Abstract: A control circuit for a voltage regulator has an energy regulation circuit and a switching control circuit. The energy regulation circuit provides a regulation signal based on an output voltage, an output current, and a maximum energy reference. The maximum energy reference decreases with increasing of an ambient temperature and increases with decreasing of the ambient temperature. The switching control circuit provides a switching control signal based on the regulation signal to turn ON and turn OFF at least one switch of a plurality of switches of the voltage regulator, such that the output voltage and the output current satisfy a first relationship when the ambient temperature equals a first temperature value, and the output voltage and the output current satisfy a second relationship when the ambient temperature equals a second temperature value.

Abstract: A control circuit for a DC-DC converter has an over-current comparison circuit, an adaptive voltage position (AVP) control circuit and a switching control circuit. The over-current comparison circuit provides an over-current comparison signal by comparing an output current with a current limit value. The AVP control circuit provides a position signal based on a voltage identification code, an output voltage, an output current and the over-current comparison signal. The switching control circuit controls the DC-DC converter based on the position signal. When the output current is smaller than the current limit value, the output voltage varies along a first voltage position curve, and otherwise, the output voltage varies along a second voltage position curve.

Abstract: A control circuit for a DC-DC converter has an adaptive voltage position (AVP) control circuit and a switching control circuit. The AVP control circuit generates a position signal based on an output voltage, an output current, a voltage identification code and a set of adaptive voltage control commands. The switching control circuit generates a switching control signal based on the position signal to control the DC-DC converter. When the output current is smaller than a current threshold, the control circuit chooses one of a first voltage position curve and a second voltage position curve as a load line according to the set of adaptive voltage control commands, and when the output current is larger than the current threshold, the control circuit chooses the remaining voltage position curve as the load line according to the set of adaptive voltage control commands.

Abstract: A controller for a multiphase switching converter has a comparison circuit, an initial ON-time generating unit, an ON-time regulation unit, and a switching control unit. The comparison circuit provides a comparison signal based on an output voltage and a reference signal. The initial ON-time generating unit provides an initial ON-time signal. The ON-time regulation unit provides an adjusted ON-time signal based on the initial ON-time signal and the comparison signal, to control an ON-time period of at least one of a plurality of switching circuits. The switching control unit provides a plurality of pulse width modulation signals to control the plurality of switching circuits based on the comparison signal and the adjusted ON-time signal. The plurality of switching circuits are turned on in sequence based on the comparison signal, and are turned off respectively based on the adjusted ON-time signal.

Abstract: A multiphase power supply has an input terminal, an output terminal, a plurality of transformers, a plurality of switching circuits, and a control circuit. Secondary windings of the plurality of transformers are coupled in series with a compensation inductor. The plurality of switching circuits are coupled in parallel between the input terminal and the output terminal. Each of the plurality of switching circuits is coupled to the output terminal via a primary winding of a corresponding transformer. The control circuit senses an average current flowing through the plurality of switching circuits and a current flowing through the compensation inductor respectively, and corrects a sensing result of the average current based on the current flowing through the compensation inductor. The control circuit further provides a plurality of pulse width modulation signals based on the output voltage and the corrected sensing result to control the plurality of switching circuits.

Abstract: Microalgae combined with antibiotic-loaded neutrophil membrane-coated polymeric nanoparticles provide a hybrid microrobot having robust locomotion in the lungs in vivo toward effective treatment of pulmonary and gastrointestinal tract infections. The algae-nanoparticle hybrid microrobots are provided in methods of treatment of disease or conditions by administration for active in vivo delivery of therapeutics to the lungs or gastrointestinal tract. The microrobot system can be applied to treat a wide range of diseases, including viral pneumonia.

Abstract: A power supply system has a first power circuit, a second power circuit, a first controller and a second controller. The first and second power circuits respectively have a first and second plurality of switching circuits coupled in parallel to provide an output voltage. The first controller provides a turn-on control signal at the first turn-on control pin based on a voltage feedback signal received by a first feedback pin, and provides a first plurality of switching control signals at the first plurality of switching control pins based on a turn-on control signal to successively turn ON a first plurality of switching circuits. The second controller provides a second plurality of switching control signals at a second plurality of switching control pins based on the turn-on control signal received by a second turn-on control pin to successively turn ON the second plurality of switching circuits.

Abstract: A controller for a multiphase switching converter has a feedback pin, a reference pin, and a plurality of switching control pins. When the controller is a master controller, the reference pin provides a reference output signal based on a plurality of currents flowing through a plurality of switching circuits. When the controller is a slave controller, the feedback pin receives the reference output signal from the master controller, and the slave controller provides the plurality of switching control signals based on the plurality of currents flowing through the plurality of switching circuits, the reference output signal, and a feedback signal representative of an output voltage of the multiphase switching converter.

