Abstract: Techniques and apparatus for analyzing and optimizing an access point (AP) layout to reduce an occurrence of sticky clients within a network are described. An example technique includes obtaining a first layout of a set of APs to be deployed within an environment. A determination is made that at least a first AP of the set of APs will be associated with one or more sticky clients, based on evaluating the first layout with a machine learning model. A second layout of the set of APs to be deployed within the environment is generated using the machine learning model. Information associated with the second layout is transmitted.

Abstract: Techniques for improved network management and troubleshooting are provided. A set of packets are received, indicating, for each respective station of a set of stations associated to an access point in a network, machine learning support provided by the respective station. A textual diagnostic prompt relating to network conditions of the network is transmitted by the access point and to at least a first station of the set of stations. A textual response to the diagnostic prompt is received by the access point and from the first station, where the first station generated the textual response based on processing the textual diagnostic prompt using a first machine learning model. One or more network settings are modified based on the textual response.

Abstract: A method of selecting a rendezvous point access point (RPAP) in a cluster of access points (APs). The method includes operating a cluster of access points in a wireless local area network, wherein at least some of the access points operate in a BSS privacy enhancement (BPE) mode; and selecting one of the access points in the cluster of access points to operate as a rendezvous point access point (RPAP), wherein the selecting is based on information collected by the one of the access points while operating in the wireless local area network.

Abstract: Techniques that allow for sending encrypted data from an unauthenticated/unassociated wireless client device to an access point. In one embodiment, a method is provided that includes generating, by a wireless access point (AP), a cryptographic public key. The method includes providing, by the wireless AP, the cryptographic public key to an unauthenticated wireless client device. The method further includes receiving, by the wireless AP, from the unauthenticated wireless client device, a frame comprising data that was encrypted by the unauthenticated wireless client device using the cryptographic public key. This cryptographic public key may be used by unauthenticated wireless client devices to transmit, for example, an encrypted password identifier that can be used to authenticate the wireless client device using password identifier authentication techniques. The unauthenticated wireless client device may use the cryptographic public key to encrypt other data for transmission to an AP.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides techniques for AID generation for enhanced data privacy (EDP) operations. An AP provides a first communication indicating that the AP supports a randomized MAC address rotation management protocol. The AP establishes a communications link between the AP and a STA, where establishing the communications link comprises assigning the STA to an EDP group. The AP generates a list of N AIDs for the STA, each of the N AIDs to be used in a corresponding epoch of N epochs associated with the EDP group. The AP transmits, to the STA in a protected wireless frame, information indicating the list of N AIDs for the STA. The AP maintains the communications link with the STA based at least in part on the timing information for randomized MAC address rotation for the EDP group, and including using each AID in the list of N AIDs during corresponding epochs.

Abstract: Roaming optimization, and particularly transmitting directional neighbor reports to optimize roaming may be provided. For roaming optimization, it is first determined that a client is going to roam to a new Access Point (AP). In response to determining the client is going to roam to a new AP, an estimated path of the client is determined. One or more candidate APs are determined based at least in part on the estimated path, and probabilities of roaming to the one or more candidate APs is determined based at least in part on the estimated path. A directional neighbor report including a list of the one or more candidate APs and the probabilities is generated and transmitted to the client.

Abstract: Devices, systems, methods, and processes for tackling the problem of sticky clients in wireless networks using machine learning processes are described herein. Thresholds related to data rates and/or Received Signal Strength Indicators (RSSI), for Access Points (APs) in a network are identified. These thresholds are configured to dynamically adjust, either based on the time of day or real-time roaming patterns, with the aim of mitigating sticky clients and enhancing overall network performance. Advanced machine learning techniques such as Graph Neural Networks are implemented within the domain of deep learning to significantly alleviate sticky client concerns and promote seamless connectivity for all users.

Abstract: Enhanced Data Privacy (EDP) Association Identifier (AID)-list handling on long power-save scenarios may be provided. A non-access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) establishes an association with an AP MLD, including receiving an indication of assignment to an epoch group for rotation of frame anonymization parameters at an epoch interval and a list of AIDs to be used in corresponding epochs associated with the epoch group. The maintained association includes rotating frame anonymization parameters at epoch intervals using each AID in the list of AIDs during its corresponding epoch. The non-AP MLD enters a sleep state of a power save mode of operation during the association. Upon entering a wake state, the non-AP MLD determines whether it has a valid AID for a then-current epoch. Responsive to not having the valid AID, the non-AP MLD transmits an AID Assignment Response frame indicating a request for a second list of AIDs.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides techniques for providing probing data in a privacy enhanced network, including receiving, at a first access point (AP) and from a first wireless station (STA) connected to the first AP, an information request associated with a second AP, where the first AP and the second AP are Basic Service Set (BSS) Privacy Enhancement (BPE) APs. The first AP may determine probing data associated with a first probing BSS identifier (BSSID) of the second AP. The first AP may transmit a first response comprising the probing data to the first wireless STA. The first AP may receive, from a second wireless STA connected to the second AP, a probe request for a second probing BSSID of the first AP, where the probe request comprising an authorization token. Based on successfully validating the probe request, the first AP may transmit a probe response to the second wireless STA.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides techniques for identifying and transmitting future association identifiers (AIDs) for wireless stations (STAs) in a Basic Service Set, including identifying, by an access point (AP), a frame to be transmitted. The AP may determine, during a current epoch, a first AID for a first station. The AP may determine a first epoch discriminator, such as an even/odd bit, of the current epoch with respect to the first AID. The AP may transmit the first frame comprising the first AID and the first epoch discriminator, such as transmitting the first frame to the first station.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides techniques for identifying and transmitting future Basis Service Set identifiers (BSSIDs) for access points (APs) in an Extended Service Set (ESS), including implementing, by a first AP, a BSS for one or more wireless stations, where an ESS includes the first AP and a second AP neighboring the first AP, and where the second AP is a basic service set privacy enhancements (BPE) AP. The first AP may encode a wireless management frame including a neighbor report element for the second AP, where the neighbor report element includes data indicating a basic service set identifier (BSSID) for one or more next epochs. Further, the wireless management frame may be transmitted by the first AP to a wireless station of the BSS.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides techniques for managing association identifier (AID) assignment in enhanced data privacy (EDP) operation. An access point (AP) establishes a wireless communications link with a station, comprising receiving an association request frame from the wireless station, assigning the station to an EDP group, generating a first list of N AIDs for the station, each of the N AIDs to be used in a corresponding epoch of N epochs associated with the EDP group, and transmitting an association response frame to the station, where the response frame comprises information indicating the assigned EDP group and the first list of N AIDs for the wireless station. The AP maintains the wireless communications link with the wireless station based at least in part on the timing information for randomized MAC address rotation for the EDP group, comprising using each AID in the list of N AIDs during corresponding epochs.

