Abstract: A natural gradient Blind Multi User Detection (BMUD) network system and method adaptively estimates a set of matrices to counter a linear convolutive environment model. Feedforward and feedback network structures may be implemented, with or without matrix inversion. In other aspects, an adaptive weighting matrix is introduced into a RAKE structure, and the matrix is adaptively estimated using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) computational techniques and/or static Blind Source Recovery (BSR) computational techniques based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA).

Abstract: An improved microforce sensing system is provided. The microforce sensing system includes: a force sensor configured to detect a contact force exerted on a contact tip of the cantilever and operable to generate a signal indicative of the contact force, where the cantilever is constructed from a polyvinylidene fluoride material in the form of a substantially rectangular plate or other suitable shapes; and a processing circuit adapted to receive the signal from the force sensor and operable to determine the contact force exerted on the tip by integrating the signal from the force sensor.

Abstract: An improved microforce sensing system is provided. The microforce sensing system includes: a force sensor configured to detect a contact force exerted on a contact tip of the cantilever and operable to generate a signal indicative of the contact force, where the cantilever is constructed from a polyvinylidene fluoride material in the form of a substantially rectangular plate or other suitable shapes; and a processing circuit adapted to receive the signal from the force sensor and operable to determine the contact force exerted on the tip by integrating the signal from the force sensor.