Abstract: In one embodiment, an antenna array is provided that includes a transparent substrate, a plurality of antennas formed on a surface of the transparent substrate, and an integrated circuit, the integrated circuit including an RF beam forming interface circuit adapted to perform at least one of phase-shifting and attenuating an RF signal according to a transmit beam forming command to form an RF driving signal for driving the plurality of antennas, the RF beam forming interface circuit also adapted to perform at least one of phase-shifting and attenuating a received RF signal from the plurality of antennas according to a receive beam forming command.

Abstract: A beam-forming antenna system includes an array of integrated antenna units. Each integrated antenna unit includes an oscillator coupled to an antenna. A network couples to the integrated antenna units to provide phasing information to the oscillators.

Abstract: In one embodiment, wafer-scale antenna module is provided that includes: a substrate having a first surface and an opposing second surface; a plurality of conductive contact regions extending from the first surface into the substrate towards the second surface; active circuitry formed in the substrate adjacent the second surface, the active circuitry electrically coupled to the conductive contact regions; an insulating layer adjacent the first surface, the insulating layer forming a plurality of vias arranged corresponding to the plurality of conductive contact regions, each via forming an opening at the corresponding conductive contact region; and a plurality of antennas formed on the insulating layer corresponding to the plurality of vias; wherein each via contains an electrical conductor to electrically couple the corresponding contact region to the antenna corresponding to the via, whereby a resulting separation between the driving circuitry and the antennas aids an electrical isolation of the driving cir

Abstract: A beam-forming antenna system include a substrate; a plurality of mixers formed in the substrate; a phase generator formed in the substrate; and a plurality of antennas formed adjacent the substrate, wherein each mixer is coupled to a corresponding at least one of the antennas, and wherein the phase generator is operable to provide a plurality of uniquely-phased LO signals, each mixer being coupled to the phase generator to receive a different one of uniquely-phased LO signals such that an RF signal received by the antennas is phase-shifted through the mixers according to the unique phases of the LO signal to form a plurality of phase-shifted IF signals.

Abstract: A radar transponder is provided that synchronizes the encoding of repeated radar pulses using an envelope detector to detect the envelope of received radar pulse signals. An edge detector detects the pulse edges in the envelope so that code words may be multiplied with the received radar pulse signals synchronously with the detected pulse edges to provide an encoded pulse train that may be transmitted to a radar interrogator.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a wafer scale antenna array is provided that includes: a substrate, a first plurality of antennas adjacent to the substrate; and a driving network adjacent the substrate for transmitting RF signals to the plurality of antennas and for receiving RF signals from the plurality of antennas, the driving network coupling to a distributed plurality of driving amplifiers and corresponding matching amplifiers integrated with the substrate.

Abstract: A beam-forming antenna system includes an array of integrated antenna circuits. Each integrated antenna circuit includes an oscillator coupled to an antenna. A network couples to the integrated antenna units to provide phasing information to the oscillators. A controller controls the phasing information provided by the network to the oscillators. In an alternative embodiment, the phasing to each antenna element is controlled through a fixed corporate feed network. The relative gains of the antenna signals received or transmitted through the fixed corporate feed may be adjusted with respect to each other to provide a beam steering capability.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a beamforming RF repeater includes: a beamforming controller; a first array of antennas organized into a plurality of first sub-arrays; a plurality of first RF combiner and decombiner circuits corresponding to the plurality of first sub-arrays, wherein each first RF combiner and decombiner circuit is configured to phase shift in the RF domain a received RF signal from the corresponding first sub-array according to a first beamforming command from the beamforming controller such that a first combined signal formed from the phase-shifted signals from the plurality of first RF combiner and decombiner circuits is received in a first desired beam direction; a second array of antennas organized into a plurality of second sub-arrays; and a plurality of second RF combiner and decombiner circuits corresponding to the plurality of second sub-arrays, wherein each second RF combiner and decombiner circuit is configured to phase shift in the RF domain the first combined signal according to a second beam

Abstract: A beam-forming antenna system includes an array of integrated antenna circuits. Each integrated antenna circuit includes an oscillator coupled to an antenna. A network couples to the integrated antenna units to provide phasing information to the oscillators. A controller controls the phasing information provided by the network to the oscillators. In an alternative embodiment, the phasing to each antenna element is controlled through a fixed corporate feed network. The relative gains of the antenna signals received or transmitted through the fixed corporate feed may be adjusted with respect to each other to provide a beam steering capability.

