Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods related to security management for a ferroelectric memory device are described. An example method can include receiving, at a memory controller and from a host, a command and firmware data. The memory controller can manage a non-volatile memory device, such as a ferroelectric memory device, and the host and the memory controller can communicate using a compute express link (CXL) protocol. The command can be executed to update firmware stored on the non-volatile memory device. The method can further include accessing a first public key from the non-volatile memory device. The method can further include validating the first public key with a second public key within the firmware data. The method can further include validating the firmware data. The method can further include verifying a security version of the firmware data. The method can further include updating the non-volatile memory device with the firmware data.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for adaptive temperature protection for a memory controller are described. In some cases, a memory system may include a set of temperature sensors distributed across the memory system. The set of temperature sensors may be used to monitor or model the temperature of one or more sections of the memory system. Upon determining that the temperature of a section exceeds a threshold, the memory system may employ one or more mitigation techniques to reduce the temperature or the rate of change of the temperature of the section. For example, the memory system may reduce a clock frequency corresponding to the section, while maintaining separate clock frequencies for other sections of the memory system. Additionally or alternatively, the memory system may transfer data or other information from the section to a separate section.

Abstract: An apparatus can include a plurality of memory devices and a memory controller coupled to the plurality of memory devices via a plurality of memory channels. The plurality of memory channels can be each organized as a plurality of channel groups that can be operated as independent RAS channels (e.g., channels for independent RAS accesses). Data received at the memory controller via different memory channels of one RAS channel can be aligned at various circuits and/or components of the memory controller.

Abstract: Provided is a method for regulating, via a hardware performance throttling block (PTB) of a memory module, the performance of a memory system in response to read and write requests from a processing system which hosts the memory system. The host system sends memory service requests to the memory system in the form of memory read requests and memory write requests. The host system sends requests to throttle, that is, to limit the responses of the memory system in response to memory requests; the host system sends to the memory system various parameters indicative of current memory usage. In response to the throttling request, the PTB of the memory module either stops any reception of memory requests, or limits (throttles) the number of memory read requests, write requests, or both for a specified number of clock/command cycles. The PTB also determines when full, un-throttled performance may be resumed.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods related to a controller for managing metrics and telemetry are described. A controller includes a front end portion, a central controller portion, a back end portion, and a management unit. The central controller portion can include a cache to store data associated with the performance of the memory operations, metric logic configured to collect metrics related to performance of the memory operations, load telemetry logic configured to collect load telemetry associated with performance of the memory operations within a threshold time, and a storage area to store the collected metrics and the collected load telemetry. The management unit memory of the controller can store metrics and load telemetry associatAND ed with monitoring the characteristics of the memory controller, and based on the stored metrics and load telemetry, alter at least one characteristic of the computing system.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for address scrambling by linear maps in Galois fields are described. For instance, a device may determine a bijective matrix based on a power up condition. In some examples, the device may determine the bijective matrix based on a seed value and/or may select the matrix from among a set of bijective matrices. In some examples, the bijective matrix may have at least one column and/or one row that has at least two non-zero elements. The device may generate a first address of a first address space based on applying the matrix (e.g., each column of the matrix) to at least a portion of a second address of a second address space and may access a memory array of the device based on generating the first address.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for address scrambling by linear maps in Galois fields are described. For instance, a device may determine a bijective matrix based on a power up condition. In some examples, the device may determine the bijective matrix based on a seed value and/or may select the matrix from among a set of bijective matrices. In some examples, the bijective matrix may have at least one column and/or one row that has at least two non-zero elements. The device may generate a first address of a first address space based on applying the matrix (e.g., each column of the matrix) to at least a portion of a second address of a second address space and may access a memory array of the device based on generating the first address.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for adaptive temperature protection for a memory controller are described. In some cases, a memory system may include a set of temperature sensors distributed across the memory system. The set of temperature sensors may be used to monitor or model the temperature of one or more sections of the memory system. Upon determining that the temperature of a section exceeds a threshold, the memory system may employ one or more mitigation techniques to reduce the temperature or the rate of change of the temperature of the section. For example, the memory system may reduce a clock frequency corresponding to the section, while maintaining separate clock frequencies for other sections of the memory system. Additionally or alternatively, the memory system may transfer data or other information from the section to a separate section.

Abstract: Provided is a system and method for storing, via a processor, in a memory of an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), one or more threshold values responsive to at least one of physical layer and processing layer operating conditions of the ASIC. Also included is monitoring at least one of a physical layer operating condition value and a processing layer performance condition value of the ASIC, the moderating forming a monitored value, comparing the monitored value with the stored threshold values, and throttling processing layer performance of the ASIC when the monitored value exceeds at least one of the stored threshold values.

Abstract: An access controller can be provided to regulate and secure access to an intermediate memory to which data stored in a one-time-programmable (OTP) memory can be copied. To secure the access of the intermediate memory, the access controller can regulate a frequency at which the intermediate memory can be accessed and cryptographically manage (e.g., encrypt and/or decrypt) data being read from and/or written to the intermediate memory.