Abstract: A controller for a multiphase switching converter has a logic circuit, to provide a plurality of switching control signals to control the plurality of switching circuits. When as a master controller, the controller provides a first total current signal based on a sum of a plurality of currents flowing through the plurality of switching circuits. When as a slave controller, the controller receives the first total current signal, provides a second total current signal based on the sum of the plurality of currents flowing through the plurality of switching circuits, and turns on the plurality of switching circuits in sequence based on the first total current signal and the second total current signal.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) control device for a multi-phase switching converter having a master phase and at least one slave phase, has a first ON-time control circuit to provide a first ON-time control signal and at least one slave ON-time control circuit. Each slave ON-time control circuit has a closed-loop gainer to provide a gain by executing proportional integral to a difference between a master phase temperature and a slave phase temperature, a multiplier to provide a current feedback signal by multiplying a slave current signal with the gain, a bias circuit to provide a bias by executing proportional integral to a difference between a master phase current and the current feedback signal, and an adder to provide a corresponding slave ON-time control signal by adding the first ON-time control signal to a bias ON-time control signal provided by a bias ON-time generator based the bias.

Abstract: A multi-phase voltage converter has a plurality of integrated circuits (ICs), and a controller. Each IC has a power switch, a monitoring pin and a current sense pin. The power switch is controlled to convert an input voltage to an output voltage. The current sense pin is capable of providing a current sense signal representative of a current flowing through the power switch. The controller is capable of providing a clock signal via the monitoring pin, and provides a plurality of data signals via the current sense pin of the plurality of ICs. Each of the plurality of ICs is assigned an identification code based on the clock signal and one of the plurality of data signals.

Abstract: A controller used in a switching converter having a switch and converting an input voltage into an output voltage having a transient profile. The controller includes a transient sensing circuit, a mode determining circuit and an on time regulating circuit. The transient sensing circuit generates a transient voltage signal indicative of the transient profile of the output voltage. The mode determining circuit receives the transient voltage signal and a first feedback voltage signal indicative of the output voltage, and generates a mode signal based on a first comparison between the first feedback voltage signal and a first threshold voltage and a second comparison between the transient voltage signal and a second threshold voltage. The on time regulating circuit generates an on time signal to regulate an on time of the switch based on the mode signal.

Abstract: A control circuit for a voltage regulator has an energy regulation circuit and a switching control circuit. The energy regulation circuit provides a regulation signal based on an output voltage, an output current, and a maximum energy reference. The maximum energy reference decreases with increasing of an ambient temperature and increases with decreasing of the ambient temperature. The switching control circuit provides a switching control signal based on the regulation signal to turn ON and turn OFF at least one switch of a plurality of switches of the voltage regulator, such that the output voltage and the output current satisfy a first relationship when the ambient temperature equals a first temperature value, and the output voltage and the output current satisfy a second relationship when the ambient temperature equals a second temperature value.

Abstract: A control circuit for a DC-DC converter has an adaptive voltage position (AVP) control circuit and a switching control circuit. The AVP control circuit generates a position signal based on an output voltage, an output current, a voltage identification code and a set of adaptive voltage control commands. The switching control circuit generates a switching control signal based on the position signal to control the DC-DC converter. When the output current is smaller than a current threshold, the control circuit chooses one of a first voltage position curve and a second voltage position curve as a load line according to the set of adaptive voltage control commands, and when the output current is larger than the current threshold, the control circuit chooses the remaining voltage position curve as the load line according to the set of adaptive voltage control commands.

Abstract: A control circuit for a DC-DC converter has an over-current comparison circuit, an adaptive voltage position (AVP) control circuit and a switching control circuit. The over-current comparison circuit provides an over-current comparison signal by comparing an output current with a current limit value. The AVP control circuit provides a position signal based on a voltage identification code, an output voltage, an output current and the over-current comparison signal. The switching control circuit controls the DC-DC converter based on the position signal. When the output current is smaller than the current limit value, the output voltage varies along a first voltage position curve, and otherwise, the output voltage varies along a second voltage position curve.

Abstract: The present application relates to the field of semiconductor technologies, and discloses a manufacturing method for a semiconductor device. The method may include: providing a substrate structure, the substrate structure including: a substrate which includes a first region and a second region; and a first gate structure which is positioned on the first region and used for a first device; forming an etching protection layer on the surface of the substrate structure; forming a mask layer on the etching protection layer above the second region, the mask layer comprising a polymer; performing dry etching, so that the first region on both sides of the first gate structure is etched to form first indentations and that the etching protection layer on the surface of the first gate structure is removed; removing the mask layer to form a semiconductor structure; illuminating the semiconductor structure with light; and performing wet etching, so that the first indentations become second indentations.