Abstract: An antenna array comprises a plurality of integrated antenna units. Each integrated antenna unit includes an oscillator coupled through a transformer to an antenna. The oscillators are formed on a semiconductor substrate and the antennas and transformers are formed in metal layers overlaying the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a 10 Giga-bit Ethernet conversion system is provided that is operable to be inserted in 10 Gigabit optical fiber Ethernet systems, wherein each optical fiber Ethernet system includes an electrical-to-optical interface presenting electrical signals to an optical interface for converting the electrical signals to optical signals, the electrical signals being organized into a plurality of channels, wherein each channel carries Ethernet idle characters between data frame transmissions.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an antenna array is provided that includes a semiconductor substrate having a first surface and an opposing second surface; a plurality of heavily-doped contact regions extending from the first surface to the second surface; a plurality of antennas formed on an insulating layer adjacent the first surface, each antenna being coupled to corresponding ones of the contact regions by vias; driving circuitry formed on the second surface of the substrate, wherein the driving circuitry is configured such that each antenna corresponds to an RF beam forming interface circuit adapted to perform at least one of phase-shifting and attenuating an RF signal according to a transmit beam forming command to form an RF driving signal for driving the corresponding antenna, the RF beam forming interface circuit also adapted to perform at least one of phase-shifting and attenuating a received RF signal from the corresponding antenna according to a receive beam forming command, and a waveguide network formed in a

Abstract: In one embodiment, an antenna array is provided that includes a transparent substrate, a plurality of antennas formed on a surface of the transparent substrate, and an integrated circuit, the integrated circuit including an RF beam forming interface circuit adapted to perform at least one of phase-shifting and attenuating an RF signal according to a transmit beam forming command to form an RF driving signal for driving the plurality of antennas, the RF beam forming interface circuit also adapted to perform at least one of phase-shifting and attenuating a received RF signal from the plurality of antennas according to a receive beam forming command.

Abstract: A beam-forming antenna system includes an array of integrated antenna units. Each integrated antenna unit includes an oscillator coupled to an antenna. A network couples to the integrated antenna units to provide phasing information to the oscillators.

Abstract: A patch antenna is excited by a linear feedline through a cross-shaped aperture in a shield layer. The cross-shaped aperture includes a longitudinal arm running parallel to the linear feedline and a transverse arm running orthogonally to the longitudinal arm.

Abstract: A beam-forming antenna system includes an array of integrated antenna units. Each integrated antenna unit includes an oscillator coupled to an antenna. A network couples to the integrated antenna units to provide phasing information to the oscillators. A controller controls the phasing information provided by the network to the oscillators.

Abstract: A downlink module is provided that includes a sensor interface operable to provide digital sensor signals. It also includes a GPS receiver for receiving GPS timing and location signals. The downlink module may be configured to form packets of digital sensor signals and GPS timing and location signals according to a desired protocol.

Abstract: A radar transponder is provided that synchronizes the encoding of repeated radar pulses using an envelope detector to detect the envelope of received radar pulse signals. An edge detector detects the pulse edges in the envelope so that code words may be multiplied with the received radar pulse signals synchronously with the detected pulse edges to provide an encoded pulse train that may be transmitted to a radar interrogator.

Abstract: A beam-forming antenna system includes an array of integrated antenna circuits. Each integrated antenna circuit includes an oscillator coupled to an antenna. A network couples to the integrated antenna units to provide phasing information to the oscillators. A controller controls the phasing information provided by the network to the oscillators. In an alternative embodiment, the phasing to each antenna element is controlled through a fixed corporate feed network. The relative gains of the antenna signals received or transmitted through the fixed corporate feed may be adjusted with respect to each other to provide a beam steering capability.

Abstract: A patch antenna is excited by a linear feedline through a cross-shaped aperture in a shield layer. The cross-shaped aperture includes a longitudinal arm running parallel to the linear feedline and a transverse arm running orthogonally to the longitudinal arm.