Abstract: An apparatus can include a plurality of memory devices and a memory controller coupled to the plurality of memory devices via a plurality of memory channels. The plurality of memory channels can be each organized as a plurality of channel groups that can be operated as independent RAS channels (e.g., channels for independent RAS accesses). Data received at the memory controller via different memory channels of one RAS channel can be aligned at various circuits and/or components of the memory controller.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for adaptive temperature protection for a memory controller are described. In some cases, a memory system may include a set of temperature sensors distributed across the memory system. The set of temperature sensors may be used to monitor or model the temperature of one or more sections of the memory system. Upon determining that the temperature of a section exceeds a threshold, the memory system may employ one or more mitigation techniques to reduce the temperature or the rate of change of the temperature of the section. For example, the memory system may reduce a clock frequency corresponding to the section, while maintaining separate clock frequencies for other sections of the memory system. Additionally or alternatively, the memory system may transfer data or other information from the section to a separate section.

Abstract: Protection for a secure boot procedure can be provided in addition to cryptographic verification of boot firmware associated with the boot procedure. While the boot firmware is being verified, an open sub-system can be placed into a halt state, during which the open sub-system is prevented from performing the boot procedure. The open sub-system can be subsequently placed into a resume state to further perform the boot procedure when the boot firmware is verified. The open sub-system is still prevented from performing the boot procedure even if the boot firmware is verified unless the open sub-system is placed into the resume state again.

Abstract: Protection for a secure boot procedure can be provided in addition to cryptographic verification of boot firmware associated with the boot procedure. While the boot firmware is being verified and executed at a secure sub-system, an open sub-system can be put into a halt state, during which the open sub-system is prevented from performing the boot procedure. The open sub-system is still prevented from performing the boot procedure even if the boot firmware is verified and/or executed unless the open sub-system is put into the resume state again.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for event management for memory devices are described. A memory system may include a frontend (FE) queue and a backend (BE). Each queue may include an interface that can be operated in an interrupt mode or a polling mode based on certain metrics. For example, the interface associated with the FE queue may be operated in a polling mode or an interrupt mode based on whether a quantity of commands being executed on one or more memory devices of the memory system satisfies a threshold value. Additionally or alternatively, the interface associated with the BE queue may be operated in a polling mode or an interrupt mode based on whether a quantity of active logical block addresses (LBAs) associated with one or more operations being executed on one or more memory devices of the memory system satisfies a threshold value.

Abstract: In some implementations, a system includes a set of servers configured to establish a set of virtual machines to provide a computing environment; a set of compute express link (CXL) interface components configured to communicate with the set of servers via a set of CXL interconnects; and a controller configured to at least one of: encrypt protocol data against a CXL interposer security threat associated with the set of CXL interconnects or a malicious extension security threat, provide a secure handshake verification of an identity of the set of CXL interface components, enforce a chain of trust rooted in hardware of the set of CXL interface components; restrict access to an area of memory of the set of CXL interface components that stores security data for verified or secured processes; or perform a security check and set up a set of security features of the set of CXL interface components.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices related to field firmware update (FFU). A first memory of a memory module may receive an encrypted segment of a FW package associated with FFU. A decrypted segment of the FW package may be stored by the first memory. A re-encrypted segment of the FW package may be stored by the first memory. The re-encrypted segment of the FW package may be communicated to a second memory of the memory module.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for address scrambling by linear maps in Galois fields are described. For instance, a device may determine a bijective matrix based on a power up condition. In some examples, the device may determine the bijective matrix based on a seed value and/or may select the matrix from among a set of bijective matrices. In some examples, the bijective matrix may have at least one column and/or one row that has at least two non-zero elements. The device may generate a first address of a first address space based on applying the matrix (e.g., each column of the matrix) to at least a portion of a second address of a second address space and may access a memory array of the device based on generating the first address.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for low latency storage based on data size are described. A memory system may include logic, a processor, a first memory, and a second memory. The logic may be configured to receive commands, or data, or both, from a host system. The first memory and the second memory may be coupled with the processor. The processor may be configured to store, or to cause the storage of, data for commands associated with data that are smaller than a threshold in the first memory and to store data for commands associated with data that are larger than the threshold in the second memory. A first communication path between the logic and the first memory may be associated with a faster transfer speed than a second communication path between the logic and the second memory.

Abstract: Provided is a method for regulating, via a hardware performance throttling block (PTB) of a memory module, the performance of a memory system in response to read and write requests from a processing system which hosts the memory system. The host system sends memory service requests to the memory system in the form of memory read requests and memory write requests. The host system may also send requests to throttle, that is, to limit the responses of the memory system in response to memory requests; the host system may also send to the memory system various parameters indicative of current memory usage. In response to the throttling request, the PTB of the memory module either stops any reception of memory requests, or limits (throttles) the number of memory requests (either read requests, write requests, or both) for a specified number of clock/command cycles. The PTB also determines when full, un-throttled performance may be resumed.