Abstract: A LED grow light array and method for controlling thereof, aimed at increasing plant canopy light penetration without stationary hot spots, providing antimicrobial light to eliminate microorganism on plants, providing pulsing canopy penetrating and microbial light without a dark period, and reducing energy consumption, the LED grow light array comprising: a LED grow light array, the array comprising at least four light bars, wherein the light bars comprise discrete photosynthetic LED chips of different types based on the wavelength of light they emit, the light they emit being either blue, red, or white light, or a combination thereof, wherein blue light wavelength ranges from 405 nm to 450 nm, red light wavelength ranges from 630 nm to 720 nm, and white light is a combination of wavelengths that ranges from 400 nm to 700 nm, each type of photosynthetic LED chip forming a set of chips; wherein the bars are in a series and spaced evenly over a given plant growing area; wherein the light bars further comprise d

Abstract: An improved ceramic discharge (hanging) lamp is designed for growing plants. A top mounted quick disconnect ballast provides maximum reflection area around the bulb. This also provides a quick disconnect for maintenance. Multiple ballasts can be daisy chained from one high voltage receptacle. An augmented LED or other light source can be attached to a lower frame or to the top frame to provide added light colors at various growth stages. A controller can vary the cycle times of each augmented light panel. The primary reflector maximizes the efficiency of the bulb.

Abstract: An improved ceramic discharge vertical lamp tower is designed for growing plants. A plurality of daisy chained ballast boxes are mounted between a pair of vertical frame members. Each ballast box powers a ceramic discharge lamp or any chosen alternative. Each ballast box may also power auxiliary LED lights. A controller can vary the cycle times of each augmented LED light panel and/or the ceramic discharge lamp. Various cooling heatsink designs include air and water.

Abstract: An improved ceramic discharge vertical lamp tower is designed for growing plants. A plurality of daisy chained ballast boxes are mounted between a pair of vertical frame members. Each ballast box powers a ceramic discharge lamp or any chosen alternative. Each ballast box may also power auxiliary LED lights. A controller can vary the cycle times of each augmented LED light panel and/or the ceramic discharge lamp. Various cooling heatsink designs include air and water.

Abstract: An improved ceramic discharge (hanging) lamp is designed for growing plants. A top mounted quick disconnect ballast provides maximum reflection area around the bulb. This also provides a quick disconnect for maintenance. Multiple ballasts can be daisy chained from one high voltage receptacle. An augmented LED or other light source can be attached to a lower frame or to the top frame to provide added light colors at various growth stages. A controller can vary the cycle times of each augmented light panel. The primary reflector maximizes the efficiency of the bulb.

Abstract: The improved single stage power converter circuit topology substantially reduces EMI that is conducted to the AC line, reduces input AC current inrush, improves output ripples by the use of an auxiliary supply near zero crossings of the line AC voltage, provides Power Factors greater than 0.95, provides Total Harmonic Distortions less than 15%, and maintains constant power, including constant power in a non-linear output load. Further, this circuit topology provides output open and short circuit protections by reducing current stress in power components. This topology can also make the power source to appear as a fast-acting variable impedance source, an ideal source for powering an output load that has negative resistance characteristics such as gas discharge lamps.

Abstract: The enclosed electronic ballast housing provides improved convection heat transfer for lowering the ambient housing temperature for keeping the junction temperature of power semiconductors inside the enclosed electronic ballast housing within certain specified temperature ranges for long-term reliable operation. The enclosed electronic ballast housing includes at least one folded fin on at least one of the enclosed electronic ballast housing surfaces, the folded fin may be manufactured from the same piece of material as the ballast housing for improved heat transfer. The folded fins are substantially parallel to their respective adjacent surfaces. Additionally, the enclosed electronic ballast housing includes separating portions of heat dissipating sections of ballast circuitry outside of the housing ballast.

Abstract: The invention is a control system that, among other things, controls a permanent magnet alternator and provides relatively accurate voltage regulation. The control system may include one or more of the following: (1) a rectification system to rectify and regulate the output voltage of an alternator, (2) a rectifier/limiter used as an electrical power source to a boost type regulator, (3) a multimode rectifier/limiter, (4) a DC to AC inverter bridge, and (5) power switches employed in the system to minimize the switching energy that would otherwise be dissipated in the power switches as heat.

Abstract: The control circuit for maintaining constant power in power factor corrected electronic ballasts and power supplies maintains constant power in a variable load. This constant power control circuit provides a closed loop constant power management process for gas discharge lamps by adding a scaled lamp voltage to a scaled voltage that is equivalent to the measured lamp current. This sum is then fed to a comparator for comparison with a fixed reference voltage. If there is a difference between the sum and the reference voltage, the comparator sends this information to an error amplifier of the gas discharger lamp power control circuit for corrective measures and closed loop control of gas discharge lamp power. Since the sum always must attain the same value as determined by reference voltage, when the lamp voltage increases from its nominal or initial value, the lamp current is decreased by a corresponding ratio to maintain a constant power in the gas discharge lamp.

Abstract: The invention is a control system that, among other things, controls a permanent magnet alternator and provides relatively accurate voltage regulation. The control system may include one or more of the following: (1) a rectification system to rectify and regulate the output voltage of an alternator, (2) a rectifier/limiter used as an electrical power source to a boost type regulator, (3) a multimode rectifier/limiter, (4) a DC to AC inverter bridge, and (5) power switches employed in the system to minimize the switching energy that would otherwise be dissipated in the power switches as heat.

Abstract: A compact auxiliary circuit modifies the operation of a low-voltage control circuit associated with an electronic dimming gas discharge lamp ballast. The auxiliary circuit modifies the output of the control circuit to reduce the brightness of the lamps when excess ambient light is available, and increases the brightness of the lamps as available ambient light is reduced. The auxiliary circuit is located in a small housing which mounts in a knockout plug of a fluorescent ceiling fixture. In a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary circuit includes a photocell that obtains information on ambient light levels through an ambient light gathering prism mounted through a ceiling tile near the fixture, and connected to the circuit housing by a flexible fiber optic cable. A single auxiliary circuit according to the invention can be connected to vary the brightness of a large number of lamps.

Abstract: A compact auxiliary circuit modifies the operation of a low-voltage control circuit associated with an electronic dimming gas discharge lamp ballast. The auxiliary circuit modifies the output of the control circuit to reduce the brightness of the lamps when excess ambient light is available, and increases the brightness of the lamps as available ambient light is reduced. The auxiliary circuit is located in a small housing which mounts in a knockout plug of a fluorescent ceiling fixture. In a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary circuit includes a photocell that obtains information on ambient light levels through an ambient light gathering prism mounted through a ceiling tile near the fixture, and connected to the circuit housing by a flexible fiber optic cable. A single auxiliary circuit according to the invention can be connected to vary the brightness of a large number of lamps.