Abstract: Method of separation of a radiometal ion from a target metal ion, comprising a first liquid-liquid extraction step in which an organic phase comprising an extractant and an interfacial tension modifier is mixed with an aqueous phase comprising the radiometal ion and the target metal ion in order that the radiometal ion is at least partially transferred to the organic phase, followed by a first phase separation step, wherein the phase separation is carried out in flow comprising the use of a microfiltration membrane to separate the phases based on the interfacial tension between the phases such that a permeate phase passes through the membrane and a retentate phase does not.

Abstract: A method of conducting radiofluorination of a substrate, includes: (a) contacting an aqueous solution of [18F] fluoride with a polymer supported phosphazene base for sufficient time for trapping of [18F] fluoride on the polymer supported phosphazene base; and (b) contacting a solution of the substrate with the polymer supported phosphazene base having [18F] fluoride trapped thereon obtained in step (a) for sufficient time for a radiofluorination reaction to take place.

Abstract: A method of conducting radiofluorination of a substrate, includes: (a) contacting an aqueous solution of [18F] fluoride with a polymer supported phosphazene base for sufficient time for trapping of [18F] fluoride on the polymer supported phosphazene base; and (b) contacting a solution of the substrate with the polymer supported phosphazene base having [18F] fluoride trapped thereon obtained in step (a) for sufficient time for a radiofluorination reaction to take place.