Abstract: A glass melting furnace including a melt chamber configured to receive a glass melt which forms a glass melt top surface; at least one batch feeder configured to feed batch material into the melt chamber below a level of the glass melt top surface, the batch feeder arranged at a side wall, a back wall, or a bottom of the melt chamber, plural electrodes arranged in the melt chamber below the level of the glass melt top surface and configured to heat the glass melt, the electrodes spaced apart from each other, wherein the electrodes are arranged so that a flow with a horizontal and a vertical component of movement is created in the glass melt, wherein the electrodes are arranged so that a helical flow in the glass melt is created with an axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the glass melt top surface.

Abstract: A glass melting furnace including a melt chamber configured to receive a glass melt which forms a glass melt top surface; at least one batch feeder configured to feed batch material into the melt chamber below a level of the glass melt top surface, the batch feeder arranged at a side wall, a back wall, or a bottom of the melt chamber, plural electrodes arranged in the melt chamber below the level of the glass melt top surface and configured to heat the glass melt, the electrodes spaced apart from each other, wherein the electrodes are arranged so that a flow with a horizontal and a vertical component of movement is created in the glass melt, wherein the electrodes are arranged so that a helical flow in the glass melt is created with an axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the glass melt top surface.