sidewalls of the second trenches and a surface of the substrate form at least two different angles.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide a method and apparatus for providing adaptive self-tuned routing within a network. In particular, one or more path selection values are adaptable to the changing network utilization and are configured to balance the influence of a first objective and a second objective on the path selection. Advantageously, balancing the influence of the first and second objectives on path selection provides improved efficiency and improved revenue generating capacity when compared to conventional routing methods.

Abstract: A manner of providing redundancy protection for a data center network that is both reliable and low-cost. In a data center network where the data traffic between numerous access nodes and a network core layer via primary aggregation nodes, an optical network device such as and OLT (optical line terminal) is provided as a backup aggregation node for one or more of the primary aggregation nodes. When a communication path through a primary aggregation node fails, traffic is routed through the optical network device. In a preferred embodiment, a communication link is formed from a plurality of access nodes to a single port of the OLT or other optical network device via an optical splitter that combines upstream transmissions and distributes downstream transmissions. The upstream transmissions from the plurality of access nodes may occur according to an allocation schedule generated when the backup aggregation node is needed.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a method, network node, and non-transitory machine-readable storage medium including the following: receiving a packet; evaluating a flow processing table comprising a plurality of rules to determine whether a rule of the plurality of rules is applicable to the received packet, wherein: a rule of the plurality of rules includes a matching rule that identifies one or more flows to which the rule applies and at least one action that identifies at least one action to be taken when the rule applies; generating a new rule to be added to the flow processing table when the after failing to identify a rule of the plurality of rules as applicable to a received packet, including: evaluating at least one flow rule generation table to identify a first set of packet header fields and a set of processing actions; installing the new rule in the flow processing table.

Abstract: Various exemplary embodiments relate to a method of offline traffic matrix unaware segment routing. The method may include determining the fraction of traffic between a node i and a node j is routed though node k, by minimizing the maximum value of any link e carrying traffic between node i and node j based upon the following constraints: using a dual variable ?(e,e?) where e? is an alternate link to e? for comparison, the fraction of traffic from i to j that is routed through intermediate node k is greater than or equal to zero; the total traffic from i to j that is routed through intermediate node k is equal to 1 for all (i,j) pairs; and determining when the total capacity for link e as constrained by the dual variable is less than or equal to the capacity, c of link e? for all e?.

Abstract: Various exemplary embodiments relate to a method of online segment routing in a network having an ingress node, an egress node, and a plurality of links, l. The method may include determining for a plurality of links l dual weights ?(l); receiving a new flow; determining an intermediate node k providing a minimum weight two segment path from the ingress node to egress node for the new flow based upon the flow that results on link l from the new flow through intermediate node k and the dual weight values ?(l) for the links l; and routing the new flow to the intermediate node k along the minimum weight path when the minimum weight path has a weight less than or equal to one.

Abstract: Various exemplary embodiments relate to a method of offline traffic matrix aware segment routing. The method may include receiving a traffic matrix based upon all the traffic between nodes i and j that is routed in the network; and determining the amount of traffic between nodes i and j will be routed through node k, based on minimizing a maximum link utilization for the traffic matrix by determining that the total amount of flow on a link e in the network is less than the link's capacity.