Abstract: In one implementation, a device may obtain performance metrics from vantage points distributed across a computing network. The device may map the performance metrics to a corresponding application based on a network address associated with the performance metrics. The device may establish a performance metric baseline for the corresponding application based on the performance metrics that are mapped to the corresponding application. The device may identify an anomaly in a performance metric mapped to the corresponding application based on a comparison to the performance metric baseline.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides techniques for establishing and managing subscription- based telemetry in wireless networks. An access point (AP) receives a discovery frame from a client device requesting information on subscribable data sources, transmits a discovery response frame identifying one or more data sources supported by the first AP, each data source being associated with one or more subscription types, receives a subscription request frame from the client device, the subscription request frame identifying one or more selected data sources, each selected data source being associated with a respective selected subscription type, transmits an acknowledgement frame to the client device, the acknowledgement frame comprising an approval of the subscription request frame and a subscription identifier assigned to the client device, and sends data from the selected data sources to the client device based on the respective selected subscription types.

Abstract: Hybrid Multi-Link Device (MLD) wireless networking for automotive may be provided. A mobile device can, using an out-of-band (OOB) connection, discover a virtual access point (AP) that provides wireless local area network (WLAN) services. Information identifying a service area and APs within the service area is received from the virtual AP via the OOB connection. A virtual wireless network session is established with the virtual AP over the OOB connection in response to determining the mobile device is entering the service area, including performing an association procedure and an authentication procedure between the mobile device and the virtual AP. In response to determining that the mobile device is entering a WLAN coverage area associated with an AP of the APs, a link is established between the mobile device and the AP. Data is then exchanged between the mobile device and an application via the link through the AP.

Abstract: Split Media Access Control (MAC) for automotive wireless may be provided. A client device may report a position of the client device to a cloud-based service through an Out-of-Band (OOB) connection. Next the client device may receive, from the cloud-based service, a mapping of services available to the client device. The client device may then communicate according to the mapping of services available to the client device wherein the cloud-based service may implement control-plane functions and the client device may implement data-plane functions.

Abstract: Devices, systems, methods, and processes for tackling the problem of sticky clients in wireless networks using machine learning processes are described herein. Thresholds related to data rates and/or Received Signal Strength Indicators (RSSI), for Access Points (APs) in a network are identified. These thresholds are configured to dynamically adjust, either based on the time of day or real-time roaming patterns, with the aim of mitigating sticky clients and enhancing overall network performance. Advanced machine learning techniques such as Graph Neural Networks are implemented within the domain of deep learning to significantly alleviate sticky client concerns and promote seamless connectivity for all users.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides techniques for APs to evaluate status updates received from STAs for adaptive AID management. An AP establishes a wireless communications link with a station, generates a list of N AIDs, each of the N AIDs to be used in a corresponding epoch of N epochs associated with an EDP group, transmits to the station in a protected wireless frame, information indicating the list of N AIDs for the station, receives from the station a response frame to the protected wireless frame, where the response frame includes a status code indicating whether the station successfully stored at least a portion of the list of N AIDs, and maintains the wireless communications link with the station based at least in part on the timing information for randomized MAC address rotation for the EDP group, and including using each AID in the list of N AIDs during corresponding epochs.

Abstract: A system and method for using 802.11v action report messages to enhance roaming. In one embodiment, a method includes transmitting, to a station, a transition management message that identifies a recommended access point for roaming for the station, receiving, from the station, an action report in response to the transition management message, where the action report indicates feedback to the recommended access point identified in the transition management message, and determining a roaming recommendation based on the action report.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device obtains telemetry data indicative of a plurality of different types of events that occurred in a network. The device computes event counts for each of the plurality of different types of events within each of a sequence of predefined timespans based on the telemetry data and generates timeseries for each of the plurality of different types of events using the event counts. The device provides display data that causes a user interface to display a selected two or more of the timeseries concurrently.