Abstract: A display substrate includes a plurality of sub-pixels. The display substrate further includes: a base substrate; a plurality of temperature sensors disposed on a first side of the base substrate; and a light-shielding layer disposed on a peripheral side, a side proximate to the base substrate, and a side away from the base substrate, of a temperature sensor in the temperature sensors. The temperature sensor is configured to detect a temperature of at least one of the plurality of sub-pixels. The light-shielding layer is configured to shield light emitted to the temperature sensor.

Abstract: Systems and methods of optimizing launch power for each span in an optical system with a plurality of spans are provided. In an embodiment, a method includes varying power on a span under test of the plurality of spans; observing performance measurements related to of one or more channels, at corresponding optical receivers; and one of setting launch power for the span under test and repeating the varying and observing, responsive to the observed measurements.

Abstract: System and methods of measuring nonlinear interference (NLI) on a per-span basis in an optical system with a plurality of spans are provided. The method includes steps of varying power based on phase sensitive detection method on a span under test of the plurality of spans; observing total noise, at an optical receiver, from all of the plurality of spans; and isolating noise for the span under test from the total noise based on the varying power. The optical system can be in-service with one or more traffic-carrying channels, and the varying power is small enough on the span under test which does not impact the one or more traffic-carrying channels.

Abstract: Systems and methods include receiving (S11) data for a plurality of elements associated with an optical network; determining (S12) an incremental noise penalty for each element of the plurality of elements based on the received data; and storing (S13) the incremental noise penalty for each element of the plurality of elements. The steps can further include determining (S14) Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) across an optical path in the optical network by concatenating associated incremental noise penalties for each element in the optical path along with corrections. The present disclosure includes a fast, nonlinear estimation process with improved accuracy for low loss spans compared to traditional closed-form GN models, as well as a method to determine the coherent nonlinear penalty in an arbitrary concatenation of mixed heterogeneous fibers which is not considered by existing fast nonlinear interference calculation methods.

Abstract: A tool quick-stop device for a lathe has a base, bottom plate, front side plate, rear side plate, right side plate, left side plate, top fixed plate, tool bar, cam lever, buffer spring, cylindrical guide rail, adjusting nut, first locking nut, double end stud, second locking nut, pressure spring, pressing plate, hold-down bolt and pin shaft. The cam lever supports the tool bar before tool falling. When tool falling is required, the cam lever is rotated through external force. When the cam lever rotates over a certain position, the tool bar instantaneously loses supporting force. Under strong pressure of the pressure spring, the tool bar falls the tool with great acceleration and is separated from the cutting region in a short period of time and the cutting root is frozen.

Abstract: A tool quick-stop device for a lathe has a base, bottom plate, front side plate, rear side plate, right side plate, left side plate, top fixed plate, tool bar, cam lever, buffer spring, cylindrical guide rail, adjusting nut, first locking nut, double end stud, second locking nut, pressure spring, pressing plate, hold-down bolt and pin shaft. The cam lever supports the tool bar before tool falling. When tool falling is required, the cam lever is rotated through external force. When the cam lever rotates over a certain position, the tool bar instantaneously loses supporting force. Under strong pressure of the pressure spring, the tool bar falls the tool with great acceleration and is separated from the cutting region in a short period of time and the cutting root is frozen.

Abstract: The invention provides a device and method for measuring the temperature of end face turning, which belong to the technical field of cutting and are applicable for measuring the temperature of cutting area during end surface turning. The device comprises a thermocouple sensor, a slip ring and a specially designed experiment workpiece. The circular ribs designed on the experiment workpiece transform the end surface turning into cylindrical turning. The design of a through hole and a blind hole makes the thermocouple sensor reasonably buried in the workpiece, which improves the safety of the turning process and the stability of signals. At the same time, the interference between devices is eliminated by using the slip ring structure. A temperature signal is collected by a data collection card via the slip ring and transmitted to a computer, and finally, a relatively accurate end surface turning temperature is obtained.

Abstract: A device for handling oil pipes and a method for workover includes a base, which includes an oil pipe bearing area extending in a longitudinal direction, the oil pipe bearing area being provided therein with at least one positioning member arranged in a transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the base, for positioning an oil pipe; and a movable oil pipe grasping assembly, which is located above the base and configured to grasp the oil pipe and place the oil pipe in the oil pipe bearing area, or grasp the oil pipe from the oil pipe bearing area and place the oil pipe in an area outside the oil pipe bearing area. The device for handling oil pipes provided by the present disclosure is able to achieve automatic handling of oil pipes, thereby decreasing labor intensity of operators, and improving working efficiency and safety factors of the work.

Abstract: A device for handling oil pipes and a method for workover includes a base, which includes an oil pipe bearing area extending in a longitudinal direction, the oil pipe bearing area being provided therein with at least one positioning member arranged in a transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the base, for positioning an oil pipe; and a movable oil pipe grasping assembly, which is located above the base and configured to grasp the oil pipe and place the oil pipe in the oil pipe bearing area, or grasp the oil pipe from the oil pipe bearing area and place the oil pipe in an area outside the oil pipe bearing area. The device for handling oil pipes provided by the present disclosure is able to achieve automatic handling of oil pipes, thereby decreasing labor intensity of operators, and improving working efficiency and safety factors of